question

post secondary education

answer

educational purposes beyond high school; two to four year colleges or universities

question

phonemic awaremness

answer

identifying separating or manipulating sound units of spoken language

question

learning strategies curriculum

answer

instructional methods to help students read, comprehended, and study better by helping them organize and collect information strategically

question

mnemonics

answer

a learning strategy that promotes remembering of information by a associating the first letters of items in a list with a word, sentenced or picture

question

learning disabilities

answer

a condition that causes significant learning problems, most often related to reading and writing

question

heterogeneous

answer

exhibiting great variety, such as a wide range of strengths and abilities in a group

question

low acheivers

answer

all students who experience school failures and poor academic acheivment

question

curriculum based measurment

answer

a system of progress monitoring; evaluates performance frequently by collecting data directly on mastery of academic subjects being taught

question

process/product debate

answer

argument that either perceptual training or direct instruction was more effective for instruction

question

classifying

answer

a thinking sill; the ability to catergorize items or concepts by their common characteristics

question

chunking

answer

a thinking skill to aid memory and organizing information by groups or topics

question

assciating

answer

a thinking skill; the ability to see relationships among different concepts or knowledge bases

question

unexpected underachievement

answer

a defining characteristic of learning disabilities; poor school performance cannot be explained by other disabilities or limited potentials

question

reading/learning disability

answer

condition where a students learning disability is most significant

question

mathematical learning disabilities

answer

condition where a students learning disability is most significant in areas related to mathamatics

question

learning helplessness

answer

usually a result of repeated failure or excess i've control by others individuals become less willing to attempt tasks and less able to believe that their actions can result in scuess

question

restraint to treatment

answer

a defining characteristic of learning disabilities; validated methods typically applied ton general education settings are not adequate to bring about sufficient learning

question

attributions

answer

explanations that individuals give themselves for their successes or failures

question

sequencing

answer

a thinking skill; categorizing and putting items, facts, or ideas in order along various dimensions

question

social competence

answer

being able to understand social situations and respond appropriately in them

question

discrepancy formulas

answer

calculations used to determine the gap between a students achievement and her or his potential; used to identify students with learning disabilities

question

generalizing

answer

transferring learning from particular instances to other environments, people, times or events

question

response to intervention

answer

a multi tiered prereferral method of increasingly intensive interventions;

question

letter fluency

answer

Quickly reading and naming letters of the alphabet.

question

phonics

answer

The sounds represented by letters and letter-groups.

question

early intervening

answer

- Providing explicit and intensive instruction to all struggling students to prevent the compounding of learning problems.

question

peer tutoring

answer

students teaching each other

question

peers assisted learning strategies

answer

a validated method where in students coach each other to imporive academic learning; peer tutoring for reading and mathematics

question

advanced organizers

answer

a tactic that previews lecture and provides organizing structures to acquaint students with the content, its organization, and its importance before the lesson

question

self regulation

answer

managing one's own behaviors through goals setting, time management, self reinforcement, and other management techniques

question

self advocacy

answer

capacity to understand, ask for, and explain one's need for acomodations

question

the idea definition of emotional disturbance requires at least one of the characteristics to?

answer

persist over an extended period of time

question

an example of an externalizing behavioral problem is

answer

hyperactivity

question

which type of disorder is often under identified

answer

internalizing behaviors

question

children with emotional or behavioral disorders typically perform a very well academically, and only have deicits in the social areana

answer

false

question

which child is more likely to be referred and identified as having an emotional or behavioral disorder

answer

jamal, an african americna male

question

educators in Michigan are required by law to report suspected child abuse and neglect

answer

true

question

when using the intervention ladder, teachers hsould

answer

work up the ladder only after evaluation shows that milder interventions are ineffective

question

which of the following is NOT a typical outcome for students with emotional or behavioral disorders

answer

score higher on minimal competency tests but continue to fail courses

question

Jenifer has a conduct disorder which of the following is true

answer

educational accommodations are made for her thorough section 504 and ADA

question

one important premise of positive behavior support is

answer

prevention

question

ADHD is listed as a distinct disability category in IDEA 04

answer

false

question

ADHD first received government attention

answer

Americans with disabilities act

question

jimmy ray has ADHD he is eligible for services under IDEA

answer

if his condition adversely affects his eductional performance

question

commodity refers to coexisting disabilities

answer

true

question

approximately what percentage of children with ADHD also have a learning disability

answer

25

question

students with ADHD

answer

are often rejected by peers and tend to engage in solitary play

question

the cognitive abilities that enable the ability to plan, self regulate, and engage in goal directed behavior are referred to as

answer

executive functions

question

which of the following statements is true?

