Question 1

A technique in which the person is rapidly and intensely exposed to fear-provoking situations or objects and prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response is:   modeling.   aversion therapy.   flooding.   systematic desensitization.

Accepted Answer

flooding.

Question 2

While treating a child with a fear of swimming, the therapist first approaches the water, then touches the water, then stands in the water waist-deep, and finally floats in the water. The therapist then repeats the steps with the child. This is an example of:   classical conditioning.   aversion therapy.   participant modeling.   reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

participant modeling.

Question 3

Kate is trying to quit smoking. Her therapist has her write out and sign a formal agreement that outlines goals, tasks, and penalties to help her change her behavior. It also outlines rewards she will receive as she meets each milestone. Kate has entered into a(n):   participant modeling scenario.   extinction therapy.   contingency contract.   token economy.

Accepted Answer

contingency contract.

Question 4

Lithium is a type of _____ drug.   antianxiety   mood stabilizing   antidepressant   antipsychotic

Accepted Answer

mood stabilizing

Question 5

Electroconvulsive therapy is still used to treat:   hallucinations.   phobias.   paranoia.   severe depression.

Accepted Answer

severe depression.

Question 6

Nora suffers from depression. Her doctor prescribes antidepressant medication. Her doctor is using _____ to treat her.   biological therapy   psychodynamic therapy   psychopharmacology   psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

psychopharmacology

Question 7

Rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) was developed by:   B. F. Skinner.   Albert Ellis.   Sigmund Freud.   Carl Rogers.

Accepted Answer

Albert Ellis.

Question 8

Daniel failed a math test. Upon receiving his grade, Daniel believed that he must be bad at math and therefore would fail the class, be unable to get into college, and would have to work in fast food for the rest of his life. Daniel is exhibiting:   selective thinking.   overgeneralization.   magnification and minimization.   arbitrary inference.

Accepted Answer

overgeneralization.

Question 9

The word _____ means \"a place of safety.\"   asylum   empathy   alliance   therapy

Accepted Answer

asylum

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true about self-help/support groups?   The leader of the group has the same problem as the rest of the group members.   A therapist leads the group meetings.   They are free.   They are formed around a particular problem such as alcoholism or drug abuse.

Accepted Answer

A therapist leads the group meetings.

Question 11

Which of the following is an advantage of group therapy?   the work of the therapist is essentially done by the other participants   the opportunity for the therapist and the client to observe how the client interacts with others   fostering confrontation for people to transfer their hostilities in a safe environment   forcing shy people to overcome their issues

Accepted Answer

the opportunity for the therapist and the client to observe how the client interacts with others

Question 12

An estimated _______ of people feel that psychotherapy has helped them.   75-90 percent   55-70 percent   15-25 percent   35-40 percent

Accepted Answer

75-90 percent

Question 13

______ is psychotherapy that is offered on the Internet.   Internet interpretational therapy   IP-centric therapy   Cybertherapy   Technological psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

Cybertherapy

Question 14

Which of the following is a danger of seeking psychological treatment over the Internet?   The long amounts of time a client spends on the computer causes an increase in personality disorders due to lack of interpersonal communication.   The lack of interpersonal communication causes a higher suicide rate for people seeking treatment online.   There is no guarantee that a cybertherapist has any credentials or training in psychotherapy.   The potential for identity theft increases.

Accepted Answer

There is no guarantee that a cybertherapist has any credentials or training in psychotherapy.

Question 15

Meredith tells her therapist, Dr. Shepherd, that her mother recently died and she\'s been experiencing suicidal thoughts. Dr. Shepherd responds by explaining that he can imagine that she must be feeling angry and abandoned. Dr. Shepherd is displaying ______, a key element in person-centered therapy.   authenticity   empathy   reflection   unconditional positive regard

Accepted Answer

empathy

Question 16

Gestalt therapy is a(n) _____ therapy perspective.   nondirective   archaic   averse   directive

Accepted Answer

directive

Question 17

Reflection is the technique the therapist must use:   to show genuine openness and honesty and treat the client in a nonjudgmental environment.   to ensure the client is treated in an atmosphere of love, warmth, respect, and affection.   to acknowledge what the clients are feeling and experiencing in order to project understanding.   to allow clients to have insights without the interference of the therapist\'s ideas.

Accepted Answer

to allow clients to have insights without the interference of the therapist\'s ideas.

