World history people Review list – Flashcards
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Abraham
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founder of judaism
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Moses
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led Jews out of Egypt in the exodus
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Gautama
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founder of buddhism
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Jesus of Nazareth
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founder of christainity- according to christians he's the messiah
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Allah
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Islamic name for god
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Muhammad
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founder of islam
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Michelandgelo
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Renaissance artist- painted Sistien chapel and sculpted la Pieta and David
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Erasmus
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most famous christian humanist
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shakespeare
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renaissance playwright and writer of sonnets
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Turks
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Muslims from Asia Minot-defeated constantinople- renamed it istanbul- traded coffe and ceramics-spread islam to middle east, north Africa, and balkan peninsula
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Leonardo da vinci
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Renaissance artist- painted Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
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Pope
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head of the roman catholic church
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Johannes Gutenberg
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invented the printing press, helped Renaissance ideas spread
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Martin luther
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first to ever brake away from the catholic church
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john calvin
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God predestines certain people go to heaven
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jesuits
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catholic order that proselytized for all over the world for catholic church
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Elizabeth 1
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combined catholic and protestant to come up with anglican church
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Henry Vlll
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broke away from the catholic church because of divorce
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Prince Henry
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Portugal- brought people together to study naviation
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Columbus
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wanted to sail west around the world to get to asia
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Magellan
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his crew was first to circumnavigate the globe
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Drake
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first englishman to sail around the globe
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Cortez
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spanish conquistador- conquered Aztecs
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Pizarro
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spanish conquistador- conquered Incas
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Cartier
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French explorer-claimed Canada for France
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Da Gama
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Portuguese-first to find water route to Asia
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Mughals
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Muslims-ruled India-built Taj Mahal
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Ottomans
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Muslims-Asia Minor-coffee and ceramics
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Songhai
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Africans-traded salt and gold
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Japanese
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kicked out foreigners and become isolationists
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Chinese
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set up trading enclaves for foreigner and became isolationists
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Aztecs
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Native American civilization- Yucatan-famous for pyramids
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Incas
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Native American civilization-peru-Andes Mts.-roads & bridges
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Mayans
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Native American civilization-mexico-corn
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Louis XlV
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Absolute ruler of France-brought a great culture to france- also caused problems by doing away with the edict of nantes-built Versailles-SUN KING
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Frederick the Great
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absolute ruler of Prussia
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Peter the Great
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an absolute ruler of Russia- he wanted to westernize Russia
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Copernicus
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Polish- heliocentric theory- feared the church
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Kepler
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German-used math to prove that earth goes around the sun in an ellipse
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Gallileo
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Italian-telescope to prove copernicus
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Harvey
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English- blood circulates through the body
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Newton
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English-Developed calculus and the laws of gravity
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Montesquieu
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French-wrote "spirit of the Laws"- believed in separation of power
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Mozart
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Austrian- great composer- began composing at age 5
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Voltaire
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French-believed in freedom of speech- separation of church and state
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Rousseau
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French-"Social Contract-gov't is only is only a contract and not that necessary
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Hobbes
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used natural law to say that people need an absolute monarch because they are naturally bad-wrote Leviathan
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Locke
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English-used natural law- "Two Treatises on Gov't"- man has rights and is generally good-gov't is protect our rights- influenced Jefferson
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Jefferson
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American-wrote Declaration of independence
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Bach
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second great composer of enlightenment
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Delacroix
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Spanish-novelist-wrote Don Quixote
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Cervantes
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French-painted Liberty Leading the People and nature scenes
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William and Mary
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Rulers of England after Glorious Revolution- had less power than Patliament
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Napoleon
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dictator of France- conquers Europe- spreads code of laws
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Metternich
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Austrian Prince-Congress of Vienna-Balance of power-kings in power
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Charles l
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king of England-wants to be absolute-executed after civil war
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Cromwell
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Puritan-led english Civil war-then became dictator
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Third estate
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french poor and middle class-begin revolution at bastile
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Louis XVl
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French absolute rule- executed in reign of terror
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Toussaint L 'Ouverture
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led slave revolt in haiti-inspired by the french Rev.
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Bolivar
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led revolutions all over Latin America
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Cavour
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advisor to king of Sardinia-united N. Italy
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Garibaldi
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Guerrilla warfare-united S. Italy with N.Italy
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Bismarck
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realpolitik-"blood and iron"- Prussian who created Germany
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Whitney
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cotton gin- clean cotton faster-need for slaves grows
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Watt
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steam engine- work now done by machines instead of human power
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Bessemer
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invented steel. now machines could be made stronger and resistant to fire
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Smith
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capitalism and laissez-farie-wealth of nations-profits make people work
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Jenner
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made world's first vaccination-small pox
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Pasteur
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discovered germs/bacteria
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Cmdr.Perry
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used US navy to get japan to open up to trade
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Karl Marx
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Socialism- Communist Manifesto-proletariat to rise up and revolt
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Archduke Fredinand
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prince of Austria-Hungary-assassinated-spark for WWl
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Tsar Nicholas ll
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Ruler of Russia in early 1900's-incompetent-overthrown
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Bolsheviks
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radical socialists led by Lenin
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Woodrow Wilson
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US president WWl
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Hitler
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totalitarian leader of germany
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Mussolini
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totalitarian leader of Italy
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Stalin
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totalitarian leader of the soviet union
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Tojo
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totalitarian leader of Japan
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FDR
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US president during WWll and at Yalta
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Truman
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Dropped atomic bomb on japan-said US will lead fight against communism
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MacArthur
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US General-Pacific troops-rebuilt japan-fought Korean war
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Marshall
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had plan to rebuild Western europe after WWll-13 billion
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Eisenhower
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US general- in charge of D-day - became US president
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Churchill
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British prime minister-hated appeasement - at Yalta
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Ronald Reagan
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Helped end the cold war by building up US military
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Milkhail Gorbachev
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helped end cold war by letting his people see the west
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Fidel Castro
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communist dictator of Cuba- allowed USSR to put missiles there
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Mao
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led communists in china
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Chiang
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led communists in Vietnam
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Ho Chi Minh
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led nationalists in china-fled to Taiwan after to Taiwan after losing
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Gandhi
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led passive resistance against British in india
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Kenyatta
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led fight against British for independence of his country
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Lenin
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Russian socialist . wanted to spread socialism all over the world.led the Bolsheviks. took over Russian gov't in a coup d'etat.
