AP Gov Chapter 9 – Flashcards
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Acquisitive bureaucracies
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organizations that are self-perpetuating and demand funding that will result in the continued existance of the agency
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bureaucracies
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Large administrative agencies reflecting a hierarchical authority, job specialization, and rules and regulations that drive them
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Civil Service Reform Act
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Congress took action in the late 19th century to protect ethical politicians and create standards for political service; including, a civil service test for those seeking a job in government.
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division of labor
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Division of work into a number of separate tasks to be performed by different workers
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government corporation
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a government organization that, like business corporations, provides a service that could be provided by the private sector and typically charges for its services. the US postal service is an example.
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hatch act
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Federal statute barring federal employees from active participation in certain kinds of politics and protecting them from being fired on partisan grounds.
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independent executive agency
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A federal agency that is not part of a cabinet department but reports directly to the president. ex. NASA
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independent regulatory agencies
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Federal regulatory agencies that are independent, thus not fully under the power of the president. Ex. Federal Trade Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission.
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iron triangle network
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the relationship in bureaucracy that links together government agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees
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monopolistic bureaucracies
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organizations where there is no competitive equal, such as the Social Security Administration, that also exists in the private sector. Thus the citizen is forced to deal with that particular government agency
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pendleton act
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1883, enacted civil service reform, said the Civil Service Exam must be taken in order to recieve most government jobs (highest scores got the jobs), banned federal employees from giving campaign money to their party
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qausi judicial
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to act in a manner that is judicial when enforcing penalties for violations of regulations
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qausi legislative
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to act in a manner that is legislative when issuing regulations
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red tape
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Complex bureaucratic rules and procedures that must be followed to get something done.
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REGO
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"reinvent government"; a plan made by Clinton and Gore that would make the fed. gvmt. work better and cut down the defecit.
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regulatory policy
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policy that results in government control over individuals and businesses. Examples include protection of the environment and consumer protection
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spoils system
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the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power
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Administrative discretion
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the ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional intentions
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budget appropriations
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The yearly amount given to a government agency by Congress.
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bureaucrat
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An official in a government department. An administrator concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people's needs.
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cabinet-level department
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part of the "unwritten Constitution" it was first established by George Washington and includes federal departments such as state, defense, etc.
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civil service system
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the system by which many appointments to the federal bureaucracy are made
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Federal Employees Political Activities Act
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the 1993 liberalization of the Hatch Act. Federal employees are now allowed to run for office in nonpartisan elections and to contribute money to campaigns in partisan elections.
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Fragmentation
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A situation in which responsibility for a policy area is dispersed, making it difficult to coordinate the policy.
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Government Corporation
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A government agency that operates like a business corporation, created to secure greater freedom of action and flexibility for a particular program.
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Implementation
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The process of putting a law into practice through bureaucratic rules or spending.
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issue networks
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The loose and informal relationships that exist among a large number of actors who work in broad policy areas
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weberian theory
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the belief that bureaucracies are a rational way for complex societies to organize themselves.
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Merit System
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the system by which federal civil service jobs are classified into grades or levels to which appointments are made on the basis of performance on competitive examinations
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oversight
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the effort by congress, through hearings, investigations, and other techniques, to exercise control over the activities of executive agencies
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patronage
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Jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support.
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Pendleton Civil Service Act
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reform measure that created the Civil Service Commission to administer a partial merit system. The act classified the federal service by grades, to which appointments were made based on the results of a competitive examination. It made it illegal for federal political appointees to be required to contribute to a particular political party.
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administrative adjudication
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a quasi-judicial process in which a bureaucratic agency settles disputes between two parties in a manner similar to the way courts resolve disputes
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rule making
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a quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act
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regulation
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rule that governs the operation of a particular government program and has the force of law
