Intro to Visual Arts Study Guild - Flashcards

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_____ is(are) usually necessary for someone to be able to create art from the ideas in his/her imagination.

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training and practice

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Mondrian's Composition (B) En Bleu, Jaune, et Blanc (Composition in Blue, Yellow, Piet Mondrian's Composition (B) En Bleu, Jaune, et Blanc (Composition in Blue, Yellow, and White) is an example of __________.

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nonobjective, or nonrepresentational, painting

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The Palace at Versailles symbolizes _____.

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the power of the absolute monarch

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When someone pays an artist to create a work of art it is called _____.

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patronage

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A work of art can be judged from very different points of view.

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True

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The first purpose of the applied arts is to

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serve some useful function

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There are no absolute guidelines for judging __________ in art.

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quality

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Richard Diebenkorn's Ocean Park paintings are examples of:

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nonobjective paintings

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The work, Ancestors of the Passage: A Healing Journey through the Middle Passage by __________ treats the subject of slavery and its effects on women.

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Imna Arroyo

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Some artists cannot easily explain why they create art. For them, it is _____.

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an inner calling

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Vera Mukhina's Machine Tractor Driver and Collective Farm Girl is an example of __________.

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sociopolitical content

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Ludwig Hohlwein's poster is an example of:

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propaganda

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An artist who uses abstraction as an approach is

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extracting the essence of the real object

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The meaning found in art, including the subject

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matter and the emotions, ideas and symbols is called _____.-content

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Idealization in art is a form of _____.

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realism

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Wanting to stop art from being shown because of moral beliefs is called

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censorship

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Three

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dimensional artworks have _____.-height, width, and depth

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For Koreans, cloth

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bound bundles known as bottari are used for __________.-packing up possessions and leaving the home

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Maya Ying Lin said she wanted her Vietnam Veterans' Memorial to be ________.

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honest about the reality of war

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For Paul Klee, the act of artistic creation seemed to be a way of approaching __________.

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the unseen

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The Futurists were most interested in capturing a single moment in time in a static image.

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False

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The phrase point of view is used in art to indicate where the viewer is standing in relation to the figures in the artwork

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True

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The shapes in Matisse's painting The Snail are called hard

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edged because __________.-their boundaries are clearly distinguished

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Linear perspective is a mathematical system used to show

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recession in space

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When a visual effect is so realistic it fools our perception it is called

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trompe l'oeil

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When two

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dimensional images are made to look three-dimensional it is called-illusion

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Overlapping is a way of suggesting three

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dimensional space.-True

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During the Renaissance, European painters developed the technique of chiaroscuro, which means

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light and shade

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On its most basic level, three

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dimensional art physically-occupies space

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A mark or area that is significantly longer than it is wide may be perceived as _____.

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a line

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The sculptor Henry Moore was interested in the interplay between __________.

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positive form and negative space

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Michael Heizer's City Complex I, which has an enduring, monumental effect, is an example of a __________ sculpture.

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static

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The surface quality of a work is called

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texture

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Complementary colors are those that are

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opposite each other on the color wheel

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Colors that are described as warm have the optical effect of receding in space.

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True

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The shapes in Helen Frankenthaler's painting Mauve District are called hard

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edged because:-their boundaries are clearly distinguished

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Real

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world objects taken from trash heaps and used in art are called-found objects

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Three dimensional art in the full round is designed to be seen

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from all sides

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In art the term "scale" refers to

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relative size

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Edward Steichen's photograph Rodin: The Thinker is a good example of the use of:

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value and contrast

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In the Balega mask, contrast is achieved primarily through:

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texture

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_____ refers to the principle called "economy of means."

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paring away extraneous details

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The ___________ was (were) critical to Frank Gehry in designing the Guggenheim Bilbao Museum.

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environmental setting

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Instead of using mathematical devices to unify the image in The Boating Party, Pierre Auguste Renoir employed __________.

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color and the objects in the scene to link groups of people

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Rhythm in art is created by patterns that are set up through

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repetition and variety

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In the rock garden of Ryoan

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ji Temple (fig. 3-42) the relationship of sand to rocks and rock to rock formed out of meditation on the universe, not on adherence to a human system.-True

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The implied triangle is a common formula for unifying compositional lines because it is _____.

