World History – chapter 10 Section 2 – Flashcards

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Abu Bakr
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first caliph of the Muslim empire (632-634). Ascending to power after the death of his son-in-law Muhammad. He made Islam a political and military force throughout Arabia.
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Caliph
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successor to Muhammad. A political and religious leader of the Muslims
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Sunni
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a member of one of the largest Muslim sects who believe that inspiration comes from the example of Muhammad as recorded by his early followers
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Shiite
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a member of one of the two major Muslim sects. Believe that the descendants of Muhammad's daughter and son-in-law Ali are the true Muslim leaders
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Sufis
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Muslim mystics who seek communion with God through meditation, fasting and other rituals
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Umayyads
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members of the Sunni dynasty of caliphs and ruled a Muslim empire from 661 to 750
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Abbasids
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dynasty that ruled in Baghdad from 750 - 1258
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Baghdad
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capital city of present day Iraq. Capital of the Muslim empire during Islam's golden age
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Minaret
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slender tower of a mosque from which Muslims are called to prayer
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Sultan
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Muslim ruler
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