WORLD HISTORY IMPERIALISM TEST – Flashcards
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Briefly summarize the causes and effects of imperialism:
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Nationalism- a want to gain power leads to Colonization - Europeans control land and people around the world Economic Competition- demand for materials and markets leads to Colonial Economics- Euro's control trade and set up cash crop economies in colonies Missionary Spirit - spread Christianity leads to Christianization throughout Africa, Asia, and India
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What would industrialization do to many European countries?
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Make them seek new markets
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What was the makeup of Africa before imperialism?
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Africa was deeply divided and could not match many of the European Advances in technology
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What things prevented Europeans from colonizes Africa earlier?
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Disease, hard to navigate rivers, African resistance
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What were the forces that began to drive imperialism in Africa?
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A need for new materials and markets to sell European goods
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What types of goods were sought after in Africa?
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Raw materials, rubber, diamonds, and gold
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What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?
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To lay out the ground rules for the division of Africa
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What was Africa a good source for? What area did it lack in?
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Materials. Good Markets
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What conflict would symbolize the trouble brought on by imperialism?
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Boer War
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What are the 4 different types of imperialism? Briefly describe each.
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Colony- Country or territory that is governed internally by another country Protectorate-area that has its own government, but is under the control of another outside government Sphere of Influence - Area where a stronger country will assert right for trade Economic Imperialism- occurs when private businesses control a country or territory
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Describe the difference between direct and indirect management:
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Direct - Foreign officials rule, no self rule, goal is assimilation, gov't institutions based only on Euro styles Indirect- local gov't officials used, limited self rule, goal is to develop future leaders, gov't institutions based on euro styles but have local rules
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Please name and describe the 4 major causes of WWI
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Militiarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
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How did Imperialism contribute to the fighting in WWI?
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Competition for markets, led to increased competition between nations
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Make a chart showing the different alliance before and after 1914, list the countries in each alliance
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Pre 1914 Triple Alliance - Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Triple Entente - France, Great Britain, Russia Post 1914 Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman empire Allies - France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, US
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What area in Europe was very volatile because of nationalism and the conflicting interests of Austria Hungary and Russia? What was its nickname?
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Balkan Peninsula- Powder Keg
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What was the spark of WWI? Please be as specific as possible!!!
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Assassination of Austria-Hungary heir to throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife, by Serbian Gavrilo Princip, in Sarajevo, Bosnia
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Highlight the differences in fighting on the western and eastern fronts:
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Eastern front was more mobile than the trenches on the western front
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What was the Schliefen Plan? Was it successful? What did this mean for Germany?
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Germany's plan to quickly defeat France , and rush to the eastern front to fight Russia. No. Forced Germany to fight a two front war
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What military maneuver symbolized fighting on the Western Front?
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Trench Warfare
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List new war technologies seen in WWI, what did people think these new technologies would do? What actually happened?
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Machine guns, tanks, airplanes. Speed up the war but actually just accounted for higher death tolls.
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What was Russia's major weakness heading into WWI? What was their greatest strength?
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Their lack of industrialization, their number of soldiers
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What was the Gallipoli campaign? Was it successful?
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An allied attempt to take the strait of dardenelles to create a supply line to Russia, No
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Why did the colonies of the major nations involve themselves in WWI?
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In hopes of gaining Independence
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Please trace U.S. entry into WWI:
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Unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany sank the Civilian passenger ship the Lucientania, and then the interception of the Zimmerman Note pushed the US into the War
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Why would the U.S. enter on the side of the Allied Powers?
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Closer economic connections
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What were some of the ways that governments waged total war?
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Rationing, propaganda, all manufacturing for war
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27. How did the role of women change during wartime?
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Began to work in industries, previously worked by men
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Why did Russia withdraw from the war in 1917?
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Unable to keep up with the means of production, Revolution takes over and Lenin withdraws
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After Russia withdraws, what do the Germans try to do?
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Crush Paris, by moving all troops to western front
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Why aren't they successful?
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US troops arrive, in Europe
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When does WWI come to an end?
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Novemeber 11, 1918
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Please describe the legacy of WWI:
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8 million dead, treaty left people feeling bitter and failed to solve problems of war, planted seeds for future conflict
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Where did many nations meet to decide the fate of Germany?
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Berlin Conference
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Who were the big four?
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Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George, Orlando
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What was President Wilson's plan for a peace settlement?
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14 points
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What important organization would come from his plan?
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League of Nations
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What was the name of the treaty that would end WWI? Please describe the treaty.
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Treaty of Versailles, forced Germany to take guilt and pay reperations, lost territory and limited there treaty
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What did the treaty do to Germany? What did this and other treaties do to the geography of Europe?
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See number 37, it created several new nations
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Why is this peace considered a flawed peace?
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Because the treaty failed to solve many of the problems that forced ww1, and actually led to start of WW2