Question 18

Dr. Aman treats individuals who have phobic disorders by having them relax, then instructing them to visualize the feared object while the intensity of the visualization is gradually increased. All the while, the clients maintain relaxation. Dr. Aman appears to be using the technique called ________.   flooding   aversion therapy   reflection   systematic desensitization

Accepted Answer

systematic desensitization

Question 19

As Kenya explained to her therapist the current problems and feelings with which she was dealing, her therapist simply responded by restating to Kenya what he had heard her say, allowing Kenya to gain insight into her own problems. Kenya\'s therapist was using which of the following techniques?   transference   authenticity   reflection   empathy

Accepted Answer

reflection

Question 20

Many modern-day psychoanalysts are much more _____ than Freud would have been.   cognitive   person-centered   nondirective   directive

Accepted Answer

directive

Question 21

Pam has a dream that she\'s in the grocery store and can\'t find her children. Her therapist uses this actual dream imagery, or ______ content to learn about issues that might be important to Pam. He will first have to take this actual dream scenario and interpret it for its underlying symbols.   transference   directive   manifest   latent

Accepted Answer

manifest

Question 22

In the Middle Ages, mental illness was thought to be caused by   demonic possession.   poor nutrition.   bacterial infections.   isolation during childhood.

Accepted Answer

demonic possession.

Question 23

Although psychologists have discovered both drug treatments and psychological treatments that are effective in treating anxiety disorders, drug treatments   are not as enduring in their effects as psychological treatments.   are more enduring in their effects than psychological treatments.   do not work as quickly in providing relief from anxiety.   can have fewer negative side effects than psychological treatments.

Accepted Answer

are not as enduring in their effects as psychological treatments.

Question 24

Which of the following types of therapy were introduced during the 1960s and 1970s?   humanistic and brain imaging therapies   humanistic and psychodynamic therapies   cognitive and psychoanalytic therapies   cognitive and behavioral therapies

Accepted Answer

cognitive and behavioral therapies

Question 25

In the mid-twentieth century, treatments such as _______________ and _______________ were used to treat severe, persistent mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and depression.   electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); lobotomies   burning; torture   brain imaging and anti-psychotic drugs   isolation; tranquilizer chairs

Accepted Answer

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); lobotomies

Question 26

In the 1950s, scientists discovered ______________, and over time, due to the effectiveness of this treatment, many institutionalized patients were released and treated on an outpatient basis.   anti-psychotic drugs   SSRIs   tranquilizer chairs   cognitive behavioral therapy

Accepted Answer

anti-psychotic drugs

Question 27

The success rate of therapy often depends on   the therapist\'s level of experience.   the number of times per week the individual attends sessions.   the individual\'s personality and how well they get along with their therapist.   whether the individual is willing to take medication as well as undergo therapy.

Accepted Answer

the individual\'s personality and how well they get along with their therapist.

Question 28

Which of the following therapies focuses on uncovering events, conflicts, and issues that have occurred during a person\'s childhood and may be causing conflict in the person\'s adult life?   behavior therapy   person-centered therapy   cognitive behavioral therapy   psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

psychoanalysis

Question 29

Humanistic, or person-centered, therapy is characterized by the belief that people   get better after they accept the fact that they must take appropriate medication.   have the ability to change their own mental well-being for the better.   can only get better with the full support of their family members.   can only get better if they submit completely to the therapist.

Accepted Answer

have the ability to change their own mental well-being for the better.

Question 30

Prescott has an irrational fear of spiders and has begun working with a therapist to conquer his phobia. His therapist begins a process of desensitization, continually exposing Prescott to spiders until his anxiety eventually lessens. This is an example of   humanistic therapy.   psychodynamic therapy.   behavior therapy.   psychoanalysis.

Accepted Answer

behavior therapy.

Question 31

Which of the following types of therapy focuses on unlearning negative thought patterns and making them more positive, essentially reframing how the individual perceives certain situations?   psychodynamic therapy   cognitive behavioral therapy   biomedical therapy   person-centered therapy

Accepted Answer

cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 32

Which of the following is true regarding the delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy?   Cognitive behavioral therapy can be delivered in any setting, but it is most effective in groups.   Cognitive behavioral therapy is only effective when delivered in a group setting.   Cognitive behavioral therapy is only effective when delivered in a one-on-one setting.   Cognitive behavioral therapy can be delivered in both one-on-one and group settings.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive behavioral therapy can be delivered in both one-on-one and group settings.

Question 33

Which of the following is a goal of cognitive behavioral therapy?   to help the client uncover repressed childhood traumas   to help the client find meaning in his or her life   to help the client learn how to respond differently to his or her emotions   to help the client cut out negative influences in his or her life

Accepted Answer

to help the client learn how to respond differently to his or her emotions

Question 34

Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on the interaction of   thoughts and repressed conflicts in the unconscious mind   culture, biology, and history.   thoughts, feelings (both emotions and physiological sensations), and behavior.   environment, genetics, and emotions.

Accepted Answer

thoughts, feelings (both emotions and physiological sensations), and behavior.

Question 35

Psychologists think that low _______________________ causes anxiety sensitivity, which can lead to anxiety disorders.   distress tolerance   desensitization   stress assimilation   testosterone

Accepted Answer

distress tolerance

Question 36

How might a psychologist help a patient become more comfortable with sensations associated with panic disorder, such as a racing heart?   by having the patient write down all of the sensations that scare him or her   by engaging the patients in exercises or situations that mimic the sensation, such as running in place, to demonstrate that the sensation is not actually dangerous   by hypnotizing the patient and suggesting that he or she no longer feels these sensations when anxious   by isolating patients and engaging in intense talk therapy until the patient is cured

Accepted Answer

by engaging the patients in exercises or situations that mimic the sensation, such as running in place, to demonstrate that the sensation is not actually dangerous

Question 37

Four areas to consider when evaluating whether or not someone needs professional help include distress, dysfunction, danger to themselves or others, and   delusion.   depression.   defense mechanisms.   deviance.

Accepted Answer

deviance.

Question 38

When considering distress as factor in deciding whether someone needs professional help, we should consider   how a person\'s friends and family perceive their behaviors.   how appropriate a person\'s emotional response is to a situation.   whether a person is going to harm him- or herself.   how often a person gets upset about certain situations.

Accepted Answer

how appropriate a person\'s emotional response is to a situation.

Question 39

Deviance refers to behavior that   falls well outside accepted social norms.   makes other people uncomfortable.   is different on a day-to-day basis.   is too rigid.

Accepted Answer

falls well outside accepted social norms.

Question 40

In general, where is the first place a college student should go to seek help for mental health issues on campus?   the campus counseling center   the dean of students   campus police   the admissions office

Accepted Answer

the campus counseling center

Question 41

_____________ relates to whether a person can maintain connections with family and friends and to how well the individual can participate in daily activities.   Distress   Deviance   Delusions   Dysfunction

Accepted Answer

Dysfunction

Question 42

Mentally ill people began to be confined to institutions called asylums in:

Accepted Answer

the mid-1500s

Question 43

Philippe Pinel became famous for:

Accepted Answer

demanding that the mentally ill be treated with kindness, personally unlocking the chains of inmates in France

Question 44

action therapy:

Accepted Answer

psychotherapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly

Question 45

insight therapies:

Accepted Answer

psychotherapies in which the main goal is helping people to gain insight with respect to their behavior, thoughts, and feelings

Question 46

manifest content:

Accepted Answer

the actual content of one\'s dream -based on Freud

Question 47

latent content

Accepted Answer

the symbolic or hidden meaning of dreams

Question 48

free association

Accepted Answer

Freudian technique in which a patient is encouraged to talk about anything that comes to mind without fear of negative evaluations

Question 49

resistance

Accepted Answer

occurs when a patient becomes reluctant to talk about a certain topic, either changing the subject or becoming silent

Question 50

transference:

Accepted Answer

the tendency for a patient or client to project positive or negative feelings for important people from the past onto the therapist

Question 51

Directive:

Accepted Answer

actively giving interpretations of a client\'s statements in therapy, even suggesting certain behavior or actions

Question 52

Person-centered therapy

Accepted Answer

a nondirective insight therapy in which the client does all the talking and the therapist listens -based on Carl Rogers

Question 53

nondirective:

Accepted Answer

therapeutic style in which the therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client, instead remaining a calm, nonjudgmental listener while the client talks

Question 54

Rogers four elements of Person-centered therapy

Accepted Answer

authenticity, unconditional positive regard, empathy reflection

Question 55

authenticity:

Accepted Answer

the genuine, open, and honest response of the therapist to the client

Question 56

unconditional positive regard:

Accepted Answer

the warmth, respect, and accepting atmosphere created by the therapist for the client in person-centered therapy

Question 57

empathy:

Accepted Answer

the ability of the therapist to understand the feelings of the client

Question 58

reflection:

Accepted Answer

the therapist restates what the client says rather than interpreting those statements

Question 59

Gestalt therapy:

Accepted Answer

form of directive insight therapy in which the therapist helps clients accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences, using leading questions and planned experiences such as role-playing

Question 60

Systematic desensitization:

Accepted Answer

behavioral technique used to treat phobias, in which a client is asked to make a list of ordered fears and taught to relax while concentrating on those fears

Question 61

Aversion therapy:

Accepted Answer

form of behavioral therapy in which an undesirable behavior is paired with an aversive stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior

Question 62

flooding:

Accepted Answer

technique for treating phobias and other stress disorders in which the person is rapidly and intensely exposed to the fearprovoking situation or object and prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response

Question 63

Exposure therapy:

Accepted Answer

behavioral techniques that introduce the client to situations (under carefully controlled conditions) that are related to their anxieties or fears

Question 64

Modeling:

Accepted Answer

learning through the observation and imitation of others

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