answer

to gain improvement in academics and behavior, students with adhd require a cobinations of behavioral and medical intervention

question

which statement about extended time in testing situations for students with ADHD is true?

answer

extended time does not significantly imporve students' scores

question

which person is the medical liasion between home, school and medical community for a student with ADHD ?

answer

the school nurse

question

students with learning disabilities appear quite simlilar to students who are low acheivers when reading skills are compaired

answer

false

question

the two areas most often affected by a learning disability are

answer

reading and math

question

discrepancy formulas are used to identify learning disabilities by a calculation that considers

answer

academic acheivement and potential

question

teh graduation rate for all students is 72 percent and for students with learning disabilities it is only 50 percent

answer

false

question

the situation where students do not believe in themselves and do not try to learn, resulting in a dependency on others, is referred to as

answer

learned helplessness

question

finding the relationships and connections that units of information possess is referred to as

answer

association

question

the ability to perceive and interpret social situations, generate appropriate social responses, and interact with others

answer

called social competence

question

___ is a research validated instructional method where students coach each other to improve their academic learning

answer

peer assisted learning strategies (PALS)

question

remembering the great lakes by associating them with homes is an example of

answer

a mnemonic

question

in order to collaboration to be effective

answer

individual students progress must be carefully monitored

question

augmented and alternative communication ACC devices are divided into two categories

answer

low and high tech

question

____ refer to abnormal spoken language production, characterized by unusual pitch, loudness, or quality of sounds.

answer

voice problems

question

what are three aspects of language?

answer

form, content, and use

question

____ is defined as what a speaker needs to know to ocmmuncate apporiprately

answer

communicative competence

question

the majority of students with ____ have aconcurrent language impairment that makes them vulnerable to academic learning problems

answer

learning disabilities

question

children who stutter have explicit underlying language deficiences in language knowledge or langauge capabilities

answer

false

question

jessica has a cleft palate. as aresult she is being fitted for a device that will create a closure between her oral and nasal cavities wehere the soft palate is missing or damaged.

answer

obturator

question

____ is the most important goal ofr students with speech or langauge impairments

answer

communcative competence

question

which of the following is not a typical pragmatic problem exhibited by children with language impairments?

answer

overly courteous behavior to peers

question

an example of an AAC device is a communcation board

answer

true

question

communication signals

answer

a variety of nonverbal cues that announce some

question

communication symbols

answer

voice, letters of the alphabet, or gestures used to send communication messages.

question

communication

answer

the transfer of knowledge, ideas, opinions, and feelings.

question

language

answer

rule-based method used for communication

question

speech

answer

the vocal production of language.

question

respiratory system

answer

the system of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide

question

vibrating system

answer

the orderly function of the larynx and vocal folds to vibrate and produce sounds and pitch.

question

resonating system

answer

oral and nasal cavities where speech sounds are formed

question

speech mechanisms

answer

the various parts of the body( tongue, lips, teeth, mandible, and palate)required for oral speech.

question

speech impairments

answer

abnormal speech that is unintelligible, is unpleasant, or interferes with communication.

question

languages impairments

answer

difficulty or inability to master the various systems of rules in language, which then interferes with communication

question

voice problems

answer

an abnormal spoken language production, characterized by unusual pitch, loudness, or quality of sounds

question

pitch

answer

an aspect of voice; its perceived high or low sound quality.

question

loudness

answer

an aspect of voice, referring to the intensity of the sound produced while speaking.

question

articluation problems

answer

abnormal production of speech sounds

question

fluency problems

answer

hesitations or repetitions of sounds or words that interrupt a person s flow of speech; stuttering is an example; a speech impairment.

question

stuttering

answer

the lack of fluency in an individual s speech pattern, often characterized by hesitations or repetitions of sounds or words; a speech impairment.

question

dysfluencies

answer

aspects of speech that interrupt the pattern of speech; also known as fluency problems.

question

form

answer

the rule system of language; includes phonology, morphology, and syntax.

question

phonology

answer

; the rules within a language used to govern the combination of speech sounds to form words and sentences

question

morphology

answer

rules that govern the parts of words that form the basic elements of their meanings and structure

question

syntax

answer

rules that govern word endings and order of words in phrases and sentences.

question

content

answer

an aspect of language that governs the intent and meaning of the message delivered in a communication

question

sematics

answer

the system within a language that governs content, intent, and meanings of spoken and written language

question

use

answer

an aspect of language; applying language appropriately.

