question

A researcher who publishes the results of a case study might be most worried about violating which ethical principle of human experimentation

answer

confidentiality

question

Why is replication important to science?

answer

Repeated research with similar results increases confidence in the reliability of the original findings.

question

A correlation coefficient is a measure of the According to Emily's grandfather, Adolf Hitler's obvious emotional instability made it clear from the beginning days of his international conflicts that Germany would inevitably lose World War II. The grandfather's claim best illustrates

answer

direction and strength of the relationship between two variables.

question

According to Emily's grandfather, Adolf Hitler's obvious emotional instability made it clear from the beginning days of his international conflicts that Germany would inevitably lose World War II. The grandfather's claim best illustrates

answer

cynical.

question

Critical thinkers can best be described as

answer

cynical

question

Which of the following is most likely to inhibit critical thinking?

answer

overconfidence

question

Which of the following correlations between self-esteem and body weight would enable you to most accurately predict body weight from knowledge of level of self-esteem?

answer

+0.60

question

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. This best illustrates the use of a research method known as

answer

naturalistic observation.

question

Which measure of variation is most affected by extreme scores?

answer

mean

question

Dr. DeVries is interested in measuring how practice in problem solving affects this ability. The population of interest is high school seniors, and the sample consists of students who attend an exclusive college the following might best explain why Dr. DeVries may not be able to generalize his findings?practice in solving particular types of problems, while the other half does not. Both groups take the same problem-solving test. Which of preparatory school. Half of the sample receives

answer

His sample is not representative of the population.

question

To study the development of relationships, Dr. Rajiv carefully observed and recorded patterns of verbal and nonverbal behaviors among boys and girls in the school yard. Which research method did Dr. Rajiv employ?

answer

naturalistic observation

question

Which of the following researchers used the case study method, carefully observing one exceptional individual in depth to reach conclusions that might be true of all of us?

answer

Jean Piaget

question

To determine whether the strength of people's self-esteem is related to their income levels, researchers would most likely make use of

answer

correlational research.

question

Thinking that she had outperformed most of her classmates, Glenda was surprised to receive just an average grade on her psychology test. Glenda's experience best illustrates

answer

overconfidence

question

American males shake hands in greeting; Japanese men bow. However, people can communicate with a smile. What does this tell us about the role of culture in understanding our psychology?

answer

Culture shapes our behavior, but certain underlying processes guide people everywhere.

question

Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in order to distinguish between

answer

causes and effects.

question

The process of replication is most likely to be facilitated by

answer

operational definitions.

question

To exercise maximum control over the factors they are interested in studying, researchers engage in

answer

experimentation

question

Stanley Milgram designed his influential studies on obedience in response to thinking about the Holocaust. In their defense, Nazi war criminals said they had committed such atrocities against the Jews and others to because they were

answer

psychology is not value free; it affects what psychologists study.

question

To examine assumptions, discern hidden values, evaluate evidence, and assess conclusions is to engage in

answer

critical thinking.

question

During the last Central High School basketball game, the starting five players scored 11, 7, 21, 14, and 7 points, respectively. For this distribution of scores, the range is

answer

14

question

Click on the square that would represent the acceptance of the Null Hypothesis. Ho

answer

Experimenter thinks the results are not significant & Results are not significant

question

A research method in which an investigator manipulates factors that potentially produce a particular behavior is called

answer

experiment.

question

The belief that weather conditions signal the onset of arthritis pain best illustrates

answer

an illusory correlation.

question

Correlational research is most useful for purposes of

answer

prediction.

question

Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the strongest degree of relationship between two variables?

answer

none

question

Redelmeier and Tversky (1996) followed 18 patients with arthritis for 18 months. Patients were asked to record their pain and joint tenderness, while researchers documented changes in the weather. Nearly all associated with weather changes, when the actual correlation was near zero. These participants need to be reminded thatpatients believed that their condition was

answer

we are likely to recall instances that confirm our beliefs.

