Ophtho/derm/rheum-micro Flashcard
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers| What patients are most suseptible to an anaerobic infection |
Trauma, Surgery Vascular Insufficiency Diabetics |
| What are the standard practices for treatment of a Anaerobic infection |
Debridement Drain Abcesses Re-establish Blood flow Systemic Antibiotics |
| What is the most frequent pathogen? |
| Bacteroides |
| Which anaerobic pathogen is Gram (-) |
| Bacteroides |
| What diseases does bacteroides typically cause? |
Peritonitis Local Abcesses Metastatic Abcesses |
| What is the virulence factors of Bacteroides |
Polysaccride Capsule(anti phagocytic and abcess forming) Enzymes-> Abcess formation SOD and Catalase-> Aerotolerant |
| How does bacteroides typically present and how is it treated? |
Intestinal Spillage, Faculatative use O2, baceroides forms an Abcess Rx: with Combo containing Metronidazole bc aminoglyside resistant and PCN resistant |
| Decribe the characteristics of Actinomyces |
Non-spore forming Gram (+) Rod Branching Filamentous growth Sulfur Granules Opportunistic |
| What are the clinical manifestations of actinomyces infection and their cause |
Cervicofacial- Dental procedure Abdominal- Ruptured Bowel Thoracic-Aspiration Pelvic- Old IUD Brain Abcesses |
| What is the laboraory diagnosis of Actinomyces |
In-vivo: sulfur Granules Invitro: Gram(+) Filamentous on Thioglycollate Agar |
| What are the characteristics of Clostridium perfringens |
Gram (+) Obligate Anaerobe Endogenous and Exogenous |
| How does clostridium perfringens infection present? |
Gas Gangrene/Myonecrosis Crepitation Shock/Death |
| What are the characteristics of C. tetani |
Gram (+) Spore forming Rod Motile Drumstick Appearance Soil |
| What are the virulence factors of C. perfringens? |
Alpha Toxin- Lecithanase Degrading Enzymes |
| How do you diagnose and treat C. perfringens infection |
Culture w/ biochem tests Pencillin + Wound care |
| What is the virulence of C.tetani |
| Tetanospasmin blocks Gaba and Glycine Release |
| What are the manifestations of C. tetani |
Trismus(first sign) Opistothonos Respiratory Faliure Neonatal(Umbilical Contamination) |
| Does you body produce immunity to C. tetani? |
| No, the immunogenic amount of toxin is lethal |
| How do you treat a tetanus infection |
Tetanus Immunoglobulin Surgical debridement Metronidazole Supportive therapy |
| What type of vaccine is the tetanus vaccine? |
| toxoid |
