asvab general science – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
arthropods
answer
invertebrates with segmented bodies and jointed legs
question
monera
answer
most primitive kingdom; organisms are prokaryotic; includes bacteria
question
chordata
answer
vertebrates animals; includes man
question
fiber
answer
provides bulk w/c allows the large intestine to carry away waste matter
question
arteries
answer
carry blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
question
veins
answer
carry blood back to heart from the cappilaries
question
cappilaries
answer
permit the exchange of materials between the blood & the body's cells
question
platelets
answer
cell fragment that allow blood to clot
question
lipase
answer
changes fats to glycerol and fatty acids
question
pancreatic amylase
answer
breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple sugar; helps digest starchy foods
question
trypsin
answer
converts polypeptides into amino acid
question
bile
answer
produced by the liver aids in the physical digestion of emulsifying fat
question
cerebellum
answer
concerned with the mascular coordination of the brain
question
medulla
answer
connection between the brain and the spinal cord; controls involuntary actions
question
spinal cord
answer
carry impulses; control center for many simple reflexes
question
somatic nervous system
answer
part of the peripheral nervous system; sending sensory information; controls voluntary actions
question
autonomic nervous system
answer
part of the peripheral nervous system; regulates involuntary activities
question
meiosis
answer
process by which gametes are created
question
protista
answer
simplest eukaryotes (cells have nuclei) ex: slime, water slime molds
question
fungi
answer
decomposers (saprothrops) ; includes mushrooms
question
ecology
answer
study of interrelationships between organisms & their physical surroundings
question
biosphere
answer
zone of planet earth where life naturally occurs, including land, water & air
question
biome
answer
species bound together by similar climate, vegetation & animal life
question
ecosystem
answer
system made up of a community of animals, plants as well as the non-living
question
geology
answer
deals with the history and composition of the earth and its life
question
outer core
answer
2,300 km thick liquid
question
inner core
answer
1,200 km radius solid
question
richter scale
answer
use to measure the intensity of the earthquake
question
igneous rock
answer
formed from hardening of molten rock or magma, w/c is called lava when reaches the surface of the earth ex: granite, pumice, basalt, obsidian
question
sedimentary rock
answer
formed by sedimentation or gradual depositing of small bits of rock, clay & other materials ex: shale, sandstone, gypsum, dolomite, coal
question
metamorphic rock
answer
formed when existing rock material is altered through temperature, pressure, or chemical processes ex: marble, slate, gneiss, quartzite
question
precambrian eon
answer
period before the fossil record began
question
meteorology
answer
study of weather, atmosphere, & atmospheric phenomena
question
troposphere
answer
lowest level of the atmosphere where all weather takes place. here found the 79% nitrogen & 21% oxygen
question
stratosphere
answer
above troposphere and jet stream where airflow is mostly horizontal; here found the ozone layer; 60 degrees celcius
question
ozone layer
answer
absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun
question
mesosphere
answer
above the stratosphere where we see "falling stars", meteors that fall to the earth & burn up in the atmosphere; 90 degrees celcius
question
thermosphere
answer
outermost layer of the earth; above mesosphere; 2000 degrees celcius at its upper limit
question
sun
answer
classified as a "G2V star" or "yellow dwarf"
question
asteroids
answer
a.k.a. "meteoroids", when they fall into the earth's gravitational field, they are seen as falling stars called "meteors"
question
comets
answer
sometimes called dirty snowballs or icy mudballs
question
volume
answer
measurement of three-dimensional space
question
physics
answer
deals with the properties, changes & interactions of matter & energy
question
work
answer
force exerted on an object times the distance moved in the direction of the force
question
newton
answer
unit of force
question
joule
answer
unit of work
question
power
answer
rate at which work is performed
question
watt
answer
unit of power
question
newton's first law of motion
answer
an object at rest tends to stay at rest, an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
question
friction
answer
force that resists relative motion between two bodies in contact
question
newton's second law of motion
answer
"law of inertia" the greater the mass, the greater the force needed to overcome its inertia
question
newtons' third law of motion
answer
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
question
newton's law of gravitation
answer
all objects in the universe attract each other w/an equal force that varies directly as a product of their masses. this force is known as "gravity"
question
sound waves
answer
produced when an object vibrates, disturbing the medium around it
question
doppler effect
answer
occurs when either the source of the sound waves, the listener, or both are moving
question
gamma rays
answer
most active radiant energy
question
refractive index
answer
ratio by which light is slowed down
question
law of reflection
answer
angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
question
concave mirror
