USCG BTM Studyguide – Flashcards
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Authority
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The government's legal power to act
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Jurisdiction
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The government's legal right to exercise authority over it's people, vessels, and places
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Jurisdiction triangle
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Location, vessel/ flag, substantive law
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Substantive law
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One that prohibits certain action or requires affirmative conduct
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Types of vessels
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Recreational/private, commercial, noncommercial/ government owned, warship
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14 USC 89
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The Coast Guard shall enforce or assist in the enforcement of all applicable federal laws on, under, and over the high seas and waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
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SEAS II
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Search, examine, arrest, seize, inquire, inspect
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Use of force policy
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Only that amount of force reasonably necessary under the circumstances may be used. Excessive force may never be used.
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Types of self defense
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Individual, unit, national
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Use of force continuum
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Officer presence, verbal commands, control techniques, aggressive response techniques, intermediate weapons, deadly force
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Officer presence
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Good uniform, blue light, boat, gun belt, attitude
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Verbal commands
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Task direction, command/ consequence
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Control techniques
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Has a low probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations, or broken bones. Normal application of handcuffs and pain compliance.
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Aggressive response techniques
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Has a probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations, or broken bones. Irritation to the eyes skin and mucous membranes. Punches, kicks, stuns, OC pepper spray.
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Intermediate weapons
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Have a high probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations, or broken bones. Expandable baton, less than lethal rounds
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Deadly force
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Force that is likely to cause death or serious physical injury. Disfigurement broken bones unconsciousness.
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Four types of subjects
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Passive compliant, passive resistor, active resistor, active aggressor
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Passive compliant subject
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Follows officers requests or verbal direction
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Passive resistor
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Does not follow officer is a request or verbal directions, but offers no physical resistance to the officers attempt to gain control
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Active resistor
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Does not follow officres request or verbal directions and offers physical resistance 2 the attempt to gain control but does not attempt to harm the officer
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Active aggressor
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Attempts to harm or attack the officer
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LEAPS
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Listen, empathize, ask, paraphrase, summarize
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When is it appropriate to draw your weapon?
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1. when deadly force is authorized. 2. When there is a reasonable possibility that the use of deadly force may be required
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Pressure point techniques
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Infra-orbital, hypoglossal, mandibular angle, c-clamp, jugular notch
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Upper body techniques
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Front jab, straight punch, forearm strike, brachial stun, suprascapular stun
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Lower body techniques
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Front snap kick, angle kick, superficial peronial, knee strike
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Deadly force triangle
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Weapon, opportunity, action of subject
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Two prong test for opportunity
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Unrestricted access and maximum effective range
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Coast Guard policy concerning warning shots
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Not authorized with PDW, allowed with approval in certain situations
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Tactical questions
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Without reaching for or grabbing, do you have any weapons on board? Have you been boarded by the Coast Guard this year? Where are you going? Did you catch anything today?
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Custodial situation
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Depends on whether a reasonable innocent person in the subject's position would feel a restraint on his or her freedom of movement to such an extent that it approaches formal arrest. Handcuffing to ensure the safety of the boarding team or to transport a subject to another agency
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Basic initial safety sweep
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To identify any safety hazards is to ensure the seaworthiness of the vessel being boarded
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Scope of a BISS
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Exterior decks, common spaces, bilge areas, Engineering spaces, cargo or fish holds, other areas of safety concern
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Private space
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A reasonable and prudent person would have a reasonable expectation of privacy. Can enter upon permission, safety concern, or probable cause
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Reasonable suspicion
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Belief by a reasonable and prudent person based on articulable facts, that something has happened
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Probable cause
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The level of suspicion that would cause a reasonable and prudent person, given the overall circumstances, to believe a crime has been or is being committed
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Plain view doctrine
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The rule permitting a law enforcement officer, who is otherwise lawfully present in the area, to seize an item that is immediately apparent as evidence
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4th Amendment
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Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
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5th Amendment
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Directly in front or behind the subject. Positions 1 & 3Protects against self incrimination, gives the right to a grand jury and forbids double jeopardy
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Extended ISS
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Checking for known weapons, unaccounted for personnel, and identification of safety hazards
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Confined space
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Large enough for a human to enter, limited means for entry or exit, not designated for continuous human occupancy, possible environmental hazards.
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Confined space policy
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Boarding personnel shall not enter any confined or enclosed spaces until they have been certified safe for entry by a designated competent person such as a gas free engineer or person designated by the command
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Train tracks
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Directly in front or behind the subject. Positions 1 & 3
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Ideal handcuffing position
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Position 2.5
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Ideal interview position
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Position 1.5
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Reactionary gap
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Typically 4-6 feet. Buffer zone for the safety of the boarding team member so he/she can react to the subject's movements
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Line of fire
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Path between the muzzle of your weapon and its intended target. Where the bullet is going
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Triangulation
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Used to avoid bunching and ensure team members aren't in the line of fire. Contact and cover officers and the subject
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Cover
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Any barricade or structure match made provide protection from enemy fire
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Concealment
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Anything that can hide you from the enemy but will not provide protection against enemy fire
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Personal contact and cover
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Contact: directly engaging the subject through talking etc. Cover: watching the situation and ready to intervene/ step in. Can switch people
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Fatal funnel
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A dangerous area where the officer is silhouetted against his own entry point from the vantage point of the enemy inside a space
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Hand cuffs
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Steel (nickel, blued, or stainless plating) chain linked, double locking
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Frisk search
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Crushing and passing of the undergarments in search of weapons
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SIA
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Search incident to arrest. Detailed crush and feel of arrested persons outer garments looking for weapons, evidence and means of escape
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What is the policy regarding strip and cavity searches?
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May only be conducted if there is a reasonable suspicion that there are weapons or means of escape hidden. A Physician or other qualified person of the same sex must administer it in a private/ enclosed area.
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OC pepper spray
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oleoresin capsicum- 5-10% concentration, water based carrier, nonflammable, nontoxic, stream, 3 oz. can, thumb activation and safety
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4 S's of pepper spray
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Shake, shout, spray, shuffle off tracks
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Ballistic needle effect
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Painful physical damage to the eyes from the pepper spray boring into the eye tissue. Caused by being too close when bring sprayed.
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When can the Coast Guard take action in a hostage situation?
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If it appears imminent that the hostages or other innocent persons are about to be killed or seriously injured and there is no reasonable alternative. Must not endanger other Coast Guard personnel
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Property seizure
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When evidence is taken into official custody in order to facilitate the prosecution of an offense. Must be approved.
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Chain of custody
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Knowing and having the responsibility of evidence until passed on to another law enforcement agency. Includes evidence tags and bags, checklists, and invoices (DD 1149)
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Important parts of a written statement
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Who, what, where, when, how, why
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Asylum request
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Asylum is a specific legal status granted to persons requesting protection from persecution or torture. Cannot be granted by the Coast Guard. Must notify OPCON, district command, CG National Command, US Embassy, US consular office
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Temporary refuge
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Physical protection and reasonable care of a claimant by Coast Guard personnel. Including food water and reasonable shelter or medical attention. Must not be in aircraft or residences.
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Three types of radiation contamination
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Air - gaseous or particle suspension. Fixed - cannot be transferred by casual contact Transferrable - contamination that can be easily moved
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Radiation pager
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Coast Guard does not enter levels higher than 4500 microREMs/ hr for GAMMA rays or 20 CPD for neutrons. PRD reads accurately to 5000 microREMs/ hr
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S. M. A. C.
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Stop, move away, alert, close off
