Chapter 5: Cultural Geographies – Flashcards
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culture
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a shared set of meanings that are lived through the material and symbolic practices of everyday life.
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cultural geography
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focuses on the way in which space, place, and landscape shape culture at the same time that culture shapes space, place, and landscape.
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folk culture
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traditional practices of small groups, especially rural people with a simple lifestyle (compared with modern, urban people), such as the Amish in Pennsylvania or the Gypsies in Europe, who are seen to be homogeneous in their belief systems and practices.
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popular culture
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the practices and meaning systems produced by large groups of people whose norms and tastes are often heterogeneous and change frequently, often in response to commercial products.
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cultural landscape
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a characteristic and tangible outcome of the complex interactions btw a human group- with its own practices, preferences, values, and aspirations-and its natural environment.
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historical geography
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the geography of the past.
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Genre de vie
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a key concept in Vidal de la Blache's approach to cultural geography in France, referred to a functioning organized way of life that was seen to be characteristic of a particular culture group. centered on the livelihood practices of a group that were seen to shape physical, social, and psychological bonds.
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cultural trait
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a single aspect of the complex of routine practices that constitute a particular cultural group. dietary law for Muslims prohibits the consumption of pork.
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rites of passage
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ceremonial acts, customs, practices, or procedures that recognize key transitions in human life- birth, menstruation, and other markers of adulthood such as sexual awakening and marriage.
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cultural complex
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the combination of traits characteristic of a particular group. Avoidance of pork, the celebration of bar/bat mitzvah, constitute the cultural complex of Judaism.
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cultural region
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an area where certain cultural practices, beliefs, or values are more or less practiced by the majority of the inhabitants. Utah is considered to be a Mormon cultural region.
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cultural system
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includes traits, territorial affiliation, and shared history as well as other, more complex elements, such as language. Christianity unites all protestant religions, yet the practices of particular denominations vary.
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religion
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a belief system and a set of practices that recognizes the existence of a power higher than humans.
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diaspora
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a spatial dispersion of a previously homogeneous group.
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language
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a means of communicating ideas or feelings by means of a conventionalized system of signs, gestures, marks, or articulate vocal sounds.
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dialects
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regional variations in standard languages
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language family
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a collection of individual languages believed to be related in their prehistorical origin.
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language branch
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a collection of languages that possess a definite common origin but have split into individual languages.
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language group
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a collection of several individual languages that are part of a language branch, that share a common origin in the recent past, and have relatively similar grammar and vocabulary. spanish, french, portuguese, italian, romanian, and catalan are a language group, classified under the romance branch as part of the indo-european language family.
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cultural hearths
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the geographic origins or sources of innovations, ideas or ideologies.
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kinship
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normally thought of as a relationship based on blood, marriage, or adoption.
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tribe
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a form of social identity created by groups who share a set of ideas about collective loyalty and political action.
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cultural nationalism
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a effort to protect regional and national cultures from the homogenizing impact of globalization, especially from the penetrating influence of U.S. culture.
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Islam
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a Arabic term that mean's "submission," specifically submission to God's will.
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Muslim
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a member of the community of believers whose duty is obedience and submission to the will of God.
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hajj
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making at least one pilgrimage to Mecca if financially and physically able.
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Islamism
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an anticolonial, anti-imperial, and generally anticore political movement. resist modernization and secularization. not all muslims are islamists, although Islamism is the most militant movement w/in Islam today.
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jihad
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a sacred struggle. when this struggle is violently directed against the enemies of Islam, jihad is understood to be a holy war. but jihad can also be a sacred struggle to establish Islam as a universal religion through the conversation of nonbelievers. struggle of Shi'ite Muslims for social, political, and economic rights w/in Sunni-dominated Islamic states.
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sexuality
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a set of practices and idendities that a given culture considers related to each other and to those things it considers sexual acts and desires.
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ethnicity
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a socially created system of rules about who belongs to a particular group based upon actual or perceived commonalities, such as language or religion.
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race
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a problematic classification of human beings based on skin color and other physical characteristics.
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racialization
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the practice of creating unequal castes where whiteness is considered the norm or unexceptional.
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gender
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a category reflecting the social differences btw men and women.
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world music
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the musical genre defined largely in response to the sudden increase of non-English language recordings released in the UK and the US in the 1980s.
