aspt exam – Flashcard
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
accessioning
answer
the process by which specimens are logged in, labeled, and assigned a specimen identification code
question
palpate
answer
To examine by touch.
question
bevel
answer
The opening in the needle
question
empathy
answer
understanding and entering into another's feelings
question
apathy
answer
lack of interest; state of not caring
question
professional
answer
describes people who are paid for what they do
question
phlebotomy
answer
cutting into a vein
question
venipuncture
answer
puncture of a vein through the skin in order to withdraw blood for analysis or to start an intravenous drip or to inject medication or a radio opaque dye
question
anticubital fossa
answer
Triangular layer, anterior to elbow where the major veins for vena puncture are located
question
cephalic vein
answer
Large vein on the outermost side of the upper arm
question
basilic vein
answer
Large vein on the inner side of the upper arm
question
medial cubital vein
answer
On the anterior surface of the vein. Vein of choice in intravenous injections.
question
syncope
answer
fainting
question
lumen
answer
opening within a hollow tube or organ
question
bevel
answer
n. Any inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees.
question
capillaries
answer
tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body
question
extracellular fluid
answer
all body fluid other than that contained within cells; includes plasma and interstitial fluid
question
intracellular fluid
answer
fluid inside the cells
question
interstitial fluid
answer
liquid found between the cells of the body that provides much of the liquid environment of the body
question
peripheral blood
answer
Blood obtained from the outer surface of the body- (an extremity)
question
capillary blood
answer
Should be collected from the ring or great finger in adults, and lateral sides of the heel in infants, and (rarely) in earlobes
question
susceptable person
answer
a person with a compromised immune system.
question
nosocomial infection
answer
an infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility; also known as hospital-acquired infection (HAI).
question
carrier/host
answer
a person who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others
question
HIPAA
answer
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
question
aspetic
answer
(adj.) germ free
question
antiseptic
answer
a substance that destroys micro-organisms that carry disease without harming body tissues
question
assault
answer
intentional threat to physically or offensively injure another
question
battery
answer
an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact
question
negligence
answer
careless neglect, often resulting in injury
question
hemolysis
answer
Destruction of red blood cells
question
pathogenic
answer
capable of producing disease
question
OSHA
answer
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
question
CDC
answer
Center for Disease Control
question
PPE
answer
Personal Protective Equipment
question
universal precaution
answer
an approach to infection control that requires the employee to assume that all human blood specified human body fluids are infectious for HIV,HBV and other bloodborne pathogens
question
basal state
answer
Refers to the resting metabolic state of the body early in the morning after fasting for a minimum of 12 hours.
question
hypogycemia
answer
low blood sugar
question
hyperglycemia
answer
abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
question
sympathetic blood flow
answer
...
question
hemostasis
answer
the stoppage of bleeding
question
hematopoiesis
answer
the formation of blood cells in the living body (especially in the bone marrow)
question
spleen
answer
Produces blood cells, destroys damaged blood cells, stores blood cells
question
anticoagulant
answer
medicine that prevents or retards the clotting of blood
question
atria
answer
the two upper chambers of the heart- the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.
question
the heart
answer
Main organ of the circulatory system
question
SA node
answer
the pace-maker of the heart; where the impulse conduction of the heart usually starts; located in the top of the right atrium
question
AV node
answer
atrioventricular node: a small mass of tissue that passes impulses received from the sinoatrial node to the ventricles
question
dermal subcutaneous junction
answer
...
question
autoregulatory blood flow distress
answer
...
question
vena cava
answer
One of two large vessels (superior and inferior) that return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart.
question
frothing
answer
Bubbles caused by improper venipuncture technique; i.e. needle not properly seated within the lumen of the vein, or using too small needle for vein size
question
coagulant
answer
an agent that promotes the clotting of blood
question
systemic circulation
answer
circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs
question
pulmonary circulation
answer
pathway of circulation between the heart and the lungs
question
lymphatic circulation
answer
One way system that begins in the tissues and ends when the lymph joins the blood.
question
basophils
answer
white blood cells that enter damaged tissues and enhance the inflammation process and contain histamine and heparin
question
lymphacytes
answer
produces anitbodies
question
monocytes
answer
a subgroup of mononuclear cells that are called monocytes when they are in the bloodstream and macrophages when they are in tissues. These cells are the APC's that mediate endocytosis and presentation of antigen to T and B cells during immune reactions
question
transmission of infection
answer
any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread through the environment or to another person.
question
contact
answer
mode of transmission - disease transmitted by direct human contact
question
droplet
answer
a spray of moist particles 3 feet or less
question
airborne
answer
mode of transmitted through the air by droplets or particles.
