Micro bio vocab – Flashcards
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| Acidophile |
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| organisim taht likes low ph, 5.5 and below |
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| Aerobe |
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| can use or requiers oxygen in resperation |
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| Aerotolerant anaerobe |
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| micro org unable to respire oxygen but does not kill it |
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| Alkaiphile |
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| org that has pg optimin of 8 or higher |
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| Anaerobe |
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| Org that cannot use oxygena nd is inheibited by it |
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| antimicrobial agent |
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| a chemical comound taht kills or inhibits the gorwth of micro orgs |
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| Antiseptic (germicicde) |
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| chemical agend taht kills or inhibits groth of microrgs and is sufficeintly nontoxic to be applied to livng tissue |
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| Autocalve |
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| sealed heating device that destorys microbs via steam and pressure |
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| Bacteriocidal agent |
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| agent that kills bacteria |
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| Bacteriostatic agent |
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| agned that inhbits baceiral growth |
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| batch culture |
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| a closed-system microbial culteure of fixed volume |
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| Binary fission |
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| cell deevision folowwing enlargemnt of a cell to twice it's normal size |
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| biofilm |
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| an attached polysaccharide matrix contaning bacterial cells |
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| cardnial temperature |
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| the min, max and uptamom temp for a givin organisim |
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| Chemostat |
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| a device that allous for the continous cultuere of micro org with indepedent conrol of both gorwth rate and cell number |
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| Compatibal state |
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| a molucule that is accumulated in the cytoplasam of cell for adjustment of water activity ubut does not inhibit bactiral processes |
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| Decontamination |
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| treatement of a surface or object to make it safe to handel |
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| Disinfectant |
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| an antimicribial agend used only on inanimant objects |
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| Divisome |
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| complex of proteins that directs cell division process |
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| Exponential growth |
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| growth of a microbal population in which cell numbers double within specific time interaval |
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| Extream halophile |
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| a micro org that requirs very large amounts of NACL usualy greter than 10% andin some cases need the saturateiron to grow |
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| Facultuative |
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| an org that can grow with or without something |
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| FtcZ |
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| A protein that forms a ring along the mid-cell deiviosn place to initiatte cell devision |
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| Fungicidal agent |
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| kills fungi |
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| Fungialstatic agent |
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| inhibits gorwth of fungi |
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| Generation time |
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| time requried for a population of cells to double |
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| Growth |
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| An increse in cell number |
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| Halophile |
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| micro org that requiers NACL for growth |
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| Halolertant |
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| micro org that does not need NACL but can grow in it's presence |
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| HEPA filter |
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| (high effecaincy particulate air) filer that removes partical including micro orgs from intake or exsaust of air flow |
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| Hypothermophile |
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| procaryote that has an optimum tmeo of 80C or higher |
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| Mesophile |
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| org that gorws between 20-40C |
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| Microaerophile |
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| aherchic organisim that can grow only when oxygen tensions are reduced from the present in air |
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| Neutorphile |
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| An org that grows best at ph 5.5-8 |
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| Minimum inhibatory concentraion (MIC) |
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| the minimum concentraion of substance nessacary to prevent microbal growth |
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| Obligate anerobe |
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| org that cannot grow in the presnecne of oxygen |
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| Osmophile |
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| org that grows best in the presnece ofhigh level of soulte typically a sugar |
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| Pasturazation |
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| the hat treatment of milk and other liquids to reduce the toatl number of microbes |
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| PH |
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| the negative logarithim of the hydrogen ion H+ concnetarion of a solution |
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| Plate Count |
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| a method of counting vial cells,the humber of colonies on a plate is used to measure the number of cells |
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| Psychrophile |
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| an org with a temp of 15C and max growth temp of 20 |
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| Psychrotolrent |
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| able to grow at low temp but has a higher optimim temp of 20C |
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| Sanatizer |
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| an agent that reduces micro orgs to a safe leevel but may not elimanate them. |
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| Sterilant |
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| a chemical agent that destorys all forms of microbail life |
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| Sterilazation |
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| the killing or removal of all livng organisism and viruses |
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| Thermophile |
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| an org who's groth temperateure optimin lies between 40 and 80 C |
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| Viable |
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| able to reproduce |
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| Viable count |
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| a measeurement of the concentarion of cells in a population |
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| Viridal agend |
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| agned taht stops viral reproduction |
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| Viristatatic agnet |
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| agend taht inhibits viral reprodution |
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| Water activity |
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| the ratio of the vapor pressure of air in equaliv with a solution to the vapor pressure of pure water |
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| Xerohile |
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| an org that is able to live or needs to live in dry enviornmetns |
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| Streptomycins |
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| Mode of action (MOA): bind to 16s to freese and slow down 30s Resistantce: common Good for: G-, some G+ |
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| Tetracyclin bacstatic |
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| Tetracyclin Bind to 30S inhibit binding to 70S Borad spectrum good for intracellular Resistance comong Side effect, destroy intenral flora, stains teath/bones |
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| Spectinomycin static |
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| interfer with RNA intearction of 30S Used in treatemnet of penicilin resistant orgs Resistance, rager in Nisseria gonorrhea |
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| Chlorampenical bacstatic |
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| bind to 50s inhibit peptdyl activity broad rage common resistance damgages bone marrow |
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| Macrolider static |
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erythrcmycin resistance common |
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| Fusidic acid static |
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| bind to eleongation factor EF-G and inhibit replection gram + |
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| Daptomycin |
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| G+ board Forms pores in cytoplasmic membrne |
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| Platensimycin |
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| new brwoaed specrum good for MERSA |
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| Peniciline |
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| G+ some syntehics on G- |
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| Cephlosporins |
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| same as peneciline +borader spectrum react to enxyme that maks bata-lactos ring treat gonorrhea |
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| Rifamphin bactrail ciadal |
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| bind to DNA depreset RNA poly inhibit initionation of mRNA sytnehsys tuberculosos common resistance |
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| Quinolones bactiarl ciadal |
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| bind to A subsuit of DNA gyrase prevent super coil G+ cocci resistance: common for halidixis acid develop for cipeflaxin |
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| Sulonamides static |
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| anolog of paramicobenxic acid inhibit dihydroperic acid borad ragne G+, G- comon resistance |
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| Tripnethoirin staic |
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bind to dihydofolate inhbit tetrohydrofic acid comon resistnace |
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| Para-aminosalicic acid PSA satic |
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| similar to sulafa, speciice for mycobaitoins, tb |
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| dapsone static |
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| similar to sufla inhibit mycrolic acids tb resitance devloped |