answer
converging mirror
question
convex mirror
answer
diverging mirror
question
concave lens
answer
one that is thicker on the edges than it is in the middle; also called "diverging lens"
question
convex lens
answer
one that is thicker in the middle than on the edges; also called "converging lens"
question
conduction
answer
simplest method of heat transfer; it is accomplished by direct contact such as placing your finger on a hot iron
question
convection
answer
transfer of heat unevenly in a liquid or gas, lowering the density of the heated liquid or gas, w/c causes it to rise & the cooler liquid or gas to fall
question
radiation
answer
occurs when electromagnetic waves transmit heat, the heat we get from the sun is called like this
question
element
answer
a substance that cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary chemical methods
question
atom
answer
smallest component of an element that still retains the properties of the element
question
molecule
answer
smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist in the free state & still retains the characteristic of an element or compound
question
acid
answer
substance that gives up positively charged hydrogen ions(H+) when dissolved in water ex: vinegar, lemon juice
question
base
answer
substance that gives up negative charged hydroxyl ions(OH-) when dissolved in water. tastes bitter ex: soap, baking soda
question
pH
answer
number from 0 to 14. less than 7 are "acidic" greater then 7 are "basic"
question
sublimation
answer
the process by which a solid converts directly into a gas; example of endothermic change
question
heat
answer
can be described as a from of energy
question
silver
answer
best conductor of heat
question
group
answer
in the periodic elements, it defines the number of outer electrons found in the atoms of its element
question
cold front
answer
when a cold air mass meets and replaces the warm air mass
question
alveoli
answer
this is where the blood receives oxygen during the process of respiration
question
cellulose
answer
main difference between plant and animal cell, component of the cell wall of plants
question
lithosphere
answer
where you can find 30 plates of continental landmasses, a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust
question
ionosphere
answer
The lower part of the thermosphere, where electrically charged particles called ions are found. thin layer of ozone that reflects
question
27 1/2 days
answer
moon completes an entire revolution around the earth
question
point of absolute zero
answer
coldest point at w/c all matter stop moving
question
decomposition
answer
occurs when hydrogen peroxide is broken down into separate elements
question
halley's comet
answer
composed mostly of ice & rocks
question
biofact
answer
object found at an archaeological site signifying that it was once a living organism
question
tundra
answer
coldest; has treeless plains as the ground is frozen
question
taiga
answer
below the tundra; it has short & moist summer but long & dry winter; mostly evergreen trees can survive in this climate
question
deciduous forests
answer
have a moderate climate where tress shed their leaves every year
question
grasslands
answer
more grass than tress beacuse rainfall is not enough
question
tropical rainforests
answer
located near the equator when the sun strikes directly; it has a lots of rainfall; trees have thick leaves
question
marine
answer
aquatic environment is the largest biome; covers 3/4 of the entire earth
question
phylum porifera
answer
(sponges) porous marine animals that lack a bony structure
question
phylum coelanterata
answer
more complex than sponges; ex: jellyfish, coral
question
phylum platyhelminthes
answer
(flatworms) have organs:; ex: tapeworm
question
phylum nematoda
answer
(roundworms) parasites that contain digestive tracts with two openings ex: hookworm
question
phylum annelida
answer
long, round & segmented; ex: earthworm
question
phylum mollusca
answer
(mollusks) soft-bodied animals protected by a hard covering
question
phylum echinodermata
answer
spiny marine animals that have five or more legs branching out into radial symmetry; ex: starfish
question
systolic
answer
contraction stage
question
diastolic
answer
rest stage
question
pulmonary artery
answer
the only artery that doesnt carry oxygenated blood
question
diffusion
answer
happens when oxygen and nutrients are transferred from the blood tothe cells
question
estrogen
answer
produced by the ovaries
question
light year
answer
used to measure distance
question
magnifying lens
answer
you can use this to start a fire with the aid of the sun
question
alcohol
answer
substance that is readily absorbed through the walls of the stomach
question
methane
answer
what will be loss if the aeration of water will produced
question
CO2
answer
correct formula for dry ice
question
renal system
answer
urine system; responsible for filtering out impurities from the blood & excreting them
question
refraction
answer
the bending of a wave caused by a change in its speed as it moves from one medium to another
question
nucleotides
answer
smaller parts of nucleic acid
question
commensalism
answer
the relation between two different kinds of organisms when one receives benefits from the other without damaging it
question
angiosperm
answer
produces flowers
question
catalysts
answer
substance that hasten chemical reaction time without themselves undergoing change
question
anemometer
answer
measures the wind speed
question
endocrine system
answer
responsible for releasing hormones into the blood stream
