Chapter 41 America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era, 1992-2004
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A separatist religious group that claims for itself exclusive knowledge of truth and a superior method of salvation over all other religious organizations
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Sect A
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Unauthorized or voluntary groups that employ military organization, methods, and equipment outside the official military system of command and organization
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Paramilitary
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The policy of promoting high tariff taxes on imported goods or services in order that domestic producers can sell at lower prices than foreign manufactures or service providers
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Protectionism
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Officially granted certificates for benefits of a particular kind, redeemable by a designated agency or service provider
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Vouchers
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From Latin America politics: a small armed group, usually military officers, who seize power and rule as a collective dictatorship
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Junta
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Relating to authoritarian or repressive government or institutional practices
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Autocratic
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T/F Bill Clinton's presentation of himself as a "new " Democrat was designed to emphasize his commitment to reversing past Democratic party positions on civil rights
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False
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T/F Clinton's ambitious reform goals suffered a severe setback when his health-care proposal failed to pass Congress
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True
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T/F After victory in the 1994 congressional elections, the militant conservatism of Speaker Newt Gingrich stumbled when it shut down the federal government for a time
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True
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T/F Clinton's liberal reforms put conservative Republicans on the defensive and led to substantial Democratic gains in the 1994 mid-term Congressional elections
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False
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T/F The Oklahoma City bombing of 1995 and the Columbine High School shooting of 1999 led to new public demands to toughen gun laws
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True
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T/F The struggling economy of the 1990s led President Clinton to support increased protectionism and restrictions on the export of American jobs overseas.
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False
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T/F The Clinton administration's major foreign policy success came in laying the groundwork for a peace settlement between Israelis and Palestinians in the Middle East.
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False
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T/F The two charges on which President Clinton was impeached and then acquitted were perjury before a grand jury and obstruction of justice.
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True
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T/F In the 2000 election, George W. Bush defeated Albert Gore in the Electoral College but not in the popular vote.
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True
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T/F The Supreme Court's majority ruling that settled the 2000 election controversy was based on the idea that Florida's hand counting of ballots violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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True
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T/F Once in office, President George W. Bush pursued strongly conservative policies on abortion, the environment, and taxes.
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True
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T/F Osama bin Laden, the mastermind of the September 11 terrorist attacks, was an Afghan Taliban leader who had originally fought the Soviet invasion of his country.
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False
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T/F The United Nations in 1993 declined to authorize the use of force against Iraq to compel compliance with its resolutions.
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True
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T/F The USA-Patriot Act passed in response to the September 11 authorized the detention and deportation of immigrants suspected of terrorism.
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True
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T/F In the cases of Gratz v. Bollinger and Grutter v. Bollinger, the Supreme Court banned numerical affirmative action university admissions policies but permitted more flexible approaches.
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True
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Bill Clinton defeated incumbent President Bush in 1992 by focusing especially on the issue of...
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the economy
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In 1992, businessman H. Ross Perot made the strongest showing of any third-party presidential candidate since Theodore Roosevelt by winning approximately _____ of the popular vote.
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twenty percent
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Two areas where President Clinton's initial attempts at liberal reform failed badly were...
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health care and gay rights
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Two areas where the first Clinton administration achieved the most success in domestic affairs was...
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gun control and deficit reduction
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The assault on the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, and the bombing of the Oklahoma City federal building were extreme, violent expressions of a growing 1990s atmosphere of...
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disillusionment with government and hostility to politicians.
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The new Republican congressional majority led by House Speaker Newt Gingrich caused a severe backlash in favor of President Clinton in 1995 when it...
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shut down the federal government for a time and proposed sending children on welfare to orphanages.
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Despite the great prosperity of the 1990s economy, President Clinton experienced controversy and strong opposition to his policy of...
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expanding global free trade and supporting the World Trade Organization.
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During the Clinton administration, American troops were deployed on military missions in all of the following countries...
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Somalia Haiti Serbia
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The Democratic minority's fundamental defense of the impeachment charges against President Clinton was that...
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Clinton's actions were personal failings that did not rise to the constitutional level of "high crimes and misdemeanors."
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The fundamental issue in the presidential election of 2000 was...
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whether to use projected budget surpluses for tax cuts or for debt reduction and Medicare.
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Victory in the 2000 presidential election was eventually awarded to George W. Bush...
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when the Supreme Court ruled in Bush's favor that Florida's hand counting of ballots was illegal
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One of George W. Bush's first vigorously conservative and nationalistic actions in office was to repudiate American participation in...
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the Kyoto Global Warming Treaty.
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The fundamentalist Islamic party that ruled Afghanistan and shielded Osama bin Laden prior to the September 11 attacks was...
