Viruses. The Final Chapters – Flashcards
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| Ivanowski |
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| Dude that coined the term "filterable virus" |
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| Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) |
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| "First" virus, helical capsid |
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| Bacteriophage |
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| Virus that kills bacteria. |
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| Viroid |
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| Naked circles of RNA that attack PLANTS |
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| Prion |
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| Smallest agents of disease Proteins, not nucleic acids ex diseases: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis, and Kuru |
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| Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis, and Kuru |
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| Examples of Prion diseases. Dammit. |
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| Virion |
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| Term for an individual virus particle |
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| Virus |
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| Infectious, noncellular particles which can redirect the metabolism of living cells |
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| Lack organelles No metabolism, can't make ATP Only one type of nucleic acid Can't reproduce by themselves |
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| General info about viruses |
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| Envelope |
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| Piece of the host cell membrane taken by the virus when it kills the cell; not all viruses have it |
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| Core (Nucleic Acid) Covering (Capsid and Envelope) |
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| Components of a virus |
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| Capsid |
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| All viruses have it, it surrounds the core |
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| Capsomers |
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| building blocks of a capsid |
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| Natural Killer Cells |
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| Cells that can detect and kill the virus even when it has an envelope |
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| Neutrophil |
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| WBC that can't detect a virus when its enveloped |
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| Helical Capsids |
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| Rod shaped capsomers, "slinky", example = TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS |
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| Polygon Capsid |
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| capsid shapes look geometric "daisy death star" Hexon, Penton ex. Polio, adenovirus |
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| Hexon capsomer |
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| form sides of a geometric capsid |
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| Penton capsomer |
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| Form corners of a geometric capsid |
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| Naked virus |
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| type of virus that has no envelope |
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| enveloped virus |
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| type of virus that has an envelope |
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| Complex virus |
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| POX virus - large with a DNA core, no real capsid, just layers of lipoproteins |
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| Capsid (Contains Nucleic Acids) Collar + Sheath (inject nucleic acid) Tail Fibers (for attachment) Tail Pins (also attachment) |
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| Parts of a bacteriophage |
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| 3210 |
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| Jimmy Neutron's House Address |
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| DNA Viruses |
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| 6 Families Smallpox, Herpes simplex, Epstien-Barr, Adenovirus, Papillomavirus, Hepatitis B, Parvovirus |
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| RNA Viruses |
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| 13 Families, includes Hep A, poliovirus,rhinovirus, rubella, ebola, hanta, influenza, rabies, AIDS |
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| rhabdovirus |
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| virus is bullet shaped, causes rabies |
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| togavirus |
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| virus looks like it has a cloak- west nile virus |
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| adenovirus |
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| virus attacks glands |
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| rhinovirus |
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| virus attacks nose, common cold, nonenveloped RNA |
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| picornavirus (pico-RNA-virus) |
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| a very small RNA virus |
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| reovirus (Respiratory Enteric Orphan viruses) |
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| virus that causes no known disease |
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| Lytic cycle |
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| Series of steps in which a virus enters the cell and DESTROYS IT |
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| Virulent Phage |
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| Virus that does the Lytic cycle- enters and destroys cells |
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| Penetration Duplication Assembly Maturation Lysis "Penetrate, DAM!, its destroyed" |
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| Steps of lytic cycle in order |
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| Lysozyme |
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| Enzyme in bacteriophage that digest the pilus |
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| "Ghost" of the Bacteriophage |
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| An empty capsid on the outside of the cell |
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| Eclipse Period |
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| When the virus is inside the host cell and cannot be detected, harder for WBCs to detect/destroy |
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| Lysogenic Cycle |
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| A series of steps where the virus DOES NOT DIRECTLY KILL |
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| Temperate Phage |
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| Does the lysogenic cycle (does not directly kill) |
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| Prophage |
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| Viral DNA which has gone dormant, wait for trigger |
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| Lysogenic bacterium/cell |
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| contains the prophage |
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| Poxvirus |
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| produce skin pustules which leave depressed scars, Enveloped DNA virus |
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| Smallpox and cowpox, not chicken pox |
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| Examples of pox viruses |
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| Variola minor / Variola major |
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| Forms of small pox |
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| Macular |
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| flat pox rash |
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| papular |
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| raised pox rash |
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| vesicular |
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| fluid filled pox rash |
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| pustular |
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| dead cell filled pox rash |
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| Herpesvirus |
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| produces creeping rash, loose fitting envelope - 2 types |
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| HSV1 - labialis or Ocular herpes HSV2 - Herpes genitalia (STD) |
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| 2 types of herpes |
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| Varicella-Zoster Virus (VCV) |
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| Causes chicken pox and shingles, airborne, vaccine = Varivax enveloped DNA virus |
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| Reye's Syndrome |
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| Severe complication of chicken pox linked with asprin |
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| Shingles |
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| VCV goes dormant on spinal or facial nerve Corticosteroids or gaba protein used in treatment |
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| Ebstein-Barr Virus (EBV) |
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| Infectious mononucleosis, enveloped DNA virus |
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| Burkin's lymphoma |
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| Lumpy Jaw w/ EBV, aflotoxin, malaria, milkbush |
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| Aflotoxin |
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| builds on moldy peanuts, linked to burkins with EBV |
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| Hepadnavirus Hep B |
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| Attacks liver, jaundice, vaccine is HBIG Enveloped DNA Virus |
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| Adenovirus |
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| Common cold, nonenveloped DNA virus |
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| Papovavirus |
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| causes warts, STD condyloma acuminate, nonenveloped DNA |
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| papillomas, verrucas, warts |
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| 3 words for wart |
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| Jaundice |
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| Yellowing of skin (Hep) |
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| Parvovirus |
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| Smallest virus, causes erythema contagiosium - infectious in children. nonenveloped DNA |
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| Paramyxovirus |
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| mumps or parotitis, RNA Enveloped Virus, viremia, meningitis, orchitis vaccine = MMR |
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| Morbillivirus |
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| measles (rubeola), kopliks spots, mmr, RNA enveloped |
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| Rhabdovirus |
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| rabies, enveloped RNA virus, neurotropic, negri bodies, vaccine HDCV Imovax, RVA |
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| Neurotropic |
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| attacks nerves |
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| Negri bodies |
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| masses of virions in the neurons appearing as black spots in spinal cord |
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| Rubella |
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| Togavirus that causes German measles, makes monsters, RNA enveloped vaccine = MMR |
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| Flavivirus |
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| Togavirus, West nile and Yellow fever, enveloped RNA, Vector = Culex Mosquito |
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| Culex Mosquito |
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| Vector for the Togavirus, Flavivirus |
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| Aedes aegypti |
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| Vector for yellow jack |
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| attenuated yellow fever |
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| yellow jack/ yellow fever vaccine |
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| Retrovirus |
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| Contain Reverse transcriptase |
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| HIV |
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| Retrovirus, Lentivirus, enveloped RNA, infects macrophages and lymphocytes - esp helper T cells, Latent period |
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| Ebola |
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| Filoviridae, Enveloped RNA, explosive destruction of immune system |
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| Maburg virus |
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| sever hemmorhagic fever, zoonotic, enveloped RNA |
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| Bunyaviridae |
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| Hantavirus, Hemorrhagic fever, enveloped RNA |
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| Orthomyxoviridae |
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| Influenza, 3 Types ABC |
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| Enterovirus |
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| Nonenveloped RNA, picornavirus, polio, vaccine - Salk or Sabin |
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| HepA |
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| Nonenveloped RNA that affects liver |
