Med Term Ch. 9 – Flashcards
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Nephr/o
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Kidneys
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Ren/o
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Kidneys
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Pyel/o
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Renal Pelvis
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Ur/o
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Urine
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urin/o
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Urine
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ureter/o
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Ureters
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Cyst/o
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Urinary Bladder
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Urethro/o
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Urethra
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Prostat/o0
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Prostate
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-cele
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Hernia, tumor, swelling
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
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dia-
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through, between, apart, complete
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-ectasis
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stretching, dilation, enlargment
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glomerul/o
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glomerulus
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lith/o
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stone, calculus
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-lysis
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breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening
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nephr/o
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kidney
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-pexy
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surgical fixation
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pyel/o
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renal pelvis, bowl of kidney
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-tripsy
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to crush
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ur/o
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urine, urinary tract
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-uria
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urination, urine
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Renal
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pertaining to the kidneys
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Renal cortex
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outer most region of the kidney. contains nephrons.
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Renal failure
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Kidney failure. inability of one or both of the kidneys to perform their functions.
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Uremia
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Uremic poisoning. Toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea and other waste products normally secreted int he urine are retained in the blood.
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Acute renal failure (ARF)
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sudden onset and is characterized by uremia. Can be fatal if not reversed promptly. Can be caused by kidney s not receiving enough blood to filter due to dehydration or sudden drop in blood volume or pressure.
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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
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Chronic renal disease or kidney failure. Progressive loss of renal function over months or years.
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Wilms Tumor
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Rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children. There is a high cure rate for this condition when treated promptly
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Stone
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Calculus. Abnormal mineral deposit that has formed within the body and is named for the organ or tissue where it is located.
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Nephrolith
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Kidney Stone. or Renal Calculus.
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Cystalgia
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cystodynia or Pain in the bladder.
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
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Enlarged prostate.
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Prostate cancer
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One of the most common cancers in men. can grow slowly with no symptoms
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Prostatitis
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Group of disorders characterized by the inflammation of the prostate gland.
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Urethrorrhea
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Abnormal discharge from the urethra
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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
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Common infection caused by bacteria, most often E.coli, entering the urinary system through the urethra. More frequent in women
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Cystitis
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Inflammation of the bladder
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Anuria
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Absence of urine formation
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Dysuria
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Difficult or painful urination
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Enuresis
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involuntary discharge of urine
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Nocturnal Enuresis
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Urinary incontinence during sleep. bed-wetting.
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Oliguria
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Scanty urination
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Polyuria
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excessive urination. common symptom of diabetes
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Incontinence
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inability to control the excretion of urine, feces, or both
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Urinary Incontinence
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Inability to control the voiding of urine.
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Urinalysis
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Examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements.used to diagnose diseases as well as detect presence of drugs.
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Bladder ultrasound
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Use of handheld ultrasound transducer to look for stones or for elevation of the bladder by an enlarged prostate, and to measure the residual amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination.
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Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
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Excretory urography. Radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters. Contrast medium is used.
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KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder)
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Radiographic (X-ray) study without the use of contrast medium. AKA flat-plate of the abdomen, used to detect bowel obstructions and nephroliths. Does not show ureters.
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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
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blood test used to screen for prostate cancer.
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Diuretics
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Med's used to increase urine secretion, primarily used to rid the body of excess water and salt.
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Dialysis
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Procedure to remove waste products, such as urea, creatinine, as well as excess water from the blood of a patient who's kidneys no longer function.
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Hemodialysis
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process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patients blood
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Peritoneal dialysis
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Process of using dialystate, inserted through a catheter implanted in the abdominal wall, left for a period of time to absorb wast products and then drained.
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Nephropexy
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Nephrorraphy. Surgical fixation of nephroptosis, or floating kidney
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Nephrostomy
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placement of a catheter to maintain an opening from the pelvis of one or both kidneys to the exterior of the body.
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Nephroliths
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Kidney stones
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extracorporeal shockwave lithrotripsy
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most common kidney stone treatment. crushing
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Lithotripsy
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Breaking up of calculi in the ureter, bladder, or urethra
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Ureteroplasty
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surgical repair of a ureter
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Ureterorraphy
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surgical suturing of a ureter
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Cystopexy
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surgical fixation of the bladder to abdominal wall
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Urinary catheterization
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Cathing. performed to withdraw urine for diagnostic purposes.
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Kegael Exercises
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Pelvic muscle exercises used to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor
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BPH
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benign prostatic hyperplasia
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IVP
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Intravenous pyelogram
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UTI
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urinary tract infection
