Review worksheet for chapter 11: Middle childhood – Flashcards
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What physical abilities emerge from age 6 to age 11?
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Muscles become steadily stronger, lung capacity expands. Because of this they can master almost any gross motor skill.
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How do childhood health habits affect adult health?
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2.) Because children learn and form habits at such a young age, it will most likely become a habit during adulthood which therefore affects their adult health. Example, bad eating habits.
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What are the main advantages and disadvantages of physical play during middle childhood?
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3.) Advantages: Better overall health, less obesity, appreciation of fair play, improved problem solving abilities, respect for teammates. Disadvantages: Injuries, loss of self-esteem as a result of criticism from team members/coaches, reinforcement of prejudices, increase in stress, and time taken away from academics.
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How do children benefit from physical education in school?
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4.) An increase in physical education/activity helps foster academic growth and development.
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How do SES, gender ,and culture affect after-school activities?
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5.) The cost/fees, time and transportation to and from sports affects students from an SES background. The culture and gender can determine what type of activities the student participates in.
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What are the national and cohort differences in childhood obesity?
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In the United States in 2005, 1/3 of children under age 18 were overweight, half of them were obese and 11 percent of those obese children were extremely obese. Twenty-eight percent of Canadian 2 to 17-year-olds were overweight, with increases particularly in middle childhood. (Pg 328
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Why does a thin 6-year-old not need to fatten up?
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Of any age group, 5- and 6-year-olds have the least body fat and lowest BMI. (Pg 328)
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What roles do nature and nurture play in childhood asthma?
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Asthma can be hereditary, but also, the environment, parents habits (such as smoking), and the weight (obese or not) of the child all can contribute to asthma. (Pg 330-331)
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What would be primary prevention for childhood obesity?
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Primary prevention requires changes in the entire society. So, the parents could move to an area that encourages more fresh air and exercise as well as living farther away from fast food areas. (Pg 331)
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Why does good tertiary prevention for childhood asthma not reach every child who needs it?
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Tertiary prevention includes the prompt use of injections and inhalers. So, sometimes these things are not easily accessible and they don't work as fast. (Pg 331)
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Why does quicker reaction time improve the ability to learn?
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Quicker reaction time aids advance planning and impulse control, which aid connections between parts of the brain. This allows child to learn faster and more efficiently.
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How do changes in brain functioning make it easier for a child to sit in a classroom?
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12. As children grow, their neurological advances allow them to use selective attention while in a classroom. They can focus on one particular task with extreme efficiency while blocking out other stimuli.
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When would a teacher give an aptitude test instead of an achievement test?
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13. A teacher might want to give an aptitude test to gauge the pace at which the students in his or her classroom can learn. This aids the teacher in planning his or her instruction.
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If the theory of multiple intelligences is correct, should IQ tests be discarded? Why or why not?
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14. Not necessarily. IQ tests do a good job at determining the potential of a person within the specific category it assesses. However, this test should not be accepted as the only assessment to determine the potential of a person's intelligence due to its limitations.
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Why are some intellectual abilities valued more than others? Give examples?
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15. Some intellectual abilities are valued more than others because of their perceived potential applications. For example, logical-mathematical intelligence may be valued more than intrapersonal because the former may have more obvious applications in the workforce.
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Should brain scans replace traditional intelligence tests? Why or why not?
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16. Not completely. Both have their pros and cons. IQ tests are obviously not as accurate as scanning the brain directly, and they measure only a specific category of intelligence. However, brain scans are not always accurate either because of their nature of only measuring the amount of brain activity. This may not be accurate for a child who uses many parts of his or her brain simultaneously and as a result has cut down the amount of brain activity for better efficiency.
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What would be normal child behavior in one culture but not in another?
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Opinion
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What examples illustrate the difference between multifinality and equifinality?
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18) Multifinalty: one cause, multiples final manifestations; overwhelming stress hormones in infancy can cause hypervigilancy or unusual calmness in childhood Equifinality: One symptom can have many causes; mute 6 year old may have autism, hearing problems or choose to be mute )
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Why is medication recommended for children with ADHD?
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19) Schoolwork suffers and can overall hinder progress academically and socially
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Why might parents ask a doctor to prescribe Ritalin for their child?
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20) Parent might think their child has ADHD
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Why is bipolar disorder hard to diagnose in children?
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21) Symptoms for bipolar and ADHD are similar mood swings may be more normal or some children than others
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What is the difference between bipolar disorder in children and in adults?
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22) 1/3 of children with bipolar disorder also have ADD (comorbid
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What specific learning disabilities are not recognized in the US currently?
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I could not find the specific answer, but the book talked about clumsiness being a sign of low kinesthetic intelligence and singing off key signals low musical intelligence.
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How could an adult have a learning disability that has never been diagnosed?
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24. Sometimes it worsens with adulthood/becomes more obvious. Also, the disability may be written off by teacher and parents for a variety of reasons, or the child could have learned to adapt.
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If a successful adult has high-functioning autism, what kind of profession and what sort of family life would you expect him or her to have?
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25. Speech close to normal, unusually intelligent in a specific area, impaired social interaction.
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Why does the frequency of some kinds of developmental psychopathology increase while that of others decreases?
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26. Diagnosis rate increases in schools with the right resources to help the student. New teratogens from immunizations/vaccinations, pesticides, cleansers, etc. Scientists don't know much more about why, but they are sure that it's nature and not nurture.
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What are the signs of autism spectrum disorders?
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27. Delayed language, impaired social response and unusual play
