question

organizational structures

answer

Framework through which a group of people work toward common goal. Defines authority, responsibilities, communication methods, rights, and duties of the group

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* types of hospitals

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general, contagious disease, nursing homes (convalescent), psychiatric, orthopedic, pediatric.

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* general hospitals

answer

most common. typically has radiology, surgical, maternity isolation, psychiatric, burn, and laboratory facilities.

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* contagious disease hospitals

answer

only treat patients who have infectious, contagious, or otherwise communicable diseases. have specialized facilities for isolation.

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* nursing homes (convalescent hospitals)

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for patients with chronic disease or disability, or for patients who require a long time period for recovery. provide a subset of facilities provided by general hospitals. better equipped for long term stays.

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* psychiatric hospitals

answer

specifically designed to exclusively treat patients with mental disorders. have few of the facilities found in a general hospital.

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* orthopedic hospitals

answer

have many of the facilities of general hospitals, but have specialized staff and facilities for the care of orthopedic disorders.

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* pediatric hospitals

answer

have a specialized staff and facilities for the care of children. have many of the facilities of general hospitals.

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categories of hospital departments

answer

provide heath care, directly support healthcare, indirectly support healthcare

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* patient care departments

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cardiac care unit (CCU), emergency room (ER), gynecology (GYN), intensive care unit (ICU), medical/surgical, neurology, obstetrics (OB), oncology, pediatrics, physical therapy (PT), psychiatry, surgery (OR).

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* Cardiac Care Unit (CCU)

answer

Care for patients who have severe cardiac conditions

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* Emergency Room (ER)

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Care for patients with acute conditions that may be life threatening or need immediate attention.

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* Gynecology (GYN)

answer

Study of the female reproductive system. Frequently paired with obstetricians.

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* Obstetrics (OB)

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Manages female reproduction, specifically pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period following childbirth.

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* Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

answer

Treat patients with life threatening diseases or trauma.

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* Medical/Surgical

answer

Cares for patients before and after surgery. Also sees patients after an illness/injury, those on medications and need nursing care. Frequently the largest department.

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* Neurology

answer

Care for patients with illness or trauma to the nervous system.

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* Oncology

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Addresses the diagnosis, treatment, and follow up of patients with cancer.

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* Pediatrics (Peds)

answer

Treat infants, children, and adolescents.

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* Physical Therapy (PT)

answer

Improvement or maintenance of patient movement.

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* Psychiatric (Psych)

answer

Psychiatrists and other specialized staff treats patients with mental disorders.

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* Surgery (OR)

answer

Where surgical operations are conducted. Can also be affiliated with a recovery room- patients come here directly after surgery to let anesthesia wear off.

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departments that directly support the departments that provide health care

answer

laboratory, pathology, pharmacy, radiology

question

indirect support departments

answer

health information management (medical records), information technology (IT), clinical/biomedical engineering, facilities management (maintenance/operations), administration, food and nutrition services, security, material management.

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categories of physician organization

answer

private practice, group physician, attached to a health care system

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* private practice

answer

single physician provides care to individual patients. in an office, clinic, or other setting. physician practices medicine without the supervision from others.

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group physician

answer

physician works with a group of other physicians, reducing overhead for staff and facilities. can be a private practice in a group setting.

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physician attached to a health care system

answer

physician joins a large healthcare system rather than going into a private practice.

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* Nursing homes

answer

Host patients with long term diseases or disabilities or require a long time period of time for recovery. Do not have acute care functions. Fewer direct support functions. Medicare and Medicaid will reimburse if the facility meets their criteria.

question

* How are nursing homes like and not like hospitals

answer

like hospitals- mainly address the needs of inpatients. not like hospitals- typically do not have acute care functions like emergency, intensive care, obstetricians, and surgery. services like: radiology, pharmacy, pathology, and laboratory are sourced from external providers on an as-needed basis

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skilled nursing facility

answer

having the appropriate skilled nursing staff: registered, licensed practical and vocational nurses. physical and/or occupational therapists, and audiologists.

question

nursing homes must meet criteria for designation as a _____ to get reimbursed by Medicare

answer

skilled nursing facility

question

facility must meed Medicaid's criteria for designation as a ____ to be reimbursed by Medicaid.

answer

nursing facility

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patient criteria to be in a nursing facility

answer

have a need for skilled nursing care, have income below a defined level, have assets below a defined level, be a citizen of US, be a resident of the state in which the nursing home is located.

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* assisted living facilities

answer

primarily designed for elderly people or people who need some degree of assistance with activities of daily living. have residents, not patients. typically do not have skilled nursing staff. have trained professionals to supervise residents. Medicare and Medicaid does not reimburse costs.

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* Home Health Care

answer

home health care professional goes to the patients home to care for them. provides services: physical therapy, help bathing, dressing, preparing meals, IV management. staffed by both nonmusical and skilled nursing professionals- depending on the need. Medicare and Medicaid will reimburse certain costs.