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the Taliban.
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Which of the following was among the reasons offered by President George W. Bush for America's 1993 invasion of Iraq?
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Saddam Hussein's possession of weapons of mass destruction The idea that the creation of a peaceful, democratic Iraq would inspire hope and reform throughout the Middle East Possible Iraqi involvement in the September 11 attacks
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Which of the following was among the controversial Bush administration policies that led to increased polarization between supporters and opponents of the administration?
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Attorney General Ashcroft's zealous enforcement of the USA-Patriot Act Bush's strong anti-abortion policies Approaches to gay and lesbian rights
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"Centrist" Democratic organization that promoted Bill Clinton's candidacy as a "new" Democrat
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Democratic Leadership Council
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Shorthand phrase for compromise policy that emerged after Clinton's failed attempt to end ban on gays and lesbians in the military
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"don't ask, don't tell"
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Fundamentalist group whose compound in Waco, Texas, was assaulted by federal agents in 1993
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Branch Davidians
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Colorado high school where a deadly shooting in 1999 stirred a national movement against guns and gun violence
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Columbine High School
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Conservative campaign platform that led to a sweeping Republican victory in the 1994 mid-term elections
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"Contract with America"
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H. Ross Perot's third party that in 1996 received less than half the votes Perot had garnered in 1992
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Reform Party
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International trade organization that prompted strong protests from anti-global trade forces in Seattle, Washington in 1999
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World Trade Organization
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Caribbean nation where Clinton sent twenty thousand American troops to restore ousted President Jean-Bertrand Aristide to power
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Haiti
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Clinton Arkansas investment deal that spurred a federal special prosecutor and led to widespread investigations of his administration
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Whitewater Land Corporation
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Third party led by environmentalist Ralph Nader that took votes from Democratic presidential nominee Albert Gore in 2000 election
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Green Party
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Constitutional institution for choosing presidents that came under severe criticism after the 2000 popular vote winner failed to win the office
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Electoral College
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The other site of direct attack by terrorists on September 11, 2001, besides the twin towers of the World Trade Center
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Pentagon
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The international terrorist network headed by Osama bin Laden
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Al Qaeda
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Controversial law restricting civil liberties passed in the immediate aftermath of the September 11 attacks
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USA Patriot Act
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Iraqi prison where alleged American abuse of Iraqi prisoners inflamed anti-American sentiment in Iraq and beyond
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Abu Ghraib Prison
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Year? George W. Bush loses the popular vote but wins the presidency with a majority of the Electoral College
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2000
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Year? Republicans win a majority in the House of Representatives after Newt Gingrich promotes the strongly conservative "Contract with America."
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1994
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Year? Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton defeats incumbent President George H. W. Bush.
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1992
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Year? With authorization from the US Congress but not the United Nations, President George Bush launches a preemptive American invasion of Iraq.
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2002
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Year? Terrorists conduct the first major attack on American soil in two hundred years.
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September 11. 2001
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Young White House intern whose sexual affair with President Clinton led to his impeachment
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Monica Lewinsky
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President Clinton's loyal vice president who won the most popular votes but lost the election of 2000
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Al Gore
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George W. Bush's vice president who vigorously promoted conservative domestic policies and the invasion of Iraq
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Richard Cheney
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Texas billionaire who won nearly twenty percent of the popular vote as third-party candidate in 1992
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H. Ross Perot
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George W. Bush's controversial attorney general who sharply restricted civil liberties and detained or deported immigrants suspected of terrorism
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John Ashcroft
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Serbian president who conducted vicious "ethnic cleansing" campaigns and was eventually forced from office
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Slobodan Milosevic
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Son of a former president whose narrow election as president in 2000 did not prevent him from pursuing a strong conservative agenda in office
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George W. Bush
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The first "baby boomer" president who was the first Democrat elected to two full terms since Franklin Roosevelt
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William J. Clinton
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Long time Iraqi dictator who was overthrown by invading American armies in 2003
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Saddam Hussein
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First presidential spouse to be given major policy responsibilities and to win election to the US Senate
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Hillary Rodham Clinton
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Fiery Republican Speaker of the House who led his party to great victory in 1994 but resigned after Republican losses in 1998
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Newt Gingrich
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Wealthy Saudi Arabian exile who formed a global terrorist network that assaulted the US
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Osama bin Laden
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Moderate Republican senator who led the crusade for campaign finance reform but lost 2000 presidential nomination to George W. Bush
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John McClain
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1996 Republican presidential nominee who was soundly defeated by Bill Clinton
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Robert Dole
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Chief Justice of the US who presided at the impeachment trial of President Clinton
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William Rehnquist
