question

a dialect is a ____ of language

answer

variation

question

no one speaks a language in its ___ form.

answer

purist

question

what will be used when nonevaluative comparisons are made when comparing dialects

answer

Mainstream english

question

What does the SLP need to know about the child's verbal and cultural backround

answer

-a language other than English -English as a second language acquired sometime after the acquisition of primary language -a dialectal variety of American English -a different form of english -how a child's non-english primary language and sound pattern characteristics differ from those of english -how the primary language affects learning of the second language -how to determine whether there is a speech sound disorder in the child's first language, the second language, or both

question

what are the most studied dialects in the USA

answer

african american english (AAE) spanish

question

what are some variations of american english

answer

northern eastern western southern ozark apalachian

question

what are the top 3 languages spoken by the limited english proficient students in mississippi

answer

spanish-60.40% vietnamese 18.80% choctaw 7.10%

question

what are the top 3 languages spoken by limited english proficient students in alabama

answer

spanish 74.70% vietnamese 5.80% korean 1.90%

question

what are the top 3 languages spoken by limited english proficient students in lousiana

answer

spanish 48.50% vietnamese 25.10% arabic 4.40%

question

is AAE a substandard dialect of english

answer

no, it is a variation

question

AAE is considered a ____

answer

social dialect

question

georaphically, AAE may have its origins in _____

answer

west africa

question

what is a simplified and limited system of verbal communication that develops out of necessity when 2 communities with no common language are forced by circumstances to communicate

answer

pidgin

question

what is a social dialect

answer

variety of speech associated with class or occupational group within a society

question

the use of certain characteristics of AAE may be dependent of _____

answer

socioeconomic status

question

what % of african american preschool children of low income families live in a large urban center and may speak AAE

answer

94-100%

question

older children in grade schools may speak _____

answer

MAE AAE

question

which phonological characteristic of AAE may be seen in all socioeconomic classes

answer

postvocalic /r/ such as sista

question

which phonological characteristic of AAE is uncommon in upper middle and upper SES

answer

substitution of /f/ for /th/

question

all consonants and vowels found in mainstream american english are also found in _____

answer

african american english

question

if the group was not ______, the test should not be used

answer

sampled in the standardization process

question

if the test doesn't give credit for dialect sensitive items, the clinician ____

answer

should

question

some commonly used tests may be biased and some may give credit if an item on the test is _______

answer

dialect sensitive

question

________ are not a basis to make a diagnosis because they are AAE features

answer

contrastive features

question

rest=res is contrastive or non contrastive

answer

contrastive

question

rest=ret is contrastive or non contrastive

answer

non contrastive

question

seymour and others also published the assessment instrument ____ and a screening test _____

answer

diagnostic evaluation of language variance-criterion referenced diagnostic evaluation of language variance-screening test

question

conversational speech and n oral reading sample work best in assessment for children who speak ____

answer

AAE

question

can we make a diagnosis of a disorder based on one test

answer

no

question

treatment context will be based on ________

answer

dialect spoken in the home

question

if a client faces problems because of speaking AAE in social, job, or other situations, then ______ might be appropriate

answer

acquiring MAE

question

one would be teaching ______ because a disorder does not exist

answer

an alternate set of speech skills

question

the phonological characteristics of native american languages are ____

answer

varied

question

use this to analyze and see progression of their speech sound production

answer

portfolio assessment

question

which test gives credit to the child if the item is dialect sensitive

answer

arizona articulation proficiency scale

question

what is dr. ida stockman's suggestion for assessment

answer

the clinician sample a child's ordinary or naturalistic language productions

question

treatment context will be based on ____

answer

the dialect spoken in the home

question

when combined with the results of other assessment procedures, the portfolio will help create what

answer

a more complete picture of the child's skills and limitations that need clinical attention

question

Stockman suggests that a _____ may be used in selecting treatment targets for african american children

answer

priority system

question

what should be the 1st targets for treatment in AA children according to Stockman

answer

phonemes whose pattern of production is the same in MAE and AAE should be the first set of targets in intervention

question

what should be the 2nd targets for treatment in AA children according to Stockman

answer

the phonemes the child does not produce or does not produce correctly within the patterns of AAE

question

the variables to consider before a treatment plan is developed for an AA child with properly diagnosed SSD include:

answer

1. the child is an AAE speaker or an MAE speaker 2. the child and the family expect mastery of speech sound patterns in AAE, MAE, or both 3. the educational demands suggest a particular treatment goal with which the caregivers agree

question

if a client faces problems because of speaking AAE in social, job, or other situations, then acquiring MAE might or might not be appropriate

answer

might

question

the phonological characteristics of Native American Languages are ____

answer

varied

question

it is a feature in AAE so it doesn't get counted wrong in assessment

answer

contrastive

question

what is the second target

answer

the words they don't normally produce with AAE

question

all native americans, no matter what language have ____

answer

glottal stops

question

how many vowels, diphthongs, and consonants are there in choctaw language

answer

9 vowels 2 diphthongs 16-17 consonants

question

what are some of the communication styles of Native American people

answer

-respect is highly valued, one way of signifying respect for another person is to avoid eye contact with that person by looking down -most children are taught that one learns more by listening and observing than by speaking -before they begin using words, some children communicate primarily by pointing and gesturing for a long period of time -Native American etiquette requires a lapse of time between the asking and answernng of a question. Some believe an immediate answer to a question implies that the question was not worth thinking about -children do not express opinions on certain subjects because they believe they first need to earn the right to express such opinions. -in many groups, it is considered inappropriate for a person to express strong feelings publicly