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a highly stable shape

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Jose Orozco used repetition in his painting Zapatistas (fig. 3

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4) to give the sense of __________.-beats in a single movement, a unified whole, a mass of figures, moving forward, ***all of the above***

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In Essence Mulberry, Helen Frankenthaler's use of gray paint the same color as the ground creates a __________.

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transition

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Repetition can be used in decorative works to create an all-over

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pattern

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The golden rectangle is a way of establishing the:

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ideal proportion of a space

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Rhythm in art can be compared with rhythm in music.

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True

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The chest from the Haida culture is an example of symmety because:

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the left side and the right side are identical-the left side and the right side are identical

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The ceremonial blanket from the Haida culture is an example of symmetry because _________.

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the left side and the right side are identical

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Rhythm can be achieved by using

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shape or form, color, line, ***all of the above***

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Balance is a principle of design based on the _____.

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visual weight one assigns to parts of a work

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Because __________ there is visual tension created in Nancy Graves' work Trace.

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it is intentionally unbalanced

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The use of multiple triangles by Lucy Pettway in her artwork Birds in the Air exemplifies the organizing principle of __________.

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repetition

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Visual tension is created in Tintoretto's Leda and the Swan through the use of:

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contrasting and opposing forms

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The use of multiple similar torsos by Magdalena Abakanowicz in her piece Backs is an example of the organizing principle of:

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repetition

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The word used to refer to the material with which the artist works is _____.

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medium

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Ink that is thinned with water or spirit and brushed on to suggest tone is called a

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wash

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Artists often use graphite pencils for drawing _____.

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because they can get different effects due to the many grades of hardness of the medium

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Leonardo da Vinci's "The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and John the Baptist" is a full

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sized chalk drawing done as a model for a painting. This work is, thus, called a:-cartoon

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Unlike the other dry media discussed in this chapter, silverpoint _____.

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requires that the paper be prepared with pigment or glue

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The word "pastel" is usually associated with _______ tones.

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pale

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There are special crayons made of grease for use in lithographic printing.

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True

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Pen and ink drawings like Picasso's "Three Female Nudes Dancing" are difficult to execute because:

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the point of the pen may catch in the paper and splatter ink

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Charcoal can only be used in a quick, sketchy manner.

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False

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Conte crayon is _____.

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versatile and can be used for softness or sharp lines

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Georges Seurat was able to get a range of values from conte crayon by __________.

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working on textured paper

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In his drawing "Fish Skeletons" Hyman Bloom reverses the usual technique for pen and ink by:

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using white ink on dark paper

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The best artist's papers are made with rags.

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True

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Kathe Kollwitz's "Self Portrait with a Pencil" shows that charcoal is often used because:

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the fact that it smudges easily allows artists to exploit effects in toning the image

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Paper, the most frequently used drawing surface, has been readily available since ancient Egypt.

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False

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One of the main properties of tempera paint is

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it dries quickly to a matte finish

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In theory, acrylic paints are permanent and will never deteriorate.

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True

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The final layer of plaster, or _____, is applied over the underlying cartoon in sections small enough to be painted on that day while the plaster is still damp.

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intonaco

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The medium used by Kurt Schwitters for Merz 19 is called

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collage

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Mosaic is (are) __________ whose subtle effects can be viewed in The Battle of Issus.

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an ancient technique of embedding small tiles, called tesserae, into cement

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For his huge murals of Mexican political history, Diego Rivera __________.

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sketched directly onto the wall with red chalk or charcoal

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In general, paint is made by suspending _____________ in a liquid medium and adding a binder.

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pigment

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The Young Woman with a Gold Pectoral is an example of the early method of painting known as __________ in which pigment is suspended in hot wax.

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encaustic

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Encaustic must always be kept cool while it is being applied.

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False

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Marc Chagall's The Crow Who Wanted to be an Eagle uses the __________ medium.

