Question 1

Dr. Joan Goodman is studying how memory changes as people get older. She is most likely a(n) psychologist.

Accepted Answer

developmental

Question 2

In Piaget\'s stage of concrete operational intelligence, the child acquires an understanding of the principle of:

Accepted Answer

conservation

Question 3

Piaget held that egocentrism is characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

preoperational stage

Question 4

During which stage of cognitive development do children acquire object permanence?

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor

Question 5

The rooting reflex occurs when a:

Accepted Answer

newborn\'s cheek is touched.

Question 6

Harlow\'s studies of attachment in monkeys showed that

Accepted Answer

a cloth mother produced the greatest attach-ment response

Question 7

When psychologists discuss maturation, they a rereferring to stages of growth that are  notinfluenced by:

Accepted Answer

nurture.

Question 8

he developmental theorist who suggested that securely attached children develop an attitude of basic trust is

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Erikson

Question 9

Research findings on infant motor development care consistent with the idea that

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maturation of physical skills is relatively unaf-fected by experience

Question 10

According to Erikson, the central psychological challenges pertaining to adolescence, young adulthood, and middle age, respectively, are

Accepted Answer

identity formation; intimacy; generativity.

Question 11

In preconventional morality, the person:

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obeys to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards.

Question 12

Which of the following is correct?

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Early maturing boys are more popular andself-assured than boys who mature late

Question 13

A person\'s general ability to think abstractly iscalled intelligence. This ability generally with age

Accepted Answer

fluid; decreases

Question 14

Among the hallmarks of growing up are a boy\'s first ejaculation and a girl\'s first menstrual period, which also is called

Accepted Answer

menarche.

Question 15

An elderly person who can look back on life with satisfaction and reminisce with a sense of completion has attained Erikson\'s stage of

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integrity

Question 16

According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about abstract propositions is indicative of the stage of

Accepted Answer

formal operations.

Question 17

The cognitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to

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recall new information.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning the effects of aging is true?

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The aging process can be significantly affected by the individual\'s activity patterns.

Question 19

Longitudinal tests:

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study the same people at different times.

Question 20

The average age at which puberty begins is in boys; in girls, it is

Accepted Answer

13; 11

Question 21

After puberty, the self-concept usually becomes:

Accepted Answer

more positive in both boys and girls.

Question 22

Adolescence is marked by the onset of:

Accepted Answer

puberty.

Question 23

Of the following, which is a possible cause of dementia?

Accepted Answer

stroke   brain tumor  alcoholism  All of the above are possible causes

Question 24

The end of menstruation is called:

Accepted Answer

menopause.

Question 25

The popular idea that terminally ill and bereaved people go through predictable stages, such as denial, anger, and so forth:

Accepted Answer

is not supported by research studies

Question 26

Stranger anxiety develops soon after:

Accepted Answer

the concept of object permanence.

Question 27

Before Piaget, people were more likely to believe that

Accepted Answer

the child\'s mind is a miniature model of theadult\'s.

Question 28

Which is the correct sequence of stages in Piaget\'s theory of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete opera-tional, formal operation

Question 29

A child can be born a drug addict because:

Accepted Answer

drugs used by the mother will pass into thechild\'s bloodstream.

Question 30

A child whose mother drank heavily when shew as pregnant is at heightened risk of

Accepted Answer

being born with the physical and cognitive abnormalities of fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 31

Which is the correct order of stages of prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

zygote, embryo, fetus

Question 32

The term critical period refers to

Accepted Answer

a restricted time for learning.

Question 33

Which of the following was not  found by Harlow in socially deprived monkeys?

Accepted Answer

They showed abnormal physical develop-ment.

Question 34

Most people\'s earliest memories do not predate of age.

Accepted Answer

6 months

Question 35

Insecurely attached infants who are left by their mothers in an unfamiliar setting often will

Accepted Answer

be indifferent toward their mothers on theirreturn.

Question 36

Whose stage theory of moral development was based on how people reasoned about ethical dilemmas?

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is more appropriate than the longitudinalmethod for studying intellectual change overthe life span

Question 37

The social clock refers to:

Accepted Answer

typical ages for starting a career, marrying,and so on.

Question 38

To which of Kohlberg\'s levels would moral reasoning based on the existence of fundamental human rights pertain?

Accepted Answer

postconventional morality

Question 39

In Erikson\'s theory, individuals generally focus on developing during adolescence and then during young adulthood

Accepted Answer

identity; intimacy

Question 40

After menopause, most women:

Accepted Answer

feel a new sense of freedom.