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* Hospice

answer

care of terminally ill patients, either at home or in dedicated facilities. require palliative care. treatment plans: skilled care for patient on a 24/7 basis, pharmaceuticals necessary to provide patient comfort, necessary medical equipment like hospital beds, oxygen generators, and IV equipment. Medicare and Medicaid generally will reimburse costs.

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* Surgical centers and ASCs

answer

outpatient surgery/same day surgery. procedures done in hospital outpatient surgical centers or ambulatory surgical centers.

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3 types of surgical procedures performed by ASCs

answer

minor surgeries, pain management, diagnostic procedures.

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method of operation

answer

the customs or practices normally used to achieve the common goal of the organization. 3 operational characteristics: scope of work, availability of resources, formality of procedures.

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differences in scope of work

answer

tasks involved in accomplishing a goal/objective. different facilities have different scopes of work that they do. ex: general hospital has a broader scope than a nursing home.

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availability of resources

answer

means by which organizations achieve their collective goals. 4 types: financial, human, physical, and informational.

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financial resources

answer

economic/monetary resources needed for the organization to function. health care organizations are usually paid by third party payers- insurance companies or the government.

question

* Which healthcare organizations have a high financial resource availability?

answer

General hospitals and pediatric hospitals

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* Which healthcare organizations have a medium financial resource availability?

answer

Contagious disease hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, orthopedic hospitals, and surgical centers.

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* Which healthcare organizations have a low financial resource availability?

answer

Nursing homes, private practices, assisted living facilities, home health care, and hospices.

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human resources

answer

people- wide range needed in healthcare organizations. variety of positions from low skilled to very hight skilled.

question

physical resources

answer

places and equipment needed to achieve the common goal in a healthcare organization.

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information resources

answer

having the right information at the right place at the right time is very important to most healthcare organizations. sometimes it means the difference between life and death.

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formality of procedures

answer

set of established behaviors for collectively achieving the organization's goal. high formality- little deviation from procedures. low formality- higher deviation from procedures. typically formality increases with risk to the patient increases.

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* which facilities/organizations have high formality procedures

answer

general hospitals, contagious disease hospital, orthopedic hospital, pediatric hospital, and surgical centers.

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* which facilities/organizations have medium formality procedures

answer

nursing homes, psychiatric hospitals, and private practices.

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* which facilities/organizations have low formality procedures

answer

assisted living facilities, home health care organizations, and hospice.

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code of conduct

answer

rules for behavior to which a group of people adhere. similar to formality of procedure but care governed by a saneness of professionals. addresses communication, procedural behavior, social behavior and sanitation.

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communication

answer

2 aspects: style (how it is said)- avoid using contractions, slang, vulgarities, etc in front of the patients. content (what is said)- talk about the situation at hand, not outside activities, relationships, or other staff members in front of the patients.

question

* procedural behavior

answer

level of procedural formality based on the type of treatment or diagnostic being administered. ex: each setting within a hospital has its own procedures based on its organizational function. staff should be familiar with each setting.

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sanitation

answer

sterilization of facilities and instruments and proper disposal of contaminated wastes. hand washing, cleaning and sterilization, use of antimicrobials, use of protective equipment.

question

rooms that use procedural behavior

answer

imaging rooms, procedure rooms, recovery rooms, examination rooms, emergency rooms.

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* Procedural behavior in imaging rooms

answer

Very formal and professional

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* Procedural behavior in procedure rooms

answer

Very formal and professional

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* Procedural behavior in recovery rooms

answer

Less formal but still professional

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* Procedural behavior in examination rooms

answer

Less formal but still professional

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* Procedural behavior in emergency rooms

answer

Very formal and professional

question

social behavior

answer

conduct caused by or affecting other people. shyness, aggression, competitiveness, and deception.

question

* can doctors (MD) create, read, and/or modify PHI

answer

create- yes. read- yes. modify- yes.

question

* can a nurse practitioner (NP) create, read and/or modify PHI

answer

create- yes. read- yes. modify- yes.

question

* can a registered nurse (RN) create, read and/or modify PHI

answer

create- yes. read- yes. modify- yes.

question

* can a physician assistant (PA) create, read and/or modify PHI

answer

create- yes. read- yes. modify- yes.

question

* can a medical assistant (MA) create, read and/or modify PHI

answer

create- no. read- yes. modify- no.

question

* can a licensed practical nurse create, read and/or modify PHI

answer

create- yes. read- yes. modify- yes.

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2 methods of data access

answer

physical and electronic

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* placement

answer

method of physical access control- managing the physical placement, minimizes authorized access.

question

* Forms of communication that safeguards need to be applied to

answer

Email, instant messaging, fax, file transfer protocol, telephone voice over IP (VoIP)

Healthcare Information Technology ch 2 – Flashcards

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