2017 science olympiad – Flashcards
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kay antonelli
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Programmer of the first digital electric computer.
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archimedes
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Astronomer, scientist, and physicist. he is known for creating Archimedes principle which deals with buoyancy. An object totally or partly immersed in a liquid is buoyed (pushed up) by a force equal to the weight of the liquid that is displaced.
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aristarchus
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Greek astronomer and mathematician. He was the first to present a heliocentric model of our universe...which means that the sun is in the center and the planets revolve around the sun.
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neil armstrong
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American astronaut. 1st man to walk on the moon. Flew on space mission Apollo 11 in 1969.
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jj audubon
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American ornithologist (studied and documented birds). Paints, studies, and draws birds.
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clara barton
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pioneering nurse, founded the Red Cross, a Civil War nurse
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jacob berzelius
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Swedish chemist. Father of modern chemistry, invented the idea of using chemical symbols for elements. Ex Carbon=C.
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elizabeth blackwell
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first female to graduate from medical school and become the 1st female doctor in the US
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tycho brahe
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Danish astronomer. He developed instruments to measure the positions of the stars. His observations were most accurate as possible before the invention of the telescope.
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annie cannon
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invented the Harvard Classification scheme of stars according to their temperatures.
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george washington carver
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world famous chemist who made important agricultural discoveries and inventions. His research on peanuts, potatoes, and other products helped poor southern farmers vary their crops and improve their diets.
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matteo colombo
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Italian physician who described the passage of blood between the heart and lungs. human anatomy (Italian doctor and surgeon, pulmonology)
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nicolaus copernicus
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created helio-centric (sun-centered) model of the our solar system (astronomer) that means that the sun is in the center of our solar system
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gerty cori
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first woman in the US to win the Nobel Prize in science. She made a number of discoveries about carbohydrate metabolism.
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marie curie
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first woman to win a Nobel Prize (Polish), also won it twice in physics and chemistry. One of the pioneers to discovery and use of X-Rays. Known for work with radioactivity and radium.
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georges cuvier
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paleontology (fossils), extinction (father of paleontology)researches vertebrates and invertebrates
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charles darwin
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Came up with natural selection. Contributed to the ideas of evolution.
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democritus
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Suggested that the world is made up of very small particles called atoms. Known as the "laughing professor."
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rudolph diesel
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invented the diesel engine
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thomas edison
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inventor-light bulb, motion picture camera, phonograph. Born in Milan, OH. Known as America's greatest inventor.
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albert einstein
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E=MC2 (world's most famous equation) Came up with the theory of relativity (physics)
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eratosthenes
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greek astronomer and poet. geography, created the first map of the world using longitude and latitude
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euclid
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Father of geometry.
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enrico fermi
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Italian physicist who created the world's 1st nuclear reactor (architect atomic bomb)
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robert fulton
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created the first steamboat and submarine
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yuri gagarin
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1st human in space (Russian)
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john glenn
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1st American to orbit the earth, US Senator, and astronaut.
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robert goddard
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liquid fueled rocket
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jane goodall
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Studies behavior of chimpanzees.
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charles goodyear
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Invented a type of rubber that is used in tires, shoes, hats, roofs, floors, etc.
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charles hall
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invented an inexpensive method for producing aluminum
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stephen hawking
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black holes suffers from Lou Gehrig's Disease
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edwin hubble
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invented the hubble telescope it was named after him; discovered other galaxies besides the Milky Way
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christian huygens
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studied saturn's rings and discovered Titan (moon of Saturn). He invented the pendulum clock and other timekeeping inventions.
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johannes kepler
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german astronomer. Discovered that the shape of the planets orbits is an eclips. Invented new telescope. laws of planetary motion
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marcello malpighi
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Italian biologist. microanatomy; Malpighian tubule system. Was the first to see red blood cells identified taste buds, and studied the make upof organs.
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Marconi Guglielmo
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Developed the first effective system of radio communication. Founded the Marconi Telegraph Company. Sent wireless signals across the Atlantic Ocean. Won a Nobel Prize.
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maria mayer
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German. Most famous for suggesting the nuclear shell model
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gregor mendel
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Father of modern genetics; inheritance of traits
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dmitri mendeleev
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Russian. Known for the periodic table which organized elements based on their atomic mass.
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samuel morse
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single-wire telegraph; Morse code. Painter and Inventor
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andrew moyer
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Discovered a way to mass produce penicillin (make large quantities)
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isaac newton
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gravity; laws of motion Built the first reflecting telescope.