Question 41

Notable achievements in fields such a sare often made by younger adults in their late twenties or early thirties, when intelligence is at its peak

Accepted Answer

mathematics; fluid

Question 42

After their grown children have left home, most couples experience:

Accepted Answer

greater happiness and enjoyment in their relationship

Question 43

Underlying Alzheimer\'s disease is a deterioration in neurons that produce

Accepted Answer

acetylcholine

Question 44

A person\'s accumulation of stored information,called intelligence, generally with age.

Accepted Answer

crystallized; increases

Question 45

In terms of incidence, susceptibility to short-term illnesses with age and susceptibility to long-term ailments with ag

Accepted Answer

decreases; increases

Question 46

Stage theories have been criticized because they fail to consider that development may be significantly affected by

Accepted Answer

variations in the social clock.  each individual\'s experiences.  each individual\'s historical and cultural set-ting.  all of the above

Question 47

Research on the American family indicates that:

Accepted Answer

fewer than 23 percent of unmarried adults, but nearly 40 percent of married adults, report being \"very happy\" with life.  the divorce rate is now one-half the marriagerate.  of those who divorce, 75 percent remarry.

Question 48

Compared to when he was younger, 4-year-oldAntonio is better able to empathize with his friend\'s feelings. This growing ability to take another\'s perspective indicates that Antonio is acquiring a

Accepted Answer

theory of mind.

Question 49

Calvin, who is trying to impress his psychology professor with his knowledge of infant motor development, asks why some infants learn to rollover before they lift their heads from a prone position, while others develop these skills in the opposite order. What should Calvin\'s professor conclude from this question

Accepted Answer

Calvin doesn\'t know what he\'s talking about.Although some infants reach these develop-mental milestones ahead of others, the order is the same for all infants

Question 50

Deborah is a mathematician and Willie is a philosopher. Considering their professions

Accepted Answer

Deborah will make her most significant career accomplishments at an earlier age than Williewill.

Question 51

Based on the text discussion of maturation and popularity, who among the following is probably the most popular sixth grader

Accepted Answer

Rob, the tallest, most physically mature boy inthe class

Question 52

As a child observes, liquid is transferred from a tall, thin tube into a short, wide jar. The child is asked if there is now less liquid in order to deter-mine if she has mastered

Accepted Answer

the concept of conservation.

Question 53

I am 14 months old and fearful of strangers. I am in Piaget\'s stage of cognitive development

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor

Question 54

I am 3 years old, can use language, and have trouble taking another person\'s perspective. I am in Piaget\'s stage of cognitive development

Accepted Answer

preoperational

Question 55

In Piaget\'s theory, conservation is to egocentrism as the stage is to the stage

Accepted Answer

concrete operational; preoperational

Question 56

Four-year-old Jamail has a younger sister. When asked if he has a sister, he is likely to answer; when asked if his sister has a brother, Jamail is likely to answer

Accepted Answer

yes; no

Question 57

In a 1998 movie, a young girl finds that a gaggle of geese follow her wherever she goes because she was the first \"object\" they saw after they were born. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

imprinting.

Question 58

Joshua and Ann Bishop have a 13-month-old boy.According to Erikson, the Bishops\' sensitive, loving care of their child contributes to

Accepted Answer

the child\'s sense of basic trust.

Question 59

Fourteen-year-old Cassandra feels freer and more open with her friends than with her family Knowing this is the case, Cassandra\'s parents should

Accepted Answer

be concerned, because deteriorating parent-teen relationships, such as this one, are oftenfollowed by a range of problem behaviors

Question 60

Thirteen-year-old Irene has no trouble defeating her 11-year-old brother at a detective game that requires following clues in order to deduce the perpetrator of a crime. How might Piaget explain Irene\'s superiority at the game

Accepted Answer

Being an adolescent, Irene is beginning todevelop abstract reasoning skills.

Question 61

Which of the following was  not mentioned in the text as a criticism of Kohlberg\'s theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

t does not account for the fact that the devel-opment of moral reasoning is culture-specific.

Question 62

Sixty-five-year-old Calvin cannot reason as well as he could when he was younger. More than likely, Calvin\'s intelligence has declined

Accepted Answer

they compare people who are not only differ-ent in age, but of different eras, education lev-els, and affluence

Question 63

Which statement illustrates cognitive development during the course of adult life?

Accepted Answer

Adults in their forties have better recall mem-ory than adults in their seventies.

Question 64

Given the text discussion of life satisfaction pat-terns, which of the following people is likely to report the greatest life satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

too little information to tell

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