Biology Cell Study Sheet

- Both types of cells contain DNA,Cytoplasm,and cell membranes - Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells. - Do not have a nucleus - Despite their simplicity, they carry put every activity associated with living things - They grow, reproduce, respond to the environment etc.

- Always single celled organisms - Generally larger and more complexed than prokaryotic cells - Most eukaryotic cells contain dozens of structures and internal membranes, and many are highly specialized - Eukaryotes can be single-celled (protists) or multi cellular ( animals and plants )

- The fluid portion of a cell - Composed of: - Cytosol - a complex mixture of cytoskeleten filaments dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of the cell - Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins -Organelles

- In the same way that the main office controls a large factory, the nucleus is the control center of the cell - The nucleus contains nearly all the cells DNA and, with it, the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules.

- Membrane-enclosed sac-like structures that store water salts, and organic molecules.

- Small organelles filled with enzymes that break down large molecules and organelles that are no longer useful

- A network of protein filaments; it helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in movement

- Organelles made from tubulins; they help organize cell division in animal cells

- Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm of all cells; they produce proteins by following coded instruction from DNA

- An internal membrane system where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials

- An organelle that appears as a stack of flattened membranes; it modifies, sorts, and packages other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or release outside the cell

- Capture the energy from the sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis - Cells of plants and some other organisms contain chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyl

- Found in nearly all eukaryotic; they convert the chemical stored in food to usable