question

Dr. Donelian wants to reduce his students' perception that psychological experiments merely document the obvious. His best strategy would be to ask the students to

answer

personally engage in naturalistic observation.

question

Professional psychological associations require researchers to

answer

minimize infection, illness, and pain in animal subjects.

question

To study the effects of noise on worker productivity, researchers have one group of subjects work in a noisy room and a second group work in a quiet room. To ensure that any differences in the productivity of the noise levels to which the groups are exposed, the researchers would usetwo groups actually result from the different

answer

random assignment.

question

After noting that a majority of professional basketball players are African-American, Ervin concluded that African-Americans are better athletes than members of other racial groups. Ervin's conclusion best illustrates the danger of

answer

generalizing from vivid cases.

question

A majority of respondents in a national survey agreed that

answer

wording effects.

question

Researchers have found that men and women learn to walk at about the same age, experience the same sensations of light, and exhibit similar overall intelligence. These findings support the idea that

answer

the same underlying processes guide people everywhere.

question

Hypotheses are best described as

answer

predictions.

question

Six different high school students spent $10, $13, $2, $12, $13, and $4, respectively, on entertainment. The mode of this group's entertainment expenditures is

answer

$13.

question

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

answer

exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the outcome of past events.

question

Professor Smith told one class that alcohol consumption has been found to increase sexual desire. He informed another class that alcohol consumption has been found to reduce sexual appetite. The fact that they received best illustrates the power of neither class was surprised by the information

answer

the hindsight bias.

question

In which research method do we study one exceptional individual in depth and try to carefully draw conclusions about others based on the evidence?

answer

case study

question

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

answer

naturalistic observation.

question

Because she had a serious traffic accident on Friday the 13th of last month, Felicia is convinced that all Friday the 13ths will bring bad luck. Felicia's belief best illustrates

answer

illusory correlation.

question

To learn about the TV viewing habits of all the children attending Oakbridge School, Professor DeVries randomly selected and interviewed 50 of the school's students. In this instance, all the children attending the school are considered to be a(n)

answer

population.

question

Which research method is typically used to examine one participant in depth, usually because the individual's situation/behavior is rare or unusual?

answer

case study

question

Professor Delano suggests that because people are especially attracted to those who are good-looking, handsome men will be more successful than average-looking men in getting a job. The professor's prediction example of regarding employment success is an

answer

a hypothesis.

question

Basing decisions or conclusions on observable evidence describes which of the following?

answer

empirical approach

question

Replication involves

answer

repeating an earlier research study.

question

The IQ scores of the five members of the Duluth family are 100, 82, 104, 96, and 118. For this distribution of scores, the range is

answer

36

question

Alexandra is told that research supports the value of cosmetic surgery for boosting self-esteem. Belinda is told that the esteem-enhancing value of cosmetic surgery has been refuted by research. Both women sense. This best illustrates the power of would consider the findings to be common

answer

The hindsight bias

question

Participants in an experiment are said to be blind if they are uninformed about

answer

which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving.

question

Why would the median, rather than the mean, be the appropriate measure of central tendency in determining housing values in a particular community?

answer

The median is minimally affected by extreme scores.

question

The arithmetic average of a distribution of scores is the

answer

mean

question

In 1953, H.M. underwent surgery to control his seizures. Doctors removed tissue from the hippocampus. As a result H.M.'s memory was severely impaired. Psychologists studied H.M.'s memory function until his the psychologists utilize in this situation?death in 2008. Which research method did

answer

case study

question

The American Psychological Association and British Psychological Society have developed ethical principles urging investigators to

answer

explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.

question

To describe the behavior of animals in their native habitats, researchers are most likely to make use of

answer

naturalistic observation.

question

To provide a baseline against which they can evaluate the effects of a specific treatment, experimenters make use of a(n)

answer

control condition.

AP Psych Unit 2

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards