Key Terms, Names and Events CH. 26
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GI Bill
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1944 law creating benefits fro returning WWII veterans. Provided low cost mortgages, low interests loans to start businesses, 1 year unemployment and money for college tuition and living expenses.
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Baby Boom
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High rate of births following the return of veterans after the end of WWII.
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Sunbelt
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South and Southwest region of the United States. Many post WWII military related manufacturing jobs moved from the Rust Belt leading to increased migration to the area.
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Harry Truman
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President following FDR's death reelected in 1948. Lead US during end and peace transition of WWII. Leads US at start of Cold War. Wants to continue New Deal Polices with the Fair Deal. Integrated the armed forces.
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Committee on Civil Rights
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Created by President Truman in 1946 to investigate civil rights and propose ways to protect civil rights. Resulted in the desegregation of the armed forces and of federal gov't jobs.
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22nd Amendment
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Limit the number of terms a President can serve to two 4 year terms.
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Taft-Hartley Act
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Republican law reducing the growing power of unions to protect business interest.
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Fair Deal
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President Truman's domestic agenda. Health insurance for all, min. wage, and equal rights.
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Cold War
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War between USA (democratic) and USSR (communist) over the political ideals. Each country wanted to spread theirs. No direct fighting between the nations. 1945-1991
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Soviet Union
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Name of Russia after communist revolution. Enemy of United States during the Cold War.
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United Nations
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International peace organization created following WWII.
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Iron Curtain
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Symbolic name given to the division in Europe. Eastern European countries were communist satellite countries of the Soviet Union while Western Europe was more democratic.
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Communist Satellite Countries
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Buffer of communist countries in Eastern Europe controlled by the Soviet Union following WWII.
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Containment Policy
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Policy following WWII started by President Truman of preventing the spread of communism to non communist countries.
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Truman Doctrine
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Foreign Policy of President after WWII calling for economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from becoming communist.
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Korean War
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Economic aid given to Europe by the United States following WWII. Goal was to rebuild Western Europe and stop the spread of Communism.
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38th Parallel
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Cold War conflict when Soviet Union blocked allied routes into Berlin cutting it off from the democratic west in hopes of taking control of the city. Truman ordered planes to drop needed supplies into the city.
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Houses Unamerican Activities
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A defensive alliance against the Soviet Union (USSR) and its satellite states. Alliance includes USA, Canada and Western European nations.
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McCarthysium
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Communist.military dictator of the Soviet Union (USSR) starting in 1922 until his death in 1952.
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Rosenburg Case
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Cold War conflict between Communist North Korea supported by USSR and Democratic South Korea supported by USA. North Korea invaded South Korea to start the war and the war ends with neither country gaining territory and border stays at the 38th parallel
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Alger Hiss
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Line of altitude marked as the division/border of North and South Korea.
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Warsaw Pact
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Congressional committee created to investigate citizens suspected of being communist.
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Communism
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Names after Senator Joseph McCathy who accused people of being disloyal communist supporters with little or no evidence.
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Capitalism
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US citizen put to death after being convicted of committing espionage on the USA for the Soviet Union.
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Socialism
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Government official who was accused of espionage for the Soviet Union but was never convicted.
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Dwight Eisenhower
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Leader of allied Forces in Europe during WWII. Republican president after Truman. Believed in containment of Communism which lead to involvement in Vietnam.
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Richard Nixon
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Eisenhower's vice president became popular as a congressman during 2nd Red Scare. Seen as strongly anti-communist.
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Ho Chi Miah
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Leader of Communist revolutionaries in North Vietnam
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Fidel Castro
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Leader of Cuban communist revolution. Communist leader of Cuba.
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Modern Republicanism
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Created the national highway system costing the federal gov't 25 billion dollars. Created 41,000 miles of interstate highways.
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Highway Act 1956
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The willingness to go to the edge of nuclear war with the Soviet Union.
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Brickmanship
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Revolution in country causes the nation to be split between communism (North) and free (South). North supported by USSR and South supported by USA.
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Vietnam
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The belief started by Eisenhower if one country fell to communism they all would.
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Domino Theory
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Alliance between Australia, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, United Kingdom, and United sTates. Created 1954 to prevent the spread of Communism in Asia.
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Southeast Asian Treaty Organization
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Totalitarian military leader of the Soviet Union following Stalin's death. Lead USSR during start of the Cold War.
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Nikita Khrushcher
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Idea od having to buy new goods. \"Keeping up with the Joneses\"
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Corporate America
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America business takes off and creating many new white collar jobs.
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Beatrils
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Counter culture movement in the 1950s did not want to conform
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Military Industrial Complex
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Eisenhowers belied the US would e driven by the military business leaders.
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U-Z Incident
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US spy plane shot down over Soviet Union. US denied he is a spy. Eventually Gary Powers is exchanged fro Soviet Spy.
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NASA
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USA space program started in response to Sputnik.
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Sputnik
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1st satellite orbit the Earth. Built by soviets and causes great fear in the USA.
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
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Middle eastern countries who have allied to control oil process.
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Eisenhower Doctrine
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USA willing to give Middle Eastern countries economic and military aid who are threatened by communism. Must protect oils supply
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2nd ned scare
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Americans fear of communism spreading after WWII.