question

pragmatics

answer

the understanding of an objects purpose or function

question

communicative competence

answer

proficiency in all aspects of communication in social and learning situations.

question

cleft palate

answer

an opening in the roof of the mouth, causing too much air to pass through the nasal cavity, resulting in a speech impairment

question

otitis media

answer

middle ear infection that can interrupt normal language development.

question

lanaguage delay

answer

slowed development of language skills, may or may not result in language impairments.

question

langauge differences

answer

emerging second language acquisition or nonstandard English

question

content enhancment strategies

answer

; methods to help students organize and remember important concepts.

question

obturator

answer

a device that creates a closure between the oral and nasal cavities when the soft palate is missing or damaged; helps compensate for a cleft palate.

question

augmentative and alternative communcation devices

answer

assistive technology devices that helps individuals communicate, including devices that actually produce sound.

question

speech synthesizers

answer

assistive technology devices that create voice

question

speech/language pathologist

answer

A professional who diagnoses and treats speech or language impairments: a related services provider

question

communcations disorder

answer

disorders in speech, language, or hearing that impair communication

question

phonological awareness

answer

; understanding, identifying, and applying sound-symbol relationships (letter sounds, rhyming.)

question

dialects

answer

words and pronunciation from a geographic region or ethnic group, different from those of standard language.

question

cleft lip

answer

congenital condition where the upper lip is not formed or connected properly to allow for correct articulation or sounds, resulting in speech impairment

question

dynamic assessment

answer

assessment process used by SLPs to determine the potential effectiveness of difference language interventions.

question

resistant to treatment

answer

not learning through validated methods typically applied in general education settings and therefore in need of more intensive and sustained explicit instruction.

question

explicit instruction

answer

direct teaching of the specific skills that make up the instructional target.

question

graphic organizers

answer

visual aides used to help students organize, understand, and remember academic content.

question

language sensitive enviorments

answer

classrooms that encourage, foster, and support language development.

question

communcation boards

answer

low-tech assistive technology devices that display pictures or words that the individual can point to in order to communicate

question

high tech devices

answer

complex assistive technology devices hat use computers

question

low tech devices

answer

simple assistive technology devices such as communications boards.

question

ADHD

answer

a condition characterized by hyperactivity, implusivity, and inattention; included in the other health impairments category

question

comorbidity

answer

coexisting disabilities

question

inattention

answer

inability to pay attention or focus

question

hyper activity

answer

impaired ability to sit or concentrate for a long period of time

question

impulsivly impaired

answer

ability to control one's behavior

question

executive functions

answer

higher order cognitive functions that influence the ability to plan, self regulate, and engage in goal directed behavior

question

school nurse

answer

related services profesional providing medical services at school

question

self managment or self regulate

answer

includes many techniques that the invidual or in combination, to midify her or his won behavior or academic performance

question

self monitoring

answer

keeping a record of one's own performance

question

self instrution or self talk

answer

self induced statements to assist in self regulation

question

goal setting

answer

determining desired behavior and the criteria that will mark its attainment

question

self reinformcement

answer

awarding self selected reinforcers or reward to oneself contigent on meeting self selected criteria

question

emotional or behavioral disorders

answer

a disability characterized by behavoral or emotional repsonese that are very different from all norms and referent groups and have adverse effects on educational performances

question

emotional disturbances

answer

the term usedin IDEA 04 for emotional or behavioral disorders

question

externalizing behaviors

answer

behaviors directed toward others

question

socially maladjusted

answer

a term applied to a students who do not act within socialty norms but who are not considered to have eomotional or behavioral disorders

question

conduct disorders

answer

a psychiatric term describing externalizing, acting out behaviors

question

internalizing behaviors

answer

behaviors directed inward

question

anorexia

answer

intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image, chronic abuse or refusal of appetite for food causing severe weight loss

question

bulimia

answer

chronically causing oneself to vomit or otherwise remove food to limit weight gain

question

depression

answer

a state of despair and dejected mood

question

anxiety disorder

answer

conditions causing painful uneasiness, emotional tenison and emotional confusion

question

schizophrenia

answer

a disorder, rare in children, that inlucdes bizarre delusions and dissociation with reality

question

fuctional assemsent

answer

a process in which interviews, observations and environmental manipulations are conducted to determine why certain behaviors occur

question

intervention ladder

answer

a hierarchy of disciplinary tactics organized from the least intrusive and least complex to the most intrusive and most complicated

question

wrap around servieccs

answer

a service delivery model in which needs are met through collaboration of many agencies and systems

question

positive behavior support

answer

a three tiered model of support offering progressively more intensive level of intervention

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