Psychology Chapter 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing – Flashcards
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Stress
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The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging.
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General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)
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Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases--alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
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Health Psychology
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A sub-field of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine.
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Psychoneuroimmunology
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The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.
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Coronary Heart Disease
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The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries.
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Type A
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Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.
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Type B
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Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people.
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Catharsis
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In psychology, the idea that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
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Coping
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Alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods.
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Problem-focused Coping
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Attempting to alleviate stress directly--by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor. [Example: Stressed about homework->do homework]
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Emotion-focused Coping
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Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction.
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Learned Helpnessness
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The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.
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External Locus of Control
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The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate.
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Internal Locus of Control
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The perception that you control your own fate.
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Aerobic Exercise
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Sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety.
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Feel-good, Do-good, Phenomenon
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People's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood.
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Positive Psychology
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The scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to flourish.
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Adaption-level Phenomenon
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Our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience.[Example: You win the lottery and we get really happy, but then we adapt to that lifestyle so our happiness level goes back to normal.]
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Relative Deprivation
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The perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself.
