ap world history bentley ch 18 terms – Flashcards
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yurts
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collapsable nomadic tents
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kumiss
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fermented milk of a horse that made an alcoholic drink for nomadic people
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shamans
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priests or priestesses who used magic for the purpose of curing sick; major part of Turkish religion. they possessed supernatural powers and could communicate with gods
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Saljuk (Seljuk) Turks
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Turkish tribe that gained control of the Abbasid empire and fought with the Byzantine empire
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Ghaznavid empire
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led by Mahmud of Ghazni; they originated in Afghanistan and raided lucrative sites in Northern India. Their main goal was to plunder; their raids began in early 11 century
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steppe
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grassland plains without trees (apart from those near rivers and lakes)
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Chinggs (Ghengis) Khan
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(Temujin) unified the Mongols. was born about 1167 ce. He mastered the art of steppe diplomacy and all mongols recognized him as Chinggis Khan or "universal ruler" in 1206
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Mongols
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originated in steppes in central asia; nomadic tribe, had strong loyalties to kinship. They are the biggest empire, led by Ghengis Khan
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Karakorum
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the capital of the Mongol empire in the 13th century
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Qanat
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water management system used to provide a reliable supply of water for human settlements and irrigation in hot, arid/semi arid climates
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Khubili Khan
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(King Qubilai) the second son of Tolui & Sorghaghtani Beki and a grandson of Ghengis Khan. He succeeded his older brother as Khagan in 1260 but fought with his brother in a succession war lasting until 1264. this episode marked the disunity in the empire. He established the Yuan dynasty
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Golden Horde
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Mongol tribe that controlled Russia from the 13 century to the 15 century
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Ilkanate of Persia
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Khubili's brother Hulego toppled the Abbasid empire and established the Mongol Ilkanate of Persia
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Marco Polo
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(1254-1324) venetian merchant traveler whose travels are recorded in Il Malone, a book wich did much to introduce Europeans to central China and Asia. He inspired Christopher Columbus/
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Kamikaze
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"god wind" japanese term that is related to storms that destroyed Mongol invasion fleets.
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Yuan dynasty
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chinese dynasty that was founded by Mongol ruler Khibuli Khan
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Hulegu
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a mongol ruler who conquered much of s/w asia. his army greatly expanded the southwest portion of the mongol empire.
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Ilkhan Ghazni
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siezed the throne of the Ghaznavid empire upon his death of his father Mahmud from his younger twin Muhammad. (r. 1031-1041)
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Lamaist Buddhism
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the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and instittutions characteristics of Tibet and certain regions of the Himilayas. [Dalai Lama]
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Tamerlane
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(Timur the lame) Turkish conquerer who walked with a limp. born 1336 near Samarkaland who modeled his ways after chinggis khan
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Osman
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a leader of nomadic Turks who declared himself indepent in 1299 from the Saljuk sultan; his followers were known as the Osmans or Ottomans
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Ottoman Turks
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powerful Turkish empire that lasted from the conquest of constantinople (Istanbul) in 1453 until 1918 and reached its peak under Suleyman the Magnificent (1520-1566)
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Sultan Mehmed II
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ottoman sultan (1432-1481) known as Mehmed the conquerer; he conquered the Byzantine capital of constantinople. he made his own captital under the turkish name of Istanbul
