Question 1

The nurse is assessing a client with dark skin who is in Respiratory Distress. Which client response should the nurse evaluate to determine cyanosis in this particular client?  A. Cyanosis in a client with dark skin is seen in the sclera B. Abnormal skin color changes in a client with dark skin cannot be determined C. The lips and mucus membranes of a client with dark skin are dusky in color D. Blanching the soles of the feet in a client with dark skin reveals cyanosis

Accepted Answer

C. The lips and mucus membranes of a client with dark skin are dusky in color  Causes of cyanosis include hypoxemia and decreased cardiac output, which provides clues to respiratory status with changes in skin color and mucous membranes. Cyanosis, a late sign of hypoxemia, is best observed in tissue that has superficial capillary supply, such as mucous membranes, the conjunctiva, lips, palms, and under the tongue, which is readily visible in dark skin

Question 2

Which technique should the PN use to most accurately assess a client\'s baseline BP during a routine health exam?  A. Measure the pressure in each arm while the client sits with both arms supported at heart level B. Calculate avg BP using readings obtained in both arms C. Obtain BP first with client lying supine and then when standing D. Take additional measurements for readings with a 10 mm Hg difference

Accepted Answer

A. Measure the pressure in each arm while the client sits with both arms supported at heart level  BP should be taken initially in both arms while the client is seated or supine with the arm bared, supported, and positioned at the level of the heart

Question 3

A client with gastroenteritis, nausea, and vomiting is currently on Nothing by mouth (NPO) status. The healthcare provider prescribes oral intake to be advanced as tolerated. Which fluid should the practical nurse offer first?  A. Tea B. Broth C. Water D. Soda

Accepted Answer

C. Water  Water or ice chips are the first choices of clear fluids for rehydration by mouth

Question 4

An older client who is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and electrolyte imbalance is confused and incontinent of urine. Which action provides the best strategy for the practical nurse (PN) to implement for the client\'s incontinence?  A. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter B. Apply absorbent incontinence pads C. Restrict fluids after the evening meal D. Establish a 2-hour voiding schedule

Accepted Answer

D. Establish a 2-hour voiding schedule  A 2 hour voiding schedule is the best strategy for urinary incontinence management b/c it provides the client who is confused an opportunity to empty the bladder which minimizes incontinence due to overfilling

Question 5

Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections in a client with an indwelling catheter?  A. Irrigate cath with sterile distilled water  B. Dilute an antiseptic solution in the perineal wash C. Cleanse perineal area with soap and water BID and PRN D. Apply an antibiotic ointment around urinary meatus BID

Accepted Answer

C. Cleanse perineal area with soap and water BID and PRN  Daily perineal care BID and PRN should include cleansing of the meatus and catheter junction with soap and water

Question 6

A male client is upset with the healthcare provider\'s recommendation that he should consent to an above-knee amputation. He tells the practical nurse (PN), if they want to cut off my leg, they should just shoot me instead. How should the PN respond?  A. Ask the client how the surgery might effect his lifestyle B. Offer to stay with the client wile he makes his decision C. Express sympathy that there is no other choice possible D. Explain how many others function well with a prosthesis

Accepted Answer

A. Ask the client how the surgery might effect his lifestyle  Limb amputation alters body image and changes the client\'s ADLs, work, and recreational activities, which triggers a grieving process for the client. Determining the client\'s perception of the procedure\'s impact on his lifestyle is therapeutic and allows the client to explore and discuss feelings

Question 7

A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years now requires increased doses to obtain pain relief. he client expresses fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information should the practical nurse (PN) provide?  A. Opioid use with cancer does not cause addiction B. Addiction is easily reversed if it occurs during pain management C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improves quality of life D. Opiate dosages can be tapered is a client fears addiction

Accepted Answer

C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improves quality of life  The goal of pain management for clients with cancer using opiates is to minimize pain and improve quality of life, making pain relief rather than addiction, the primary goal

Question 8

Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a client cope effectively with chronic pain?  A. Administer around the clock opiate drugs B. Give scheduled doses of benzodiazapines  C. Recommend avoiding painful activities D. Encourage using relaxation techniques

Accepted Answer

D. Encourage using relaxation techniques   They can be an effective long-term strategy to help the client control tension, anxiety, and cope with chronic pain

Question 9

A young woman, who is the primary caregiver for her mother who has Alzheimer\'s disease, tells the practical nurse (PN), \"Sometimes I hate my mother for living this long and my Dad for dying and not caring for her.\" What response should the PN offer?  A. What you do to cope with these feelings?  B. Have you told your family how you feel?  C. It\'s normal feel these emotions when you are stressed.  D. Don\'t worry, at least you can talk about your angry.

Accepted Answer

A. What you do to cope with these feelings?  A response that invites the client to share feelings and perceptions is the most therapeutic communication.

Question 10

A male Native American client with tuberculosis is visiting a health care clinic for follow up treatment. During the interview, the practical nurse (PN) notices that the client keeps his eyes on the floor and does not make eye contact. How should the PN interpret this client\'s behavior?  A. He is uncomfortable with violation of his personal space B. The client is depressed and concerned about his diagnosis C. His culture finds sustained eye contact rude and disrespectful  D. The client is reluctant to speak without a tribal shaman there

Accepted Answer

C. His culture finds sustained eye contact rude and disrespectful   Native Americans usually avoid sustained eye contact as a sign of respect

Question 11

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is admitted with influenza and vomiting for 3 days. The client\'s skin turgor is poor and oral mucous membranes are dry. Which finding is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report to the charge nurse?  A. Weight loss of 4lbs in the last 3 days B. Hypotension and tachycardia C. Nausea and anorexia D. Dark amber urine output at 30mL/hour

Accepted Answer

B. Hypotension and tachycardia  Fluid loss from vomiting causes a shift in intravascular fluids causing dehydration, hypotension, and tachycardia, which should be reported to the charge nurse

Question 12

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting a client plan a balanced vegetarian diet that provides the highest in protein quality. Which selection should the PN recommend to the client? A. Soybeans.  B. Peanuts.  C. Whole wheat.  D. Sesame seeds.

Accepted Answer

A. Soybeans  They are the highest in protein quality and contain the most nutritive value.

Question 13

The client is receiving a continuous tube feeding. While checking the gastric residual volume, the practical nurse (PN) aspirates 150 mL of gastric contents. What action should the PN take?  A. Rinse the feeding tube after throwing away the aspirated gastric contents and restart the feeding B. Replace half of the aspirated gastric contents and slow the rate of feeding C. Throw the aspirated gastric contents away and stop the continuous feeding D. Return all the aspirated contents to the stomach followed with water and consult agency policy

Accepted Answer

D. Return all the aspirated contents to the stomach followed with water and consult agency policy  The residual volume should be replaced in order to prevent loss of electrolytes, and the agency policy should be followed to determine routine actions regarding the volume of the next feeding, rate of feeding, and duration to withhold the continuous feeding

Question 14

During insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) into the right nares, the client starts to cough. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement?  A. Notify the HCP and report the inability to insert the NGT B. flush NGT with 30mL of tap water to check for patency C. Withdraw NGT to oral pharynx, reposition client\'s head, and reinsert  D. Continue placing NGT because coughing is an expected response

Accepted Answer

C. Withdraw NGT to oral pharynx, reposition client\'s head, and reinsert   Difficulty entering the esophagus during insertion of NGT may cause the client to cough if tube enters larynx, which requires stopping insertion of NGT. To reintroduce the NGT, it should be withdrawn until its tip is visualized in the oral pharynx, and the client\'s head repositioned with the chin closer to the chest to prevent the NGT from entering the trachea

Question 15

The practical nurse (PN) observes a client who begins to choke during a meal. determining that the client cannot speak, what action should the PN implement?  A. Initiate CPR B. Administer 4 upward abdominal thrusts C. Sweep airway with a hooked index finger D. Place a fist halfway b/w xiphoid process and umbilicus

Accepted Answer

D. Place a fist halfway b/w xiphoid process and umbilicus

Question 16

An older male client who is incontinent receives a prescription for a condom catheter. Which step(s) should the practical nurse implement when applying the external catheter? (select all that apply)  A.Wrap the adhesive strip in a spiral around the penis. B. Shave perineal areas before beginning C. Apply skin prep to the penile shaft and allow to dry. D. Leave 1 to 2 inches between the tip of the penis and condom catheter.

Accepted Answer

A.Wrap the adhesive strip in a spiral around the penis. C.Apply skin prep to the penile shaft and allow to dry. D. Leave 1 to 2 inches between the tip of the penis and condom catheter.  Spiral application of adhesive strip minimizes risk of constricting blood flow t penis. Skin prep ensures condom adhesion and prevents leakage. Adequate space allows urine to drain.

Question 17

The practical nurse (PN) is irrigation a client\'s indwelling urinary catheter, After injection normal saline as prescribed, what action should the PN implement?  A. Massage client\'s bladder for 30-45 sec B. Keep tubing clamped for 30-45 min C. Unclamp tubing and lower collection bag D. Ask client to take deep breath and hold it

Accepted Answer

C. Unclamp tubing and lower collection bag  Immediately after irrigating a urinary cath, the tubing should be unclamped and the collection bag should be lowered below level of the bladder for proper drainage

Question 18

A client\'s indwelling urinary catheter is removed at 9:30 AM. The practical nurse (PN) assesses the client every two hours for the desire to void. Which documented assessment requires further intervention by the PN?  A. 1:30 pm - unable to void B. 5:30 pm - unable to void C. 3:30 pm - unable to void D. 11:30 am - unable to void

Accepted Answer

B. 5:30 pm: unable to void.  Should be able to void within 8 hours after catheter is removed

Question 19

The healthcare provider prescribes a cleansing enema for an adult prior to bowel surgery. Which intervention(s) should the practical nurse implement to ensure adequate bowel cleansing? (Select all that apply)  A. Place the client on the left side in Sim\'s position. B. Use enema fluid that is near 105 F (40.4 C). C. Repeat enemas until expelled fluid is clear D. Instill 500 mL to 1,000 mL fluids slowly. E. Raise the enema container 20 inches above anus. F. Encourage the client to retain fluid 10 to 15 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A. Place the client on the left side in Sim\'s position. B. Use enema fluid that is near 105 F (40.4 C). D. Instill 500 mL to 1,000 mL fluids slowly. E. Raise the enema container 20 inches above anus. F. Encourage the client to retain fluid 10 to 15 minutes.

Question 20

Which position is best for the practical nurse to place the client during administration of a rectal suppository for constipation?  A. Prone with pillows under abd B. Supine with client on bedpan C. Left Sims\' with upper leg flexed D. Right side-lying knee-chest position

Accepted Answer

C. Left Sims\' with upper leg flexed  Lessens the likelihood that suppository or feces will be expelled, exposes the anus for visualization during insertion, and helps client relax the external anal sphincter

Question 21

The practical nurse (PN) is adding tap water to several medications for administration via feeding tube. Which preparation should the PN administer without delay?  A. Reconstituted powder.  B. Timed release capsule. C. Cherry flavored elixir.  D. Flavorless suspension.

Accepted Answer

B. Time released capsule  Although the gelatin capsule can be opened to administer the spansule\'s granules, the PN should not crush or allow the timed-released granules to dissolve before administering this preparation via feeding tube since the timed-release function can be compromised.

Question 22

Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take when drawing medication from an ampule?  A. Aspirate with a filter needle and syringe B. Tap bottom of ampule lightly C. Snap neck of ampule towards nurse D. Use alcohol swab to open ampule

Accepted Answer

A. Aspirate with a filter needle and syringe  Ampule is made of glass with a constricted neck that is snapped off to allow access to the medication. Meds are easily withdrawn from ampule by aspirating with a filter needle and syringe. Filter needles are used when withdrawing medication from an ampule to prevent glass particles from being drawn into the syringe with the medication

Question 23

The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to reconstitute a drug from powder for for IM administration. Which step should the PN implement first?  A. Verify the drug with the medication administration record (MAR). B. Mix powder with the solution C. Attach needle to syringe D. Read label to determine amount of dilutent to use

Accepted Answer

A. Verify the drug with the medication administration record (MAR)  5 rights of medication administration: right drug, right dose, right route, right time, and right client

Question 24

Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when administering a subcutaneous injection to a client who weighs 325 pounds?  A. Produce a bleb at injection site B. Insert needle at 15 degree angle C. Select a needle with a longer shaft. D. Rub vigorously for faster response

Accepted Answer

C. Select a needle with a longer shaft  This ensures penetration into deep layer of subcutaneous adipose of obese client; needle must be longer than usual needle which is 3/8-5/8 of an inch

Question 25

Which finding indicates to the practical nurse (PN) that an older client who is receiving intravenous therapy is experiencing fluid overload?  A. Edema in lower extremities B. Crackles in lungs C. Pulse rate of 64 beats/minute D. Respirations of 16 breaths/minute

Accepted Answer

B. Crackles in lungs  IV fluid overload in older client likely causes an increase in the workload of the heart causing decrease in cardiac output. As left ventricle decompensates, the client manifests crackles in lung fields, an increased pulse rate, and shortness of breath

Question 26

The practical nurse (PN) is checking the surgical dressing for a client who arrived on the postoperative unit an hour ago. The dressing has an increase in the accumulation of serosanguinous drainage. what nursing action should the PN take?  A. Reinforce dressing with clean gauze sponges and tape B. Change surgical dressing immediately to prevent infection C. Mark the outlined area of drainage with date, time and initials D. Collect a sample of drainage for a culture and sensitivity

Accepted Answer

C. Mark the outlined area of drainage with date, time and initials  Should be outline with date, time, and initials for future comparison and evaluation

Question 27

The male client who is 2 days postoperative for exploratory abdominal surgery is ambulating in the hall with the practical nurse (PN). The client tells the PN, \"I think something in my incision just let go.\" which action should the PN implement first?  A. Notify HCP B. Assist client to supine position C. Instruct client to avoid deep breathing D. Request abd binder from coworker

Accepted Answer

B. Assist client to supine position  \"Letting go\" = dehiscence, and client should be placed in supine position to minimize suture line stress, by displacing force of gravity and causing evisceration

Question 28

The practical nurse (PN) is applying a dry, sterile dressing to a client\'s abdominal wound. Which allergy should the PN verify with the client?  A. Tape B. Antibiotic ointment C. Povidone-iodine D. Hydrogen peroxide

Accepted Answer

A. Tape

Question 29

The practical nurse (PN) is changing a postoperative dressing for a client with a horizontal lower abdominal incision. What method should the PN use to remove the tape from the dressing?  A. Pull from left to right across abd B. Peel across abd from right to left C. Start from top of incision moving to bottom D. Remove all four sides by moving to the center of the incision

Accepted Answer

D. Remove all four sides by moving to the center of the incision  This is done to prevent disruption of the wound

Question 30

Which action should the practical nurse (PN) follow when applying an elasticized bandage to a client\'s leg?  A. Secure the end with metal clips.  B. Overlap turns of the bandage equally.  C. Adjust the tension as needed.  D. Wrap from the proximal to distal end.

Accepted Answer

B. Overlap turns of the bandage equally.

Question 31

An older client who has been on bed rest in not eating well and is exhibiting abdominal distension, cramping, and is passing small amounts of liquid stool. Which prescribed action is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to implement?  A. Place incontinence pads on bed B. Give PRN dose of stool softener C. Digitally remove a fecal impaction D. Administer soap subs enema

Accepted Answer

C. Digitally remove a fecal impaction

Question 32

Acetaminophen is prescribed for an unconscious client with a temperature of 104Â° F. Which route should the practical nurse (PN) plan to administer this medication?  A. Oral.  B. Rectal.  C. Buccal.  D. Topical.

Accepted Answer

B. The rectal route  Ensures absorption and safety for an unconscious client who is at risk for aspiration.

Question 33

An older client who complains of dry mouth is having trouble swallowing pills. What action should the practical nurse take when administering an enteric-coated tablet?  A. Crush med and minx with cereal B. Place the whole tablet in a spoonful of pudding C. Break pill in half to make it easier to swallow D. Dissolve drug in 4 oz of applesauce

Accepted Answer

B. Place the whole tablet in a spoonful of pudding  Enteric-coated meds are designed for dissolution and absorption in intestine and should not be broken or crushed

Question 34

An older client who is unable to swallow is receiving continuous nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding. Before administering medication through the NGT, what action should the practical nurse (PN) implement?  A. Flush the feeding tube with water B. Put client in supine position C. Assess client\'s ability to swallow D. Prime solution in feeding pump

Accepted Answer

A. Flush the feeding tube with water  Prevents any interactions that may plug the tube

Question 35

The practical nurse (PN) is preparing an intramuscular injection for a client who is 5 feet tall and weighs 90 pounds. Which needle size should the PN select for a 3 mL syringe when using the IM ventrogluteal injection site?  A. 1 inch B. 2 inches C. 5/8 in D. 1 1/2 in

Accepted Answer

A. 1 inch  Shorter needle is used to avoid striking bone

Question 36

The practical nurse (PN) obtains an elevated blood pressure reading for an older male client who is alert. When the PN offers the client his morning blood pressure medication, he refuses to take it. What action should the PN take?  A. Mix the crushed meds into his morning oatmeal B. Explain the importance of routine use of antihypertensives C. Tell client that he should not refuse his prescriptions  D. Document that the client refused to take his meds

Accepted Answer

B. Explain the importance of routine use of antihypertensives  A client has the right to refuse medications but should be informed of the therapeutic value or routine compliance compliance with taking antihypertensives

Question 37

An older female states that the medication tablet brought in a cup looks different from the tablet that she takes at home. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take?  A. Double check med with charge nurse B. Give meds b/c client is confused C. Check the written prescription to verify the medication D. Reassure client that the medication is correct

Accepted Answer

C. Check the written prescription to verify the medication  This is the first line of defense against medication errors

Question 38

While taking an adult\'s vital signs, the practical nurse (PN) notes an irregular radial pulse, What action should the PN implement to obtain the most accurate assessment?  A. Use Doppler for radial pulse while monitoring apical B. Obtain radial pulse again for full minute followed by apical pulse  C. Perform an apical-radial pulse assessment with another nurse  D. Verify finding by counting apical pulse using stethoscope

Accepted Answer

C. Preform an apical-radial pulse assessment with another nurse  Apical-radial pulse provides the most objective comparison when one nurse obtains the radial pulse and another nurse simultaneously auscultates the apical pulse

Question 39

The practical nurse (PN) contacts the healthcare provider about an older client who is agitated and aggressive with the staff. Which reason should the PN use to request a prescription for wrist restraints?  A. To decrease client\'s agitation and acting-out behaviors B. To provide an effective way to reduce falls when client is alone C. To protect client and reduce the likelihood of lawsuits D. To ensure the client\'s safety when the benefits outweigh the risk

Accepted Answer

D. To ensure the client\'s safety when the benefits outweigh the risk.

Question 40

Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when supporting an older client who is afraid of dying?  A. Ask the client about his belief of a spiritual life after death B. Provide basic comfort measures to alleviate pain and breathlessness C. Use open-ended questions to encourage the client to share feelings D. Talk about common beliefs that others have expressed about death

Accepted Answer

C. Use open-ended questions to encourage the client to share feelings

Question 41

A family member of a dying client asks the practical nurse (PN) if the client knows the family is at the bedside. The PN explains that which of the five senses persists the longest during the dying process?  A. Smell B. Touch C. Vision D. Hearing

Accepted Answer

D. Hearing

Question 42

Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a male client cope with his fear as he approaches death?  A. Tell client that he will soon find peace and comfort B. Encourage family members to cry at client\'s bedside C. Hold the client\'s hand and tell him he is not alone D. Explain signs of impending death to client\'s family

Accepted Answer

C. Hold the client\'s hand and tell him he is not alone  Therapeutic touch communicates the presence of others and helps reduce feelings of aloneness, expresses genuine care and concern, and supports a fearful client

Question 43

An older client is receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feedings for several days. Which finding should the PN report to the HCP?  A. Soft, formed stools B. Urine output of 2000mL a day C. Abd distention and nausea  D. Dried mucus around nasal tube

Accepted Answer

C. Abd distention and nausea   Abd distention and nausea indicate a decrease in rate of stomach emptying or an excessive rate of intake

Question 44

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older client who is NPO after surgery. The client complains that his mouth and mucous membranes are dry. Which intervention should the PN implement to increase the client\'s comfort?  A. Increase oral fluid intake B. Preform oral hygiene frequently C. Swab inside of mouth with petroleum jelly D. Report rate of IV fluid administration

Accepted Answer

B. Preform oral hygiene frequently

Question 45

The practical nurse (PN) is giving oral care to an older female client with tender gums that bleed easily because of a medication she is taking. What intervention should the PN implement?  A. Encourage client to massage gums B. Use mouth wash only C. Obtain a soft-bristle brush for the client D. Have client rinse with warm salt water

Accepted Answer

C. Obtain a soft-bristle brush for the client  Client needs oral hygiene and soft bristle brushes minimize gingival bleeding

Question 46

Which time frame should the practical nurse (PN) reposition a client?  A. q 4 hours when awake B. Twice per shift C. q 2 hours D. With each client request

Accepted Answer

C. q 2 hours

Question 47

An older male client tells the practical nurse (PN) that his religion does not permit him to bathe daily. How should the PN respond?  A. State that the HCP has prescribed a bath today B. Offer the client several choices of times to bathe during the day C. Review the importance of hygienic measures for improved health D. Request that the client clarify his religious beliefs about bathing

Accepted Answer

D. Request that the client clarify his religious beliefs about bathing

Question 48

An older male client who is sedentary complains of not having a formed bowel movement in four days and tells the practical nurse (PN) that he feels rectal pressure and has a constant headache. The PN determines the client is having frequent small, liquid stools. Which nursing action should the PN take first?  A. Provide frequent intake of oral fluids B. Digitally assess for impacted stool C. Give prescribed stool softener D. Administer a mild analgesic

Accepted Answer

B. Digitally assess for impacted stool  Presence of liquid stool indicates impaction

Question 49

The practical nurse (PN) is obtaining information for a male client\'s psychosocial assessment. Which action should the PN implement first?  A. Determine the value the client places on his health B. Establish a therapeutic relationship C. Determine is he has abnormal behaviors D. Ask the client to share info about his past

Accepted Answer

B. Establish a therapeutic relationship

Question 50

Which food should the practical nurse (PN) recommend for a client to increase the dietary intake of potassium.  A. Corn B. Baked potato  C. Popcorn D. Grape juice

Accepted Answer

B. Baked potato

Question 51

An 80 year old male client who has arthritis and is having difficulty walking, tells the practical nurse (PN), \"It\'s awful to be old, It seems as thought every day is a struggle. No one cares about an old person.\" What is the best response for the PN to provide?  A. \"It\'s true. We are a youth-oriented society\" B. \"Oh, let\'s not focus on the negative. Tell me something good\" C. \"It sounds as though you\'re having a difficult time. Tell me about it\" D. \"You\'re still able to get around, and your mind is as sharp as a tack

Accepted Answer

C. \"It sounds as though you\'re having a difficult time. Tell me about it\"  Communicating empathy and acknowledging the client\'s difficulty allows the client to express his feelings

Question 52

A client whose diet is low in fiber is at risk for which condition? A. Hip fracture.  B. Diarrhea.  C. Confusion.  D. Colon cancer.

Accepted Answer

D. Colon cancer  Fiber speeds the movement of substances through the GI tract, reducing the amount of time the colon absorbs water and its exposure to digestive end-products that may be carcinogenic. Low-fiber diets increase the risk for constipation and colon cancer

Question 53

An older female recently diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) cooks at home using saturated fats, Which intervention should the practical nurse implement to help the client reduce modifiable risk factor(s)?  A. Recommend adoption of a low sodium vegetarian diet B. Encourage food preparation with various vegetable oils C. Explain the benefits of a modified exercise program D. Provide pamphlets which outline CAD risk factors

Accepted Answer

B. Encourage food preparation with various vegetable oils

Question 54

Which action by the practical nurse (PN) demonstrates the value of dignity in client care?  A. Reviews medications and allergies with charge nurse B. Closes the door and covers the client during a bath C. Uses the client\'s first name during admission D. Shares concerns about client\'s condition with family

Accepted Answer

B. Closes the door and covers the client during a bath

Question 55

Which growth and developmental characteristic should the practical nurse (PN) consider when discussing spirituality with an adolescent client?  A. Has a good concept of a supreme being.  B. Questions religious practices and values.  C. Gives oneself to spiritual tasks.  D. Accepts the meaning of spiritual faith.

Accepted Answer

B. Questions religious practices and values.  An adolescent often reconsiders child-like concepts of a spiritual power, and in the search for an identity may either question practices and values, or may find spiritual power as the motivation to seek a clearer meaning to life. Older adults, not adolescents, often turn to important relationships and give themselves to spiritual tasks

Question 56

The practical nurse (PN) identifies a client\'s need for spiritual support. What is the first action the PN should take? A. Refer the client to a client advocate or personal chaplain.  B. Provide the client with religious literature and references.  C. Suggest the client use one\'s religious faith to cope.  D. Determine the client\'s perceptions and belief system.

Accepted Answer

D. Determine the client\'s perceptions and belief system.  Exploring the client\'s spirituality may reveal responses to health problems that require nursing intervention. A client\'s perceptions and belief system should be determined, which may reveal a strong set of resources that enable the client to cope effectively. Once the client\'s value and belief systems are assessed, then (A, B and C) may be implemented to provide the client with spiritual support.

Question 57

The practical nurse (PN) is obtaining the vital signs for a client who has a urinary tract infection with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). How should the PN proceed?  A. Wear exam gloves and use a disposable stethoscope B. Wipe the stethoscope before removing from the room C. Don a gown and gloves before entering the room D. Use a mask and gloves when entering the room

Accepted Answer

C. Don a gown and gloves before entering the room  MRSA requires contact isolation (gown and gloves)

Question 58

A client is receiving a Mantouz test for tuberculosis screening. Which angle should the practical nurse (PN) insert the needle for injection?  A. 15 degrees B. 30 degrees C. 45 degrees D. 90 degrees

Accepted Answer

A. 15 degrees  Deposits antigen into the dermis

Question 59

A client receiving supplemental oxygen needs to be suctioned to remove excess secretions from the airway. Which intervention should the practical nurse implement to maximize the client\'s oxygenation?  A. Encourage deep breathing prior to suctioning.  B. Increase the oxygen flow rate during suctioning attempts.  C. Provide oxygen during rest periods between suctioning.  D. Limit suctioning attempts to five second intervals.

Accepted Answer

C. Provide oxygen during rest periods between suctioning.   When a client is unable to effectively clear respiratory tract secretions with coughing, suctioning with oxygen during rest periods of 10 to 15 seconds between suction attempts should be provided to ensure maximal oxygenation.

Question 60

Which assessment should the practical nurse (PN) make to best evaluate a client\'s fluid status?  A. Skin turgor B. Intake and output C. Daily body weight D. Serum electrolyte levels

Accepted Answer

C. Daily body weight  This is the best indicator b/c a sudden increase or decrease in weight in 24 hours provides an estimate to fluid volume retention or loss

Question 61

Based on The Joint Commission (TJC) standards for pain assessment and treatment, which action is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to implement when assessing a client?  A. Use a pain scale to assess all clients for pain when obtaining vital signs.  B. Collect objective information about pain to provide the best prescribed treatment. C. Prioritize pain assessment for surgical clients before clients with chronic illness. D. Give prescribed medications to all clients with outward expressions of pain.

Accepted Answer

A. Use a pain scale to assess all clients for pain when obtaining vital signs.   The priority action, consistent with TJC pain standards, includes assessing all clients for pain, the fifth vital sign, which is best determined with a pain scale.

Question 62

Which food should the practical nurse (PN) recommend to a client as a source of complete protein?  A. Oats B. Eggs C. Lentils D. Peanuts

Accepted Answer

B. Eggs  Sources of complete protein are animal based

Question 63

The practical nurse (PN) identifies several findings in an older female who is on prolonged bed rest. Which finding requires prompt action by the PN?  A. Heart rate increase of 10 beats/minute B. Bowel movements decreased to one every third day C. Urinary output decreased to 250 mL in the last 24 hours D. Systolic BP decrease of 10 mm Hg

Accepted Answer

B. Bowel movements decreased to one every third day  Immobility reduces venous return, fluid intake, and peristalsis, which reduces frequency for BM and increases risk for constipation and impaction

Question 64

The practical nurse (PN) is providing wound care for a client with a stage III pressure ulcer on the left heel. To achieve the goal, and increase in granulation tissue development within two weeks, which intervention should the PN implement?  A. Replace dry sterile dressing PRN B. Irrigate wound with normal sterile saline C. Apply heat for 15min three times a day D. Remove heal protector every 2 hours

Accepted Answer

B. Irrigate wound with normal sterile saline  Normal saline irrigation and light mechanical action with gauze sponges provides gentle cleansing that prevents disruption of granulation tissue

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