Diseases Of The Respiratory System Answers – Flashcards
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Unlock answersSinusitis (cause) |
| Various bacteria (often mixed infection) |
Streptococcal pharyngitis (cause) |
| Streptococci, mainly S. pyogenes |
Scarlet Fever (cause) |
| Streptococcus pyogenes strains producing erythrogenic toxins |
Diptheria (cause) |
| Corynebacterium diphtherium |
Otitis Media (cause) |
| H influenzae, S. pneumonae, others including S. aureus |
Common Cold (cause) |
| Coronaviruses, rhinoviruses |
Pertussis/Whooping Cough (cause) |
| Bordatella pertussis |
Tuberculosis (cause) |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis |
Pneumococcal pneumonia (cause) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Hemophilus influenzae pneumonia (cause) |
| Hemophilus influenzae |
Mycoplasmal pneumonia (cause) |
| Mycoplasma pneumonae |
Legionellosis (cause) |
| Legionella pneumonae |
Influenza (cause) |
| Influenzavirus sp, many serotypes |
Respiratory Syncytical Virus Disease (RSV) (cause) |
| RSV |
Histoplasmosis (cause) |
| Histoplasma capsulatum |
Sinusitis (characteristics) |
Predisposition due to – current infection (often viral), build-up of fluids, anatomy of sinuses, rich environment for bacteria Allergies may lead to this |
Streptococcal pharyngitis (characteristics) |
Group A beta hemolytic Strep Steptokinases - Lyse fibrin Inflamation, fever, ear infections, respiratory route Test with indirect latex White patches and inflamation on throat |
Scarlet fever (characteristics) |
High fever Strawberry Tongue Rash on cheeks and torso Follow untreated strep infection |
Diphtheria (characteristics) |
pseudo-membrane in throat; exotoxin interferes with protein synthesis and damages heart, kidneys, etc. A-B toxin - damages heart and kidney Vaccine- DPT, toxoid |
Otitis media (characteristics) |
Most common in children under 6 because of ear canal tubes middle ear infection; controversy over treatment |
Common cold (characteristics) |
Rhinitis- nose inflammation Sore throat, middle ear Over the counter meds Droplet and fomites spread this disease |
Pertussis/ Whooping Cough (characteristics) |
Destroys cilitated cells Vaccine- Reactions to whole cell New vaccine- acellular with few vaccines |
Tuberculosis (characteristics) |
Minimum infectious dose is 10 cells (very low) Involvement of immune system to stop spread of infection High HIV = High TB 3 million die per year Resistant to drying and chemicals TB Skin test, x rays, and spatam samples Treated 6-9 months with serious drugs BCG- Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin used as vaccine in some countries |
Pneumococcal pneumonia (characteristics) |
| High fever, difficulty breathing, fluid in lungs |
Mycoplasmal pneumonia (characteristics) |
Low fever, cough, headache, 3-6 weeks and the disease is gone |
Legionellosis (characteristics) |
Influenza (characteristics) |
1918 Spanish Flu - Cytokine storm (20 million dead) ? Mostly young adults 5%-20% get it 36k dead per year 200k hospitalized per year Vaccine- Inactivated, Dead virus is most common Other vaccine is Flumist which is live and attenuated See checkpoint 21.8 in book |
RSV - Respiratory syncytial virus disease (characteristics) |
Most common in 2-6 month olds 4500 deaths per year Resembles TB Usually lung, but could be systemic |
Histoplasmosis (characteristics) |
Dimporphic Drugs Bird and bat droppings Respiratory Rate |
