Social Psychology Chapters 1-6 – Flashcards
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Social psychology
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focus on individual within social context
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sociology
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focus on groups or societies
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Quasi experimental
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Professor Mozo designs a study to measure the effect of gender on aggression. Professor Mozo compares the aggression levels between men, women, and transgendered individuals
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experiment
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Professor Mozo wishes to study how aggression is affected by playing violent video games. Professor Mozo has one group play Call of Duty for two hours each day before measuring their aggression and has the other group play Tetris for two hours each day before measuring their aggression.
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Informed Consent
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An individual agrees to participate in an experiment after receiving information regarding the risks involved in participating.
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internal validity
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A measure of how sure I am that my independent variable caused the effect on my dependent variable.
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external validity
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The extent to which my results can be applied to the outside world.
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Positive correlation
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The more you study for a test, the better your grade will be.
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Facial feedback hypothesis
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We feel happier after smiling--even a fake smile
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Proxemics
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Our social and personal space
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Micro expression
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A fleeting facial expression that last for less than one second
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Interchannel discrepancies
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A method of detecting deceptions by comparing facial expressions, body language, and vocal behavior
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Jone's Correspondant Inference Theory
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People believe behavior reflects an underlying disposition if the behavior is freely chosen, yields noncommon effects, and is low in social desirability
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Distinctiveness
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Does the person react the same or differently to different stimuli?
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Actor-Observer Bias
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I believe that when I cut someone off in traffic it is due to the situational forces, but if someone else does it, it is because of personality factors
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Aligning Actions
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When I have to give a speech at work, and I'm afraid I might do poorly, I might use this self-presentation technique by telling my coworkers that I didn't sleep well the night before.
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Perseverance effect
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Even if someone shows me evidence that my belief is wrong, I do not change my beliefs.
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Counterfactual thinking
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Looking back and wondering "what if?"
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Planning fallacy
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Looking forward to create a schedule instead of remembering what happened last time
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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If I expect that I will fail a class, my behavior will be consistent with this expectation, and I likely will fail the class.
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To overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs is
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the overconfidence phenomenon
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representative heuristic
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Jeff is tall and thin, at 6'5". He rolls his eyes every time someone asks him if he is a student athlete on the men's basketball team. Leave me alone he thinks to himself all I want to do is read and write poetry. Just because he is tall, people assume he is a basketball player. This demonstrates
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Priming
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Activating particular associations in memory is called
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Why is it easier to think of words that start with the letter K than words that have the letter K as the third letter?
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availability heuristic
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Sally is flirting with her customer. She flirts with this customer all of the time. Sally's behavior is:
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high consistency
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Which of the following is NOT an indication that someone is lying?
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breaking eye contact
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a universal facial expression of emotion?
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confusion
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The theory of correspondent inferences states
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people infer that other people's intentions and dispositions correspond to their actions.
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Comparing yourself to others who rank lower than you is referred to as:
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downward comparison
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The act of expressing oneself in ways designed to create a favorable impression is:
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self-presentation
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Protecting one's self-image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failure is:
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self-handicapping
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We focus on our own behavior in a social situation, so we may think it is equally the focus of others is:
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egocentric bias
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According to Seligman's explanatory style theory, an individual who has an explanatory style that is _______________, ______________, and _____________ will be more likely to develop feelings of learned helplessness and depression.
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internal, stable, global
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A technique people use to get others to see them as competent is:
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self-promotion
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Linda has always done poorly in her studies. Therefore she does not study. Her behavior can be accounted for by:
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learned helplessness