question
malpractice
answer
professional wrongdoing that results in injury or damage
question
bloodborne pathogens
answer
disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids
question
engineering controls
answer
controls (e.g. sharps disposal container, self sheathing needles) that isolate or remove the Bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace
question
informed consent
answer
consent by a patient to undergo a medical or surgical treatment or to participate in an experiment after the patient understands the risks involved
question
ethics
answer
moral principles or values
question
biohazard
answer
organism, or substance derived from an organism, that poses a threat to (primarily) human health
question
analyte
answer
Subtance or chemical being analyzed or dected in a specimen.
question
MSDS
answer
A widely used abbreviation for Material Safety Data Sheet. A MSDS contains details of the hazards associated with a chemical, and gives information on its safe use.
question
aliquot
answer
a portion of a blood sample that has been removed/separated from the primary specimen tube.
question
ABG
answer
Arterial Blood Gasses
question
autologous
answer
term used to describe a transfusion from the recipient's own blood
question
tort
answer
in law, a civil misdeed requiring compensation
question
striated muscle
answer
muscle attached to the skeleton, making movement possible
question
hematoma
answer
the collection of blood under the skin as the result of blood escaping into the tissue from damaged blood vessels. bruise
question
mastectomy
answer
surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor
question
lysis
answer
the disintegration of a cell by disruption of the plasma membrane
question
hemoconcentration
answer
concentration of blood due to prolonged application of a tourniquet (longer than 1 minute)
question
EDTA
answer
Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid, Ties up Ca to prevent clotting of blood. Advantages: Excellent preserving of cells. Disadvantages: Dilution volume is important. Purple top vacutainer tube.
question
vein patency
answer
The state of a vein being freely open
question
artery
answer
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body
question
arterioles
answer
small arteries that connect to capillaries
question
PKU
answer
phenylketonuria (disease due to lack of an enzyme in infants)
question
vein
answer
a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart
question
venules
answer
small veins that drain blood from the capillaries and then join to form a vein
question
vasodilation
answer
widening of the blood vessels that allows for increased blood flow
question
vasoconstriction
answer
rapid constriction of the blood vessels to decrease blood flow to the area
question
tunica media
answer
middle layer of arteries and veins
question
tunica adventitia
answer
outermost covering of arteries and veins
question
tunica intima
answer
innermost layer of arteries and veins
question
buffy coat
answer
a thin light colored layer of white blood cells and platelets than lie between a top layer of plasma and red blood cells
question
hemogloblin
answer
protein in the blood.(carries oxygen in the red blood cells)
question
circulatory system
answer
The human body system that contains the heart, blood, and all of the blood vessels. It delivers all the nutrients to the cells
question
conduction system
answer
electrical impulses from nerves that stimulate contraction and relaxation of heart
question
morphology
answer
external form
question
reticulocyte
answer
immature red blood cell
question
whole blood
answer
blood which has had an anticoagulant added to it
question
phlebitis
answer
inflammation of a vein, INFLAMMATION IN THE WALL OF A VEIN WITHOUT CLOT FORMATION
question
WBC
answer
white blood cell
question
RBC
answer
red blood cell
question
PLT
answer
Platelets
question
bone marrow
answer
a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
question
serum
answer
liquid portion of the blood left after the clotting process
question
plasma
answer
straw-colored fluid that makes up about 55 percent of blood
question
osteomyelitis
answer
an inflammation of bone and bone marrow (usually caused by bacterial infection)
question
coagualtion
answer
clotting after trauma to blood vessels
question
intrinsic
answer
(adj) belonging to someone or something by its very nature, essential, inherent; originating in a bodily organ or part
question
extrinsic
answer
external; not essential or inherent; extraneous
question
fibrin clot
answer
...
question
peaks
answer
high level
question
troughs
answer
one of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest, or the disturbance is the greatest.
question
TDM
answer
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring...Testing of drug levels at specific intervals to help establish a drug dosage, maintain the dosage at a therapeutic level, or avoid drug toxicity.
question
aorta
answer
The largest artery in the body; it conducts freshly oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues.
question
ventricles
answer
the two lower chambers of the heart, and they pump blood out to the lungs and body.
question
Hgb
answer
hemoglobin
question
contusion
answer
an injury that doesn't break the skin but results in some discoloration
question
OPIM
answer
Other Potentially Infectious Materials are contaminated with blood or with body fluid that may contain blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva. Also includes needles, suction equipment, soiled linens, dressings, and other care items & equipment
question
TQM
answer
total quality management, a concept that focuses on managing the total oranization to deliver quality to customers
question
communicable
answer
Something that can be passed from one person to another
question
lipemic
answer
Serum/plasma that appears milky (cloudy white) or turbid due to high lipid content.
question
FMC
answer
foundation for medical care
