Question 1

The SAT and the GRE are examples of

Accepted Answer

aptitude tests

Question 2

Sternberg suggests that there are ______ intelligences and his theory is known as the _______________.

Accepted Answer

3; triarchic theory

Question 3

Intelligence tests administered to 5-year-olds are

Accepted Answer

are predictive of later school achievement

Question 4

Aidan is a bright young man, who scored very high on both the Critical Reading and Mathematics Sections of the SAT. He is an excellent map-reader and his reasoning abilities are fantastic. According to Spearman, what is likely underlying these abilities?

Accepted Answer

general intelligence \"g\" factor

Question 5

Sandra has been told that her infant has an extra chromosome 21 in his genetic makeup. This suggests that the infant will:

Accepted Answer

will suffer from Down syndrome

Question 6

_______________ is assessed by intelligence tests, which present well-defined problems having a single right answer.

Accepted Answer

Analytical intelligence

Question 7

Which procedure is used to identify the different dimensions of performance that underlie people\'s intelligence scores?

Accepted Answer

factor analysis

Question 8

Dr. James has decided that his 50th birthday would be the perfect time to begin writing an Introductory Psychology textbook. This would be a good time for Dr. James to do this, as he has accumulated years of knowledge about psychology. It would be a demonstration of his:

Accepted Answer

crystallized intelligence

Question 9

Although Phoebe strongly disagrees with her sister\'s opinion, she effectively controls her anger and responds to her sister\'s frustration with empathy. Her behavior best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

emotional intelligence

Question 10

On the original Stanford-Binet, an 8-year-old who responded with the proficiency of an average 10-year-old was said to have an IQ of:

Accepted Answer

125

Question 11

According to Spearman, ______________ underlies specific mental abilities, such that it is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Accepted Answer

general intelligence

Question 12

Which of the following is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test?  a) factor analysis b) regression towards the mean c) correlational analysis d) standard deviation

Accepted Answer

factor analysis

Question 13

___________ is the extent to which a test actually measures what it is supposed to measure.

Accepted Answer

Validity

Question 14

An _____________ measures a person\'s capacity to learn, whereas an _____________ measures what a person has already learned.

Accepted Answer

aptitude test; achievement test

Question 15

The first modern test of intelligence was developed in:

Accepted Answer

France

Question 16

7-year-old Jarrod is in the second grade. He is quite bright and can do the work of a 9-year-old child in the fourth grade. If Jarrod were to take Binet\'s original intelligence test, he would likely have:

Accepted Answer

the mental age of 9

Question 17

Your professor hands out the examination for which the syllabus had said the exam would be on chapters 11 and 12. You are shocked to see that the exam is covering chapters 13 and 14 instead. Your examination clearly lacks:

Accepted Answer

validity

Question 18

As adopted children get older, their intelligence scores:

Accepted Answer

become MORE like their biological parents

Question 19

Your brother is considering adopting an infant from an orphanage that has a reputation for minimal child-caregiver interaction. A 1-year-old boy is available for adoption, but he is passive and not speaking yet. What advice would you give your brother?

Accepted Answer

Provided with responsive caregiving, the chances are good that the boy will learn to talk

Question 20

Identical twins reared together have intelligence test scores that are:

Accepted Answer

virtually as similar as those of a single person taking the same test twice.

Question 21

By praising their employees\' positive behaviors, managers often encourage their workers to continue laboring productively. This best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

reinforcement

Question 22

After discovering that their company\'s best software developers are highly analytical, personnel psychologists focused their employment ads for additional software developers less on applicants\' experience and more on their ability to engage in logical problem solving. This best illustrates their commitment to

Accepted Answer

a strengths-based selection system

Question 23

As a business manager, Julie often calls her employees\' attention to their occasional mistakes while withholding praise for their many accomplishments. Julie fails to take full advantage of a basic principle of

Accepted Answer

operant conditioning

Question 24

Leaders with a vision for goals that they clearly communicate in a way that inspires their group to follow them are said to demonstrate

Accepted Answer

charisma

Question 25

Those who view their work as a necessary but personally unfulfilling way to make money are said to view work as a

Accepted Answer

job

Question 26

Unstructured interviews provide a ________ predictor of on-the-job performance than aptitude tests and a ________ predictor of on-the-job performance than job knowledge tests.

Accepted Answer

worse; worse

Question 27

Human factors psychologists would be most likely to aid in the design of

Accepted Answer

computer keyboards

Question 28

Those who view their work as a career are especially likely to be concerned about opportunities for

Accepted Answer

increasingly better employment positions

Question 29

Engaged employees are likely to

Accepted Answer

know what is expected of them at their workplace

Question 30

Julia is a highly skilled professional violinist. She often becomes so focused and energized by her challenging practice sessions that they last hours longer than she had planned. Her experience best illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

flow

Question 31

In the original Milgram obedience experiment, men aged 20 to 50 had complied fully ________ percent of the time.

Accepted Answer

63

Question 32

The fundamental attribution error is more common in ___________ than it is in ___________.

Accepted Answer

individualistic Western countries; East Asian cultures

Question 33

In the Milgram experiments, the level of obedience was highest when the \"teacher\" was __________ the experimenter and __________ the \"learner.\"

Accepted Answer

close to; far from

Question 34

According to the ______________, people explain behavior by crediting either the situation or the person\'s disposition.

