ANT exam 3 – Flashcards
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The system of arbitrary symbols used to encode one's experience of the world and of others is
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Language
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The scientific study of language is known as
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Linguistics
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Language is a bicultural phenomenon (T/F)
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True
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Primitive human languages
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Do not exist
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Kinesics refers to
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body gestures
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The call systems of monkeys and apes are normally considered a(n) ________ system.
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closed
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Refers more to sounds rather than meaning.
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phonemes
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The ability of native speakers of a language to use words in ways that are socially and culturally appropriate is called?
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communicative competence
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The principle which assets that language has the power to shape the way people see the world is?
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The linguistic relativity principle
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The study of the way speakers of a language actually use the language to communicate with one another (study of language in the context of its use)
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Pragmatics
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The study of language (in a broader context) that uses ethnography to illuminate the ways in which speech and social interaction influence each other is called
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pragmatics
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Which type of language develops in a single generation?
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Pidgin
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Which type of symbols provide people with categories for thinking about how their world is organized
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summarizing
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Play with form producing some aesthetically successful transformation- representation is a definition of
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art
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stories about the way of the world works are called
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Myths
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A ritual that serves to mark the movement and transformation of an individual from one social position to another is called
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rite of passage
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According to anthropologists, religion deals with a reality which is immediately available to the senses (t/f)
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false
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Part- time religious practitioners with the power to travel or contact supernatural forces
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shamans
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set of beliefs and practices designed to control the visible or invisible world for specific purposes
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witchcraft
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invisible forces to which people address questions and whose responses they believe to be truthful are called
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Oracles
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Syncretism, revitalization, and nativistic movements all involve
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coping with change
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A conscious, deliberate, and organized attempt by some members of a society to create a more satisfying culture in a time of crisis is known as a
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revitalization
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Economic, political, and human relations are key domains of social organization (t/f)
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True
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The 3 phases of economic activity are:
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production, distribution, and consumption.
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Redistribution requires some form of
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centralized social organization
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Generalized, balanced, and negative are types of ______
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reciprocity
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which aspect of production would focus on linking people and modes of production
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relations of
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Internal, external, and culturally patterned are explanations for
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consumption
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which explanation of consumption (By Malinowski) emphasized human dependence on physical world for survival
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Internal
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Anthropologists understand there is a negative impact of contemporary economic institutions on ______
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most of the world's population.
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the study of social power in human society is called
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political anthropology
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In recent years, the anthropology of politics has addressed questions about
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power and inequality
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Interpersonal, organizational, and structural are modes of
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Social power
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societies without states rely on the power of _____
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Persuasion and social obligations
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Ideology refers to world view such as that which justifies the social arrangements under which people live (t/f)
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true
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Power based on physical force or coercion is called
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domination
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Rulers who provide some genuine benefits to their subjects, spread an ideology that justified their rule, and still succeed in protecting their privileged position
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Hegemony