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gouache

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Of painting media, the only one that does not dry quickly is:

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oil

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Some nonobjective painters of the twentieth century worked on unsized canvas

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so that the paint would be absorbed right into the canvas

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Vermeer's painting Girl with a Pearl Earring is a good example of the use of:

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oil

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According to the curator at the Louvre, the Mona Lisa, an oil painting, has not been cleaned because:

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people are so used to seeing it dirty, it would upset them if it changed

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The fresh transparent effect in Winslow Homer's The Gulf Stream is typical of

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watercolor

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Typesetting, or the setting up of the type for printing a page, is now done by _____.

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computerized processes

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The image by Alberto Seveso used for the cover of a magazine about computer arts includes elements suggesting the ___________, and are meant to evoke the mind of a young computer designer at work.

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unraveled strands of computer circuitry

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The art of designing letter forms is called

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typography

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The edition of The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer published by William Morris and Edward Burne

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Jones is a good example of __________.-harmony of design

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Postage stamps are an example of graphic design.

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True

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The intent of advertising is to _____.

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portray the client's product as compellingly as possible

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The cover image from Computer Arts Interactive shows the importance of __________ in magazines.

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illustrations

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Graphic designers usually work with other people, such as marketing specialists and clients.

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True

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The two major ingredients of graphic design are

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letters and images

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The typeface serif:

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gives elegant, calligraphic flourishes, leads our eye through a word, was originally based on the Roman alphabet, ***all of the above***

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Although graphic design is for commercial purposes, some designs, like Toulouse

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Lautrec's poster, have been treated like __________.-fine art

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Paul Rand, who designed the IBM logo, believed that corporate logos should _____.

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consist of simple, universal, and timeless shapes

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In 1976, Peter Good designed the "I Love New York" slogan of a red heart between black, block letters that was designed to promote tourism to the city.

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False

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Graphic designers are people who

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design two dimensional images for commercial purposes, convey information to the public, use words and imagery together, ***all of the above***

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The advertisement for the Chicago Spire shown in Wallpaper Magazine relies on __________ to lure us into wanting to know more about the product.

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a sparse illustration

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The photographer best known for his experiments in placing still pictures into a sequence to analyze motion is:

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Eadweard Muybridge

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Dorothea Lange's photograph Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California, is an example of _____________ photography.

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documentary

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The __________ offers an example of how, before the advent of color photography, patrons had themselves photographed before a false backdrop with details hand painted.

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Portrait of a Landowner

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At the end of the nineteenth century the ____________ movement sought to make photographs look like paintings.

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Pictorialist

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The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari is an example of the _______________ style of film

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making.-Expressionist

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The camera can capture only as much as the human eye can perceive.

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False

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The content of Leni Riefenstahl's film The Triumph of the Will is usually considered merely documentary.

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False

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When a series of still images seem to merge and look like continuous movement it is because of the principle called

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persistence of vision

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Digital imaging can build up lushly detailed works; simultaneously, it can delete details so that the focus falls upon a single object.

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True

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In the 1920s __________ formed the "straight photography" movement in which objects were recorded in sharp focus with attention given to their details.

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Edward Weston

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One problem with the daguerreotype is _____.

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the lengthy time needed for exposures

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A big improvement in photography, based on Fox Talbot's work, was ______.

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the development of a means of creating multiple copies of an image

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In a film, the splicing together of a variety of shots at the editing stage is called a

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montage

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The word photography is Greek for _____.

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"writing with light"

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One of the very earliest popular uses of photography was _____.

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for portraits whose aim was capturing a perfect likeness

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The carved ivory mask from Benin was carved for the king and _________.

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worn at his waist

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This sculpture by Louise Nevelson, called Black Wall is made of various pieces of wood. This sculpture is called a(n):

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assemblage

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Michelangelo believed that one piece of marble was the same as another.

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False

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Carvings have ___________ to minimize the labor involved in removing excess material.

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compact contours

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The Head of a Woman created by __________ uses a direct carving technique that preserves its stony texture and creates a deliberately "primative" look.

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Amedeo Modigliani

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A small clay or plaster model for a larger sculpture is called a

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maquette

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Modeling and carving mean the same thing.

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False

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Clay is a sculpture material that was commonly used in ancient civilizations.

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True

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Robert Smithson's Spiral Jetty is an example of

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earthworks

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The lost

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wax process of bronze casting can only be used for small objects.-False

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Artists use found objects to create artwork by a process called

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assembling

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Stone can be polished to be very smooth.

