question

are deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns (requires the 3 Ds) of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

answer

psychological disorders

question

what are the three requirements to be considered a psychological disorder

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deviant, distressful, dysfunctional

question

_____ behavior, is when a person's behavior is outside of what is considered to be normal behavior

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deviant

question

_____ behavior, is relevant to when (time period, past vs today) and where (country or location of society)

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normal

question

_____ behavior, is a behavior that is disturbing to someone (not necessarily to the person with the behavior)

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distressful

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_____ behavior, is disruptive to relationships and compromises a person's social life

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dysfunctional

question

a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

answer

ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder)

question

people with disorders in the middle ages were considered to be _____, this meant you were possessed by demons and place in an asylum tortured

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MAD

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_____ was the first advocate for humane treatment of people with behavior disorders

answer

Philippe Pinel

question

the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured

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medical model

question

An integrated approach toward psychological disorders that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

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biopsychosocial approach

question

The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders, does not give a cause.

answer

DSM

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_____ can cause change in the way we treat a person or how they act (bad), but is useful for professionals to communicate about a diagnosis (good).

answer

labeling

question

A legal status only, indicating that a person cannot be held responsible for his or her actions because of mental illness.

answer

Insanity

question

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

answer

anxiety disorder

question

a constant low level of anxiety for a longer period of time

answer

generalized anxiety disorder

question

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

answer

panic disorder

question

An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation, (not to be confused with an extreme fear)

answer

phobia

question

anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions

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OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder)

question

anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety and/or insomnia that lingers for > 4 weeks after a traumatic experience

answer

PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)

question

Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises

answer

post-traumatic growth

question

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

answer

mood disorders

question

sever mood disorder for an extended time with extreme symptoms

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major depressive order

question

referred to as mild chronic depression, is less severe and has fewer symptoms than major depression

answer

bysthymia

question

gloomy to debilitating feelings due to more darkness during winter

answer

season effect disorder

question

refers to the experience of being constantly tense and on guard.

answer

hypervigilant

question

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

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mania

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A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and depression and the overexcited state of mania.

answer

bipolar disorder

question

mood disturbance or a normal depressive reaction to a real world problem such as family loss

answer

normal depression

question

means "split mind", not to be confused with multiple-personality. shows itself in disorganized thinking, disturbed perception, and inappropriate emotions and actions

answer

schizophrenia

question

A condition characterized by irrationality and loss of contact with reality

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psychosis

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False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

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delusions

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Symptom of schizophrenia. Delusions (beliefs), word salad, and a breakdown in selective attention.

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disorganized thoughts

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False sensory experiences, such as seeing or hearing something that is not really present

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hallucinations

question

A schizophrenic person may laugh at the news of someone dying or show no emotions at all

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inappropriate actions

question

Schizophrenic behavior when there is a presence of inappropriate behaviors

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positive symptoms

question

schizophrenic behavior when there is an absence of appropriate behaviors

answer

negative symptoms

question

Schizophrenic subtype, preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations

answer

paranoid

question

Schizophrenic subtype, disorganized speech or behavior, or flat or inappropriate behavior

answer

disorganized

question

Schizophrenic subtype, immobility (or excessive purposeless movement), extreme negativism and parrot like repeating or another's speech or movements

answer

catatonic

question

Schizophrenic subtype, many varied symptoms

answer

undifferentiated

question

Schizophrenic subtype, withdrawal after hallucinations and delusions have disappeared

answer

residual

question

type of schizophrenia that is long and drawn out, recovery is doubtful

answer

chronic or process

question

type of schizophrenia that develops rapidly following a life stress-er recovery is more likely

answer

acute or reactive

question

Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.

answer

dissociative disorders

question

in which disorder is there an existence of two or more distinct personalities in the person, formerly called multiple personality disorder

answer

DID (dissociative identity disorder)

question

An eating disorder characterized by an obstinate and willful refusal to eat, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of being fat

answer

anorexia nervosa

question

An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.

answer

bulimia nervosa

question

Significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa.

answer

binge-eating disorder

question

Families of _____ patients have a higher than usual incidence of childhood obesity and negative self -evaluation.

answer

bulimia

question

Families of _____ patients tend to be competitive, high-achieving, and protective

answer

anorexia

question

mothers of girls with _____ tend to focus on their own weight and on their daughters' weight and appearance

answer

eating disorders

question

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning, extremely resistant to change

answer

personality disorders

question

A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.

answer

antisocial personality disorder

question

a cluster or type of personality disorder associated with avoidant personality disorder

answer

rejection or withdrawn

question

a cluster or type of personality disorder associated with emotionless disengagement or schizoid personality

answer

eccentric or odd

question

a cluster or type of personality disorder associated with attention getting or borderline personality

answer

dramatic or impulsive

question

An interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties or wants to achieve personal growth.

answer

psychotherapy

question

Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.

answer

biomedical therapy

question

An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

answer

eclectic approach

question

A lengthy insight therapy that was developed by Freud and aims at uncovering conflicts and unconscious impulses through special techniques, including free association, dream analysis, and transference.

answer

psychoanalysis

question

In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material; forgetting important details

answer

resistance

question

In psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

answer

interpretation

question

In psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

answer

transference

question

When the therapist begins to project their own unresolved issues onto the client

answer

counter transference

question

form of psychodyanamic treatment that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships and relationship skills (brief 12-16 sessions)

answer

Interpersonal psychotherapy

question

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight

answer

psychodynamic therapy

question

A variety of therapies which aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

answer

insight therapies

question

AKA humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth.

answer

client-centered therapy

question

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

answer

active listening

question

therapists listens without judging or interpreting and refrains from directing the client toward certain insights

answer

nondirective therapy

question

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.

answer

unconditional positive regard

question

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

answer

behavior therapy

question

A behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

answer

counterconditioning

question

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid

answer

exposure therapies

question

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

answer

systematic desensitization

question

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to visual simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

answer

virtual reality exposure therapy

question

A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

answer

aversive conditioning

question

A systematic approach to changing behavior through the application of the principles of conditioning.

answer

behavior modification

question

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a currency of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the currency for various privileges or treats.

answer

token economy

question

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

answer

cognitive therapy

question

a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions

answer

REBT (rational-emotive behavior therapy)

question

creator of Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

answer

Albert Ellis

question

current therapy of choice, a popular integrative therapy that combines _____ therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with _____ therapy (changing behavior)

answer

cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

The simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group, very powerful can also use peer pressure to advantage

answer

group therapy

question

therapy that treats the family as a system. views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

answer

family therapy

question

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

answer

meta-analysis

question

Clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

answer

evidence-based practice

question

The bond of confidence and mutual understanding established between therapist and client, which allows them to work together to solve the client's problems

answer

therapeutic alliance

question

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

answer

psychopharmacology

question

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder

answer

antipsychotic drugs

question

Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

answer

antianxiety drugs

question

Drugs used to treat depression; also increasingly prescribed for anxiety. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters

answer

antidepressant drugs

question

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

answer

ECT (electroconvulsive therapy)

question

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

answer

rTMS (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation)

question

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

answer

psychosurgery

question

a now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. the procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

answer

lobotomy

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