question

the clinician who does not speak the relevant language should act as the child's advocate and be a _____

answer

referral source

question

how do you assess a bilingual native american

answer

you assess both languages

question

what does the term hispanic mean

answer

a person whose primary language is a dialect of spanish belong to different ethnocultural groups

question

what is the growing term for spanish language that is now being used

answer

latino

question

the terms hispanic and latino can be used _____

answer

interchangeably

question

children whose primary language is spanish but who speak english as their second language may exhibit ____

answer

spanish phonological characteristics

question

how many vowels does the spanish language have

answer

`5

question

what are the spanish vowels

answer

i, E, u, o, a

question

how many consonants does the spanish language have

answer

18

question

what english consonants are absent in spanish

answer

v, th, th, z, 3

question

the consonants t and d are ___ and ___ in spanish compared to english

answer

dentalized and unaspirated in spanish

question

spanish has fewer consonants in _____ positions

answer

word final posiitons

question

what are the only consonants in the word final position in spanish

answer

s, n, r, l, d

question

which origin constitutes the largest group in the us

answer

latinos of mexican origin

question

what is the 2nd most common language in the us

answer

spanish

question

what language do you assess in

answer

both if they are bilingual

question

what if the clinician is not fluent in the language spoken

answer

they should have access to a professionally trained interpreter -should be familiar with dialect and clinical linguistics -need adequate training in response recording and scoring

question

normally developing infants of spanish background produce ___ syllables containing ___ and ____

answer

CV oral and nasal stops and front vowels

question

spanish speaking children master the basic five vowels by what age

answer

18 months

question

most spanish phonemes are mastered by what age

answer

4

question

dialectal features of the child's community may be evident by what age

answer

3

question

what are the phonological patterns of spanish that may still be evident by the end of preschool

answer

cluster reduction unstressed syllable deletion stridency deletion tap or trill deviations

question

which errors may be the most frequent in spanish speaking children

answer

o

question

spanish speaking children may exhibit _____ longer than english speaking children because of the generally longer words in spanish.

answer

unstressed syllable deletion

question

what are 2 spanish standardized tests

answer

-Spanish preschool articulation test -Assessment of phonological processes-spanish

question

Identify an English test sensitive to certain spanish patterns

answer

Fisher-Logemann Test of Articulation Competence

question

whay are some interference patterns in spanish and english

answer

you assess many spanish consonants are produced in the intervocalic positions.

question

identify the general guidelines on treating bilingual children

answer

-the clinician should treat phonological patterns exhibited with similar error rates in the 2 languages -the clinician should treat phonological patterns that are exhibited in the 2 languages with unequal frequency -the clinician should treat patterns that are evident in only 1 language

question

it is common knowledge that learning 2 languages may result in a ____ of the 2nd language

answer

dialectal variance

question

vietnamese is a ___, ___, and ___ langauge

answer

phonemic monosyllabic tonal language

question

vietnamese has ___ consonants and ___ vowels

answer

22 consonants 12 vowels

question

the final consonants in vietnamese can only be ___ or ___

answer

voiceless stop (p,t,k) or a nasal (n, ng)

question

The vietnamese language does not contain what

answer

consonantal clusters in word-final position

question

the phonological and articulation characteristics of english influenced by asian language is going to be ____

answer

varied

question

the main thing the SLP needs to keep in mind when assessing asian is to evaluate what

answer

evaluate phonological patterns according to patterns of their 1st language

question

where is the problem when assessing the phonological characteristics of english and asian

answer

how the phonological characteristics of asian and english differ What is not in the primary language but is in engliish is where the problem is

question

when looking at the theoretical and clinical issues for SLPs the acquisition of ______ and acquisition of a _____

answer

secondary dialect of the same language second language

question

what influences the acquisition of the 2nd dialect or language

answer

primary dialect or language

question

when looking at theoretical and clinical issues, research is lacking but we know that differences in speech sound patterns across the ___ and ____ have to be dealt with

answer

new and existing dialects and languages

question

how do you answer the question "does the second language acquisition result in a single or dual phonological system"

answer

it is difficult to answer because phonological systems are inferred and not research observed

question

we have to look at ____ bilingualism and ____ bilingualism

answer

simultaneous sequential

question

children simultaneously learn 2 languages do so at the ____ rate

answer

same

question

what kind of primary language phonological interference are evident in second language learners

answer

undifferentiation overdifferentiation substitution omission of phonemes

question

effects of the primary language on the second language include ________ the speech sound of a primary language influence the production of sounds in the second language

answer

interference or phonological approximation

question

is there a critical age for second language phonological acquisition

answer

thought to be between 18 months- years or up to the onset of puberty

question

learning with native-like phonological patterns can occur if learning begins before ___

answer

before 12

question

older persons can still master a second language still with phonological differences but no difference in _____

answer

grammatical or writing skills

question

theories on second language acquisition parallel those of _____

answer

first language acquisition

question

researchers disagree on how to explain what

answer

explain second language acquisition as well as on what should be explained

question

theories on second language acquisition include what

answer

nativists (chomsky) cognition interaction theories sociolinguistic

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