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True

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The sculpture, Pod Pocha by Ursula von Rydingsvard employs both stacking of elements and carving away to suggest _________.

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The natural processes of geological layering and erosion

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The Greeks developed the ____________ process of casting, which is still used.

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lost-wax

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Carving is a ____________ process.

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subtractive

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In casting, a mold is used into which

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molten material is poured

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For his monumental sculptures, such as the Torqued Ellipses, Richard Serra uses computer modeling to work out __________.

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basic coordinates, balance, layout and shape, ***all of the above***

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Artists like using stone for sculptures because of its

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permanence

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When some materials for sculptures cannot support their own weight, a sculptor will use __________________ for support.

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an armature

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In fifteenth

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century Benin sculptors were supported by _____.-patronage of the king

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Most clay vessels are _____ to ensure permanence and water resistance.

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baked

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Wedging is a step in the process in which the artist

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removes air pockets from the clay

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Slab building is a method for

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Building up clay

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Iron and steel are the least malleable metals.

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True

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The ancient craft of making objects from clay is called

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ceramics

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There are _________ fiber works in The Unicorn Tapestries that depict scenes of hunting for a magical unicorn.

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seven

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Glass objects can be made through the lost

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wax process.-True

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Wood cannot be used for extremely ornate forms.

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False

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Susye Billy, a basket weaver of the native Pomo people in California, has said natural materials for her craft are difficult to obtain because _____.

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land developers have changed the natural environment

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Any type of clay is suitable for ceramics.

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False

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Crafts have been highly developed since _____.

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millennia ago

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Louis Tiffany and John La Farge developed

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the opalescent form of stained glass

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Some woodworkers look for "defects" in a piece of wood, like _______, as seen in Mark Lindquist's Toutes Uncommon Bowl.

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burls

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An ancient method for working with clay is called

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wheel throwing

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The practice of _____ seems to have begun with the nomads of Central Asia.

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weaving rugs for covering their tents and wrapping their possessions

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Iron that is worked in a heated state with hand tools is called

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wrought

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Porcelain is considered to be the most precious of ceramic ware because it is

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pure white, nonabsorbent, very strong, ***all of the above***

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Dale Chihuly is a major artist in the field of

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art glass

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Today's craft artists experiment with new techniques only and have little or no interest in traditional methods.

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False

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A common clay body, or mixtures of different kinds of clay, is

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earthenware

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The invention of balloon

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frame construction came about with the development of-mass-produced nails

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The circular interior space of the Pantheon in Rome is called a(n):

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rotunda

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The International Modern Style evolved from the designs created at the Bauhaus.

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that climate and culture often determine housing style

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Buildings constructed in the International Modern Style are

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constructed along purely functional lines, largely made with glass exterior walls, lacking in ornamentation, ***all of the above***

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Of the names listed below, the one that is not a Greek order is

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Rhodian

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To account for the local climate in his design of an Amsterdam Bank Complex, A. Ton Alberts incorporated __________.

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solar panels

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The architectural design of the Pantheon did not work in Russia because

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the snowy climate was not considered

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The flying buttress was used in the interior of Gothic cathedrals, such as Chartres to support the thick interior walls.

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False

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The Nakagin Capsule Building in Tokyo is an example of _________.

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modular construction

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Eric Kuhne's Bluewater Shopping Complex in Kent, England contains a rain forest and mountain bike trails.

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True

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In Greek construction, architects developed the Greek orders, which were

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the sequences of parts of the architectural structure

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Among the things architects consider is acoustics, or the

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science of sound

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In post-modern architecture, building designs tend to

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be expressive and individual, following no one specific style

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Which of the following is not an elaboration of arch technology?

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balloon-frame construction

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The Suq ai Ainau is an excellent example of how architects adapt their designs to respond to _________.

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the environment in which the structure is placed

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The form of building that uses columns and beams is ____________ construction.

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post and lintel

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Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater is a good example of the use of

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cantilevered beams

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The stones of Machu Picchu are kept in place by a mortar mixture scientists can't figure out.

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False

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The interiors of buildings with steel frameworks

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are broad open spaces

Intro to Visual Arts Study Guild – Flashcards

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