Reconstruction Answers – Flashcards
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freedmen
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men and women who had been slaves
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Reconstruction
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rebuilding of the South after the Civil War
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Ten Percent Plan
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Lincolns plan that allowed a southern state to form a new government after 10 percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States
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Ten Percent Plan
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Lincolns plan that allowed a southern state to form a new government after 10 percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States
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amnesty
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government pardon
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Wade-Davis Bill
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an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office to anyone who had volunteered to fight for the Confederacy
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Freedmens Bureau
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government agency founded during Reconstruction to help former slaves
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Thirteenth Amendment
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an 1865 amendment to the United States Constitution that bans slavery throughout the nation
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black codes
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Southern laws that severely limited the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
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Radical Republicans
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members of Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to ensure that freedmen received the right to vote
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Fourteenth Amendment
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An amendment to the United States Constitution that guarantees equal protection of the law and rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the USA, including former slaves.
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Radical Reconstruction
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period beginning in 1867, when the Republicans who had control in both houses of Congress, took charge of Reconstruction
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Reconstruction Act
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an 1867 law that threw out the southern state governments that had refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
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impeach
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to bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official
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Fifteenth Amendment
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Amendment to the United States Constitution that forbids any state to deny African Americans the right to vote because of race. All males 21+ can vote.
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scalawag
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white Southerner who supported the Republicans during Reconstruction
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carpetbagger
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uncomplimentary nick-name for a northerner who went to the South after the Civil War
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Ku Klux Klan
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secret society organized after the Civil War to reassert white supremacy by means of violence
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sharecropper
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person who rents a plot of land from another person and farms it in exchange for a share of the crop
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poll tax
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tax required before a person can vote
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literacy test
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examination to see if a person can read and write; used in the past to restrict voting rights
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grandfather clause
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law that excused a voter from a literacy test if his father or grandfather had been eligible to vote on January 1, 1867; kept freedmen from voting.
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segregation
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legal separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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an 1896 court case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public facilities was legal as long as the facilities were equal
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Homestead Act of 1862
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any citizen could occupy 160 acres of government land, if improvements were made to the land citizens would own the land after 5 years
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Morrill Act of 1862
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the government gave land to states, they could sell the land and use profit to fund public colleges
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Dawes Act of 1887
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tried to civilize Indians and make them more little settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture
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Dawes Act of 1887
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tried to civilize Indians and make them more little settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture
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Dawes Act of 1887
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tried to civilize Indians and make them more little settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture
