question

Ulysses Grant's status as a military hero enabled him to become a successful president who stood above partisan politics.

answer

false

question

The scandals of the Grant administration included bribes and corrupt dealings reaching to the cabinet and the vice president of the United States.

answer

true

question

The Liberal Republican movement's political skill enabled it to clean up the corruption of the Grant administration.

answer

false

question

The severe economic downturn of the 1870s caused business failures, labor conflict, and battles over currency.

answer

true

question

The close, fiercely contested elections of the Gilded Age reflected the deep divisions between Republicans and Democrats over national issues.

answer

false

question

The battles between the "Stalwart" and "Half-Breed" Republican factions were mainly over who would get patronage and spoils.

answer

true

question

The disputed Hayes-Tilden election was settled by a political deal in which Democrats got the presidency and Republicans got economic and political concessions.

answer

false

question

The Compromise of 1877 purchased political peace between North and South by sacrificing southern blacks and removing federal troops in the South.

answer

true

question

The sharecropping and tenant farming systems forced many Southern blacks into permanent economic debt and dependency.

answer

true

question

Western hostility to Chinese immigrants arose in part because the Chinese provided a source of cheap labor that competed with white workers.

answer

false

question

By reducing politicians' use of patronage, the new civil-service system inadvertently made them more dependent on big campaign contributors.

answer

true

question

The Cleveland-Blaine campaign of 1884 was conducted primarily as a debate about the issues of taxes and the tariff.

answer

false

question

The Republican party in the post-Civil War era relied heavily on the political support of veterans' groups, to which it gave substantial pension benefits in return.

answer

true

question

The Populist party's attempt to form a coalition of farmers and workers failed partly because of the racial division between poor whites and blacks in the South.

answer

true

question

President Cleveland's deal to save the gold standard by borrowing $65 million from J.P. Morgan enhanced his popularity among both Democrats and Populists.

answer

false

question

Financiers Jim Fisk and Jay Gould tried to involve the Grant administration in a corrupt scheme to

answer

corner the gold market.

question

Boss Tweed's widespread corruption was finally