Chapter 5 quiz – Flashcards with Answers
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A person's average body mass index (BMI) is the lowest between the ages of
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5 and 6
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Today's children could become the first generation in more than 100 years to have a shorter lifespan than their parents as a result of
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excessive weight and obesity
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Parents of a typical 5-year-old girl in America are MOST likely to say
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"Eat your dinner or no dessert"
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To ensure adequate nutrition and vitamin intake, what is recommended?
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Fresh food
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A common allergy for young children is
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food allergy
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One of the most common diseases of young children in developed nations is
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Tooth decay
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What proportion of all children under the age of 6 in the United States from tooth decay?
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1/3
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Sylvia wants to keep her son from getting cavities, so she lets him drink diet soda instead of regular soda. Her dentist tells her that strategy won't work because diet soda
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contains acid
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Preschoolers often have trouble trying their shoe laces because they have inadequate
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motor skills
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At what age does any specific diseases overtake accidents as a cause for human mortality?
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40
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Instead of accident prevention, health workers prefer the term
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injury control
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What is the leading cause of death among children between the ages of 1 and 4 years old?
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Drowning
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Which environmental substance has been shown to reduce intelligence and increase behavior problems in young children?
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lead
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The part if the brain where planning, language, and advanced thought occur is the
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prefrontal cortex
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The long band of nerve fibers hat connect the brain's hemispheres is
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corpus callosum
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A disorder that research has suggested may result from abnormal development of the corpus callosum is
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Autism
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About ___ percent of the people in Great Britain and the United States are left handed.
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10%
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The amygdala is a brain structure that registers
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both positive and negative emotions
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The increased activity of the amygdala is a reason that young children experience
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nightmares or phobias
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Stress can lead to weight gain since having too much cortisol in one's bloodstream has been associated with increased abdominal fat. Cortisol is the hormone released by the _____ when a person is stressed.
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hypothalamus
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By the age of 2, a child will typically have a vocabulary of _____ words; by the age of 6, a child will typically have a vocabulary of _____ words.
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500 words and 10000words
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Children typically understand the basics of grammar by the
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age of 2
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The structures, rules, and techniques used to communicate meaning in language are called
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grammar
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In 2010 in the United States, 21 percent of children spoke English at school and _____ at home.
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another language
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Four-year-old Graciela is a balanced bilingual, which means that she
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is fluent in two different languages.
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Most teacher-directed preschool programs stress
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Academics
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The goal of most teacher-directed preschools is
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Make children ready to learn in elementary
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In the United States, low-income children are offered a free preschool education through
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Fed gov
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An evaluation of Head Start found that benefits were MOST apparent for children
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Apparent in children with lowest family income living in rural areas and those with disabilities