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florence nightingale
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nurse; "The Lady with the Lamp"
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louis pasteur
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pasteurization; vaccines for rabies and anthrax
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sally ride
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1st American woman in space
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wilhelm röntgen
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x-rays
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jonas salk
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polio vaccine. Also searched for a vaccine for HIV.
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heinrich schwabe
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sunspots
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igor sikorsky
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pioneer in aviation. Designed helicopters and fixed-wing planes
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charles steinmetz
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his discoveries helped us to build better electric motors. Developed the alternating current which greatly helped the electric power industry.
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valentina tereshkova
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1st women in space. Was in 1963
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joseph john thomson
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electrons; mass spectrometer and mass spectrograph. Won Nobel Prize in physics in 1906. Neon was made up of two different atoms.
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antonie van leewenhoek
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Father of Microbiology. Made his own microscope to observe microorganisms.
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alessandro volta
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invented the electrical battery and discovered methan. He proved that electricity could be generated chemically
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alexander von humboldt
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was the first to suggest that the lands bordering the Atlantic Ocean were once joined (especially South America with Africa). He wrote a series of books titled Kosmos.
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james watt
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developed the concept of horsepower, unit of "watt" was named after him. Improved the steam engine
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george westinghouse
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Invented railway air brake; electrical industry
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eli whitney
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Inventor of the cotton gin
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flossie wong-staal
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Chinese American biologist. Cloned HIV to prove that HIV is the cause of AIDS
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orville and wilbur wright (The Wright Brothers)
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airplane; 1st human flight
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georgius agricola
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"The Father of Mineralogy", wrote book on mining and Metallurgy (science of metals) had a book called "De re Metalica"
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Gopal Bose Amar
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Founder and chairman of BOSE corporation. Improved speakers.
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rachel carson
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environmentalist who started modern movement against Pesticides in food and in farming/agriculture to help preserve nature-wrote Silent Spring
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mary agnes meara chase
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self taught Botanist, collected and classified over 10,000 grasses
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henry chandler cowles
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studied plant succession which led to preserving the Indiana Dunes. Botanist who pioneered field of ECOLOGY-studying relationships between plants, landscapes and people
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raymond v. damadian
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"Father of MRI", taking pictures of human body using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
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faraday
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invented the faraday cage. electric motor, popularized scientific knowledge of electricity
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galileo
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Founder of Modern Science. Famous astronomer and mathematician, built telescope
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konrad von gesner
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Father of Modern Zoology-wrote first encyclopedia of all living things
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denise stephenson-hawk
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Physical scientist. First African American and the second woman to earn a doctorate in geophysical fluid dynamics at Princeton University. Studies the science of weather. Currently lives in Atlanta.
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graham hawkes
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ocean engineer and inventor, built ROVs (remotely operated vehicles) for ocean dives, holds world record for deepest solo ocean dive, SUBMARINEs/Submersibles
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Sylvia Earle
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Marine biologist, explorer, author, and lecturer She been a National Geographic explorer in residence since 1988
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robert hooke
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Inspired Leeuwenhoek with his drawings of what he saw under a microscope, first to draw structure of a fly's eye. discovered plant cells. Built some of the earliest microscopes.
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shirley ann jackson
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African-American physicist and telecommunications inventor, research led to portable fax machine, touch tone phones, solar cells, caller id and call waiting
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t.h. maiman
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American scientist who invented the laser
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frederick mckinley jones
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African-American inventor from Cincinnati, OH famous for inventions in refrigeration especially trucks transporting food
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hiroo kanamori
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Japanese seismologist who studied earthquakes
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heike onnes
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Dutch "Gentleman of absolute zero", won Nobel prize for his theory of superconductivity through liquefying helium. How also researched how materials behave when cooled to absolute zero.
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ruth patrick
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Researched diatoms. Botanist by training, pioneer in science and pollution control efforts through studies of fresh water streams/ecosystems
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dr. leonard pike
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Horticulturist, vegetable breeder, developed the "1015 Supersweet onion."
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gary sayler
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Studies biotechnology and effects on the environment. studies soil contaminants and pollutants.
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thales
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First Greek mathematician
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clyde tombaugh
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Discovered Pluto in 1930. Discovered many asteroids. Called for research on ufo's.
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rosalyn sussman yalow
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Medical physicist who created methods to diagnose Hepatitis and Type 2 Diabetes. First american woman to be awarded the Nobel prize in Physiology or medicine.
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lisa white
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Studies human genes to help learn how they may be linked to cancer.