Accepted Answer

attribution theory

Question 35

In making wedding preparations, Jason conforms to the expectations of his future bride\'s family, simply to win their favor. His behavior illustrates the importance of:

Accepted Answer

normative social influence

Question 36

_____________ result(s) from a person\'s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, whereas _____________ result(s) from a person\'s willingness to accept other\'s opinions about reality.

Accepted Answer

Normative social influence; informational social influence

Question 37

Your friend yells at you for being 5 minutes late for lunch. Rather than believe your friend is a rude jerk, you decide that she may be having difficulties with her partner. Thus, her behavior is the result of:

Accepted Answer

a situational attribution

Question 38

_____________ result(s) from a person\'s willingness to accept others\' opinions about reality.

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence

Question 39

In Asch conformity experiments, researchers find that conformity to the group increases when: a) One is made to feel insecure. b) One admires the group\'s status. c) The group is unanimous. d) All of these things will increase conformity to the group

Accepted Answer

D

Question 40

Dr. Cheng studies social influence. He is concerned because he is finding that the rates of conformity in his experiments are much higher than those reported by his cousin, another social influence researcher. Which of the following reasons might account for this difference?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Cheng is conducting his experiments in a country that honors group standards, whereas his cousin is conducting experiments in a country that prizes individualism.

Question 41

The widely used American revision of Alfred Binet\'s original intelligence test was developed by

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman

Question 42

In his study of children with high intelligence scores, Terman found that

Accepted Answer

the children were healthy, well-adjusted, and did well academically

Question 43

_____________ refers to a condition of limited mental ability, which is indicated by an intelligence test score at or below _____, as well as difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent living.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability; 70

Question 44

As adults age, they show the greatest declines in:

Accepted Answer

fluid intelligence and in the memory needed to recall recently presented information

Question 45

Intelligence can be defined as a mental quality that consists of:  a) The ability to learn from experience. b) The ability to solve problems. c) The ability to use knowledge to adapt to new situations. d) All of these mental qualities define intelligence

Accepted Answer

D

Question 46

Alessa achieved an intelligence test score of 100 on a current version of the Stanford-Binet test. This indicates that relative to other adults her age:

Accepted Answer

her intellectual abilities are average

Question 47

In Rain Man, Dustin Hoffman\'s character performs mind-boggling feats of mathematical calculations, yet cannot perform the simplest of tasks such as determining how much change he would receive when buying a candy bar. This illustrates

Accepted Answer

savant syndrome

Question 48

____________ is to a multiple-choice test in a U.S. history class as ____________ is to the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT).

Accepted Answer

Achievement; aptitude

Question 49

Richard learned at an early age how to sell numerous items ranging from chocolate to small electronics. Many say his best education came from the streets he grew up on. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

practical intelligence.

Question 50

________________ represents a person\'s accumulated knowledge (as reflected in vocabulary and analogies tests) and increases up to old age.

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence

Question 51

Dr. Ghauderta has designed a new intelligence test for adolescents. He evaluated the test among various groups including white, black, Asian, and Hispanic populations in order to appropriately norm his scale. When the test is released and administered to other adolescents in the general population we will have _________________ scores to compare our test subjects to.

Accepted Answer

standardized

Question 52

The original intelligence test developed by Binet and Simon set out to measure performance in _____________, which refers to the chronological age that typically corresponds to a given level of performance.

Accepted Answer

mental age

Question 53

The American revision of Binet\'s original intelligence test was called:

Accepted Answer

the Stanford-Binet

Question 54

_______________ refers to our ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use our emotions.

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence

Question 55

Which of the following is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test?

Accepted Answer

factor analysis

Question 56

Zelda was adopted when she was an infant. Her adoptive parents\' intelligence test scores are in the average range. Her biological parents, on the other hand, have test scores well above average. When Zelda is 30, what can we predict about her performance on an intelligence test?

Accepted Answer

It will be more similar to her biological parent\'s test scores

Question 57

Women have been found to score lower on math tests when they are tested alongside men. This best illustrates the impact of:

Accepted Answer

stereotype threat

Question 58

Stereotype threat is most likely to depress female students\' performance on a difficult ____________ test and to depress male students\' performance on a difficult ____________ test.

Accepted Answer

math problem solving; verbal fluency

Question 59

A group-oriented manager who mediates conflicts and builds effective teamwork demonstrates

Accepted Answer

social leadership

Question 60

A business setting in which workers have regular opportunities to do what they do best and perceive that they are part of something significant is one that promotes

Accepted Answer

employee engagement

Question 61

Which profession is most directly involved in the application of psychology\'s principles to the workplace?

Accepted Answer

industrial-organizational psychology

Question 62

After studying artists who would spend hour after hour painting or sculpting with enormous concentration, Csikszentmihalyi formulated the concept of

Accepted Answer

flow

Question 63

If interviewers instantly like a job applicant because of his or her good looks, they may judge the person\'s complimentary remarks as indicating \"polite manners\" rather than \"manipulative flattery.\" This best illustrates the impact of ________ on the interpretation of interviewees\' responses.

Accepted Answer

interviewers\' preconceptions

Question 64

Motivating workers to identify with and commit themselves to a group mission best illustrates

Accepted Answer

transformational leadership.

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