Chapter 26 + 27 vocab/keypoints – Flashcards
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allemande
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German dance in moderate duple time, popular during the Renaissance and Baroque periods; often the first movement of a Baroque suite.
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courante
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French Baroque dance, a standard movement of the suite, in triple meter at a moderate tempo.
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sarabande
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Stately Spanish Baroque dance type in triple meter, a standard movement of the Baroque suite.
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jig
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A vigorous dance developed in the British Isles, usually in compound meter; became fashionable on the Continent as the gigue; still popular as an Irish traditional dance genre.
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minuet
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A moderate triple-meter dance form with two main sections (minuet = A, trio = B) that often occurs as the third movement of a symphony.
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gavotte
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Duple-meter Baroque dance type of a pastoral character.
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bourrée
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Lively French Baroque dance type in duple meter.
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passepied
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French Baroque court dance type; a faster version of the minuet.
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hornpipe
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Country dance of British Isles, often in a lively triple meter; optional dance movement of solo and orchestral Baroque suite; a type of duple-meter hornpipe remains popular in Irish traditional dance music.
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overture
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An introductory movement, as in an opera or oratorio, often presenting melodies from arias to come. Also an orchestral work for concert performance.
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divertimento
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Classical instrumental genre for chamber ensemble or soloist, often performed as light entertainment. Related to serenade and cassation.
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rondeau
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Medieval and Renaissance fixed poetic form and chanson type with courtly love texts.
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rondo
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Musical form in which the first section recurs, usually in the tonic. In the Classical sonata cycle, it appears as the last movement in various forms, including A-B-A-B-A, A-B-A-C-A, and A-B-A-C-A-B-A.
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What is the Baroque suite?
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The Baroque suite is a group of dances, usually in the same key, with each piece in binary form (A-A-B-B) or ternary form (A-B-A). The standard dances in the suite are the allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue.
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What are Handel's best-known orchestral suites?
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Handel's best-known orchestral suites are the Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks.
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What did the French's love for dancing have to do with music?
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The French love for dancing and spectacular staged entertainments contributed to the development of the orchestra.
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What were the ensemble suites by Jean-Joseph Mouret were probably meant for?
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The ensemble suites by Jean-Joseph Mouret were probably meant for an outdoor festival at the French Royal Court.
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ground bass
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A repeating melody, usually in the bass, throughout a vocal or instrumental composition.
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canon
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Type of polyphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitates another at a fixed distance throughout.
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French overture
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Baroque instrumental introduction to an opera, ballet, or suite, in two sections: a slow opening followed by an Allegro, often with a brief return to the opening.
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fugato
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A fugal passage in a nonfugal piece, such as in the development section of a sonata-allegro form.
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Italian Overture
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Baroque overture consisting of three sections: fast-slow-fast.
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toccata
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Virtuoso composition, generally for organ or harpsichord, in a free and rhapsodic style; in the Baroque, it often served as the introduction to a fugue.
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fugue
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Polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint.
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subject
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Main idea or theme of a work, as in a fugue.
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answer
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Second entry of the subject in a fugue, usually pitched a fourth below or a fifth above the subject.
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countersubject
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In a figure, a secondary theme heard against the subject; a countertheme.
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exposition
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Opening section. In the fugue, the first section in which the voices enter in turn with the subject. In sonata-allegro form, the first section in which the major thematic material is stated. Also statement.
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episode
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Interlude or intermediate section in the Baroque fugue, which serves as an area of relaxation between statements of the subject.
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What was often set in one of several forms?
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Baroque instrumental music was often set in one of several forms built on a repeating bass line (ground bass).
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What were the two main types of overture?
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Two main types of overture were the French overture (slow-fast) and the Italian overture (fast-slow-fast).
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what did J. S. Bach's keyboard music include?
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J. S. Bach's keyboard music includes chorale preludes (short organ works elaborating on a chorale melody) and preludes and fugues (a free-form piece followed by a strict imitative piece).
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What was Bach's most famous collection of prelude and fugue?
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Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier is his most famous collection of preludes and fugues, and The Art Fugue is his last and most comprehensive example of contrapuntal writing.
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What ushered the new Classical era?
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The French Rococo and the German "sentimental" styles ushered in the new Classical era.
