War of 1812 APUSH – Flashcards
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American handicaps
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Not militarily equipped, lacked funds, not united nation
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Handicap: lack of money
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no national bank: no loans, no foreign trade, wealthy NE opposed war(no financial or military support), no tariff revenue
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War of 1812
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"Mr. Madisons War
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War of 1812
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"Mr. Madisons War
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Hartford Convention
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condemned war and recommended amendments, discredited federalists
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New England support
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none, some even spoke of secession
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Ship: constitution
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led by Issac hull, beat British ships: Guerriere and Java "old Ironsides"
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Ships: The united states and Wasp
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Stephan Decatur, beat British ships: Macedonian and Frobis
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British naval strategy
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blockade coast, numerically outweighed US, brought foreign commerce to stand still
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Naval rally cry
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Dont give up the ship! : James Lawernce
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Strategy to capture Canada
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attack: lake Champlain, Niagara river, from Detroit: failed. Invaded and burned Toronto next year, 1814 seized ft. Erie, Abandoned plans
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Loss of Northeast
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British capture Detroit, with Indian allies capture ft Dearborn,
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Battle of lake Erie
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vessels in Erie, Oliver Hazard Perry fought British and defeated and fiercest naval battle, "We have met the enemy and they are ours"
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Battle of Thames
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US control of lake Erie; forced British to abandon Detroit, William Henry Harrison, pursed Indians and British, killed Tecumseh in battle, US won and regained Northeast
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Napoleans downfall
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1814
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British land strategy
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Lake Champlain, Chesapeake bay, New Orleans
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Battle of Lake Champlain
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American fleet: Thomas Macdonough, outmaneuvered and defeated British, 1814
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Burning of Washington
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poorly defended capital, retaliation for Toronto, fire to capitol buildings
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Attack on Baltimore
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US was ready to resist at ft McHenry: guarding harbor,
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Francis Scott Key
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Captive, wrote star spangled banner: attack on baltimore
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Battle of New Orleans
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2 weeks after treaty was signed, gulf of mexico, Indian fighter Andrew Jackson built barricade, 2,000 British casualties,
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Treaty of Ghent
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Restored boundaries, ended war, no say of impressment or violation to sea rights,
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Results of War of 1812
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Nationalism, showed world we could fight, earned respect, improved British relations, Rush-Bagot agreement, treaty of 1818, westward expansion, greater industrial growth
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Rush-Bagot Agreement
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1817, neither British nor America could keep warships on the great lakes
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Treaty of 1818
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fixed Canadian boundary, American fishing rights to coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland, Oregon for open settlement
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Spanish Florida
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Indians, pirates, smugglers, escaped after attacks there, 1818 Jackson invades. Monroe warns them to control it or they will take it, Spain sells for 5 million; we give up Texan claim
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Spanish independence
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colonial slave revolts started by Venezuela, everyone revolted but Haiti and Puerto Rico,
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Francisco Miranda
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first revolt v Spain
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Simon Bolivar
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"the liberator, George Washington of South America", from Venezuela, Bolivia named after him
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Jose de San Martin
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liberated Argentina, Chile, Peru
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Miguel Hidalgo
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priest, attempted to overthrow Spaniards, executed, "Father of Mexican Independence"
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Agustin de Iturbide
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independence of Mexico
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Europe
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hated democracy, allied to be able to suppress revolts,
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Spanish colonies
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US had profitable trade with them, sympathized
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Russian colonization
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start in Alaska into Oregon Country, 1821, Czar Alexander 1, pulled out after Monroe Doctrine
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Monroe Doctorine
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1823, America wasnt open to colonization by Europe
European interference would be seen as unfriendly
US wouldnt interfere with existing colonies
European interference would be seen as unfriendly
US wouldnt interfere with existing colonies
