Chapter 11 Flashcards Answers
Flashcard maker : Evie Nicholson
longhouses
Iroquois house about 150 to 200 feet long built of wooden poles covered with sheets of bark and housing about a dozen families
clans
groups of related families
tepees
provided excellent shelter; they were warm in winter and cool in summer, circular tents
adobe
sun-dried brick
pueblos
multi-storied structures that could house many people
Mesoamerica
a name we use for areas of Mexico and Central America that were civilized before the Spainards arrived
hieroglyphs
pictures
tribute
goods or money paid by conquered people to their conquerors
maize
corn
quipu
system of knotted strings used by Inca to keep records
Northern, North America
Inuit, Iroquois, Plains Indians, Anasazi, Mound Builders
Mesoamerica
Olmec, Maya, Toltec, Aztec
South America
Moche, Inca
False
Mesoamerica is a name we use for areas of Alaska and Canada
True
The Olmec people carved colossal stone heads, probably to represent their gods
False
The Maya built very crude and primitive structures as places of worship
True
Mayan cities were built around a central pyramid topped by a religious shrine
False
Rulers of the Mayan city-states claimed to be descended from the Spanish conquerors that invaded their country
False
The name of the supreme god of the Mayans was Thor, god of Thunder
True
In Central America, the Maya practiced human sacrifice as a way to appease the gods
True
The Maya created a sophisticated writing system based on hieroglyphs, or pictures
False
The Toltec were a peace-loving people who rarely strayed into lands other than their own
True
According to their legends, when the Aztec arrived in the Valley of Mexico, other peoples drove them into a snake-infested region
False
When the Aztec saw the Spanish with a cross on their breastplates, they thought that representatives from the Church in Rome had arrived
Bering Strait
The last Ice Age between 100,000 & 8,000 yrs ago formed a land bridge known as ______ between Asian & North America
hunters and gatherers
1st people to cross the Bering Strait
Inuit
About 3000 BC people called the _____ moved into North America from Asia
Hopewell
People in the Ohio River Valley, also known as Mound Builders
Iroquois
Were Northeast of the Mississippi, built longhouses
Plains Indians
Were found in River Valleys along Eastern Plains
Anasazi
In Southwest, very advanced and skilled, built dams, baskets, pottery
Anasazi
Who used adobe to build pueblos?
Teotihuacan
1st major city in Mesoamerica, called “place of gods”, 250 BC-800 AD
Mayan Civilization
Located on the Yucatan Peninsula east of Teotihuacan, one of the most sophisticated civilizations flourished between 300 AD-900 AD
Itzamna
(lizard house) supreme god
Toltec
Fierce and warlike people
Aztec
Found around Valley of Mexico, capital of Tenochtitlan, forced into swamps built islands on Lake Texcoco, built stone roadways and bridges linking to the mainland
Aztec
The boys were taught to be warriors, girls were taught to be at home, women were not equal to men but could own and inherit property
Caral
Identified as the oldest major city in the Americas, located in the Supe River Valley of Peru, developed a system of irrogatioin
Inca
“Empire”, in late 1300s _____ were a small community in the area of Cuzco
Pachacuti
The founder of the Incan Empire
Inca
No writing system, kept records using a knotted string called a quipu, well developed tradition of Theater, Experienced an epidemic of smallpox- they had no immunities to Euro diseases
In an effort to postpone the day of reckoning, they believed that by appeasing the god Huitzilopochtli they could delay the final destruction of their world
Why did the Aztec practice human sacrifice?
The culture did not die, they formed a large community at Mesa Verde (to the north in southern Colorado), they soon had a drought that led to the abandonment of Mesa Verde
Why and where were the Anasazi driven from?
One was based on a solar calendar of 365 days, divided into 18 months of 20 days each with an extra 5 days at the end; the other system was based on a sacred calendar of 260 days divided into 13 weeks of 20 days each
What 2 types of different systems for measuring time did the Mayans use?
The role of women in Aztec society
Women in this society were not equal to men but they were allowed to own and inherit property and to enter into contracts. Women were expected to work in the home, weave textiles, and raise children. They were also permitted to become priestesses.
Expectations for girls and women in Incan society
Men and women were required to select a marriage partner from within their own social groups. After marriage, women were expected to care for the children and to weave cloth. For women there was only one alternative to a life of working in the home. Some young girls were chosen to serve as priestesses in temples.
Moche
Found in South America, a major urban center that arose here sometime about 200 BC
Pizzaro
In 1531 Francisco ______ and a small band of about 180 men landed on the Pacific coast of South America. He brought steel weapons, gunpowder, and horses to Inca
Machu Picchu
The abandoned city of _________ shows the architectural genius of the Inca, elevation at 8,000 ft, was built on a lofty hilltop surrounded by mountain peaks far above the Urabamba River
Pueblo Bonito
At the heart of Chaco Canyon was _________, a large complex that contained some 800 rooms housing more than a thousand people
