FAU SYG1000 EXAM 1 – Flashcards

The ability to see the relationship between events in your personal life, and events in your society.

The study of human social life groups, and societies, focusing on the modern world.

The two-way process by which we shape our social world, and by with we are shaped by society.

Study of large social structures without referring to the interaction of individuals involved.

Study of interactions between individuals.

European origin of sociology, founded sociology, decided we need to study; Social static, & social dynamics.

European origin of sociology, feminist theory, rights of women and slaves. (abolitionist)

European origin of sociology, Social darwinism. (biologically inferior or culturally inferior)

European origin of sociology, Conflict theory (power struggle) Bourgeoisie & Proletariat.

Owns means of production, from Marx.

Sell labor for wages, from Marx.

European origin of sociology, Functionalism, book on suicide, studied preindustrial social vs. industrial. Mechanical Solidarity vs. Organic solidarity.

People are interdependent because they share values.

People are interdependent because they rely on each other economically.

European origin of sociology, Verstehen, putting yourself in someone else’s shoes.

Empathy, putting yourself in some else’s shoes.

American origin of sociology, From Chicago, social activists for poor, immigrants, and elderly.

American origin of sociology, Studied structure of black communities.

Invented by Durkheim, Macro; different parts of society are interconnected, just like the human body. So a change in one part will lead to a change in another. Optimistic.

Intended and recognized type of function.

Less recognized type of function.

Invented by Maarx, Macro; society experiences conflict everywhere, power and inequality, very critical.

Invented by Martineau, Macro; Gender inequality is built into social institutions, very critical, focuses on gender.

Micro; interactions between individuals are based on mutually understood symbols.

Also known as dramaturgy, Invented by Goffman, we change the way we act based on who we are around.

Another name for Impression management.

The 2 purposes of Sociological research:
1. To ___________ our __________ held beliefs.
2. To _________ solve ________ problems.

When scientists analyze their data on the basis of merit and they don’t let their personal biases affect their work.

Ways to increase objectivity:
1. Carefully _________ our research.
2. State our ____________ perspective.
3. Verifiability – ________ studies.

An event occurs in non-random predictable ways and one event leads to another.

An educated guess.

A change in one variable is associated with a change in another variable.

A _________ correlation changes in the SAME direction.

A __________ correlation changes in opposite directions.

A relationship is _________ when the relationship is actually caused by a third variable.

An event occurs as a result of several factors acting in combination.

When the researchers tries to control the variables, least common method in sociology.

Famous for prison experiment, social scientist.

A questionnaire, most common method in sociology. QUANTITATIVE, uses statistics.

Cases you draw from the population that you want to study.

Research that takes place in the natural setting. QUALITATIVE, small sample, no statistics. Also known as Ethnography.

Another name for field work.

When the researcher becomes a member of the group that they are studying, with or without telling the group.

Examine the media for messages.

You do not harm your participants.

Did studies on learning and behavior, (punishment) OBEDIENCE. Shock tests.

Ways to practice good ethics:
1. Get _________ for the study from IRB/ Human Subjects committee.
2. Informed ___________, and confidentiality.
2. ________ the participants, show them the results.

Material objects as well as patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that are passed on from generations among member of a society.

_________ culture is anything you can pick up from your senses.

_________ culture is beliefs, customs, norms, and values.

People living within a defined territory who share a common culture.

The study of the biological basis of human behavior. (Nature vs. Nurture)

Some of the criticisms of Sociobiology include:
1. Cerebral ________- which is the part of the brain that allows for abstract thinking.
2. Trouble explaining cultural diversity; if behavior was strictly defined by NATURE, we would see more ____________ in people.

Culture standards of appropriate behavior.

Rules that define appropriate and inappropriate behavior.

Customary ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving that lack moral overtones.

Norms of huge moral significance, disapproval if you don’t follow.

Formally enforced and defined.

Ways to promote conformity to norms. (rewards, punishments)

Guidelines we claim to accept.

Your cultures beliefs.

Principles we say we accept.

Actual behavioral patterns.

A group thats part of the dominant culture, but differs from it partially.

A subculture that is deliberately opposed to some aspect of the dominant culture.

When you judge others based on your own cultures standards.

Beliefs, values, and norms are not themselves right or wrongs, but rather they should be judges in their own cultures context.

Behaviors that are shared by all known cultures.

When cultures so the “Universals” in different ways.

Tend to develop more permanent societies, involved in primitive agriculture.

Raise animals for meat and milk.

Came about with the invention of the plow.

Hunter-gatherers, Horticulturalists, Pastoralists, and Agriculturalists are all apart of ______________ societies.

4 Main shifts to Industrial:
1. Simple _____ to advanced ______. (use once)
2. Substinence to ____________.
3. Together to ________ differentiation.
4. Religious to _________.

SAID THAT:
Pre-industrial characterized as:
Gemeinschaft – Community – characterized by strong family ties and intimate social relationships.
Industrial characterized as:
Gesellschaft – Society – characterized by weak family ties and less social relationships

Community – characterized by strong family ties and intimate social relationships, by Tonnies.

Indus Society – characterized by weak family ties and less social relationships, by Tonnies.

SAID THAT: MO
Pre-industrial characterized as:
Mechanical solidarity – people are interdependent because they share values.
Industrial characterized as:
Organic solidarity – people are interdependent because they rely on each other economically.

SAID THAT: FU
Pre-industrial characterized as:
Folk societies.
Industrial characterized as:
Urban societies.

Learning to participate in group life through acquisition of culture.

__________ is required to develop a “normal” human personality.

Socialization is positive because promotes stability and order.

Socialization can be negative because it tries to keep things the same.

Had the idea of Self-Concept, Looking glass self, and significant others.

Senses of self as an entity separate from other people.

Kids learn to judge themselves in terms of how they imagine others will react to them.

The people whose opinion of us matter the most.

Had the idea of I and Me, Role-Taking, and generalized other.

The idea the “I” is the spontaneous and creative par of one’s self. The “me” is the part of one’s self formed through socialization.

Take on the viewpoint of another individual and then you respond to yourself from that imagined viewpoint.

How we learn Role-Taking:
1. ______ stage, younger than 3, kids mimic the behavior of others without comprehending it.
2. _______ stage, between 3 and 6, kids take on the role of an individual one at a time.
3. ________ stage, 7 and up, kids take on the roles of several people at the same time.

The conception of the norms, values, and beliefs of your community or society. (your conscience)

Places in which residents are separated from the rest of society, cannot come and go freely.

Abandon your old way of life. (give up old norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.)

Adopt a new way of life. (adopt new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.)

Preparing yourself to learn new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.

Things that significantly influence you.

A position that you occupy in the social structure.

Statuses assigned at birth.

Statuses you earn in your lifetime.

all of your statuses you occupy.

The statuses that influence most areas of your life.

Rights and obligations attached to statuses.

When you are stressed out because the roles of one status clash another’s.

When you are stressed out because of ones statuses role.

Ways of handling conflict and strain:
1. __________ roles.
2. __________ roles. (give work to others)

The growth of world interdependence.

To combine several research methods in a single piece of research, using each to supplement and check on the others.

Argues that language influences our perception of the world.