Modern World History: Chapter 13 – Flashcards
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Nationalism
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A deep devotion towards one nation. Can serve as a unifying fore within a country, but can also cause intense competition among nations.
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Imperialism
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A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
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Militarism
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The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war.
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Otto von Bismarck
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Used war to unify Germany. Saw France as a threat to peace, isolated it.
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Triple Alliance
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Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy.
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Kaiser Wilhelm II
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Forced Bismarck to resign. The army was his greatest pride. Began large shipbuilding program.
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Triple Entente
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Great Britain, France, Russia.
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Balkans
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"Powder Keg" of Europe. Strong sense of nationalism within region.
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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Heir to Austria-Hungary throne. Shot while at a visit to Bosnia & Herzegovina. "Indirect" cause of World War 1. Assassinated in = June 28, 1914
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Central Powers
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Germany, Austria-Hungary.
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Allies
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Great Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy.
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Western Front
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Deadlocked region in Northern France.
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Schlieffen Plan
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Created by: General Alfred Graf von Schlieffen. Plan called for massively attacking the West (France), then running off to attack the East (Germany).
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Trench Warfare
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Deep canals used to tightly transport soldiers across the battlefield. Massive casualties resulted from this warfare.
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Eastern Front
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Stretch of battlefield along the German and Russian border.
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The Gallipoli Campaign
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Effort (by the Allies) to take the Dardanelles canal that led to Constantinople (capital of Ottoman Empire), to be able to aid Russia.
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Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
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Germany sunk every ship in the waters around Britain.
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Total War
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A nation dedicates all the manpower and supplies within itself to the war.
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Rationing
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System in which civilians could only buy small amounts of various items due to their great necessity (items) in the war. Varied from butter to shoe leather.
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Propaganda
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Efforts to promote war efforts and support.
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The Big Four
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Woodrow Wilson (United States), George Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George (Great Britain), Vittorio Orlando (Italy)
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Fourteen Points
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Wilson's plan to establish world-wide peace.
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Self-determination
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Allowing people to decide for themselves under what government they wished to live.
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Treaty of Versailles
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Treaty between Germany, and Allies. Included the creation of the League of Nations, Territorial Losses for various nations, Military Restrictions, as well as War Guilt towards Germany. Signed = June 28, 1919
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League of Nations
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International Association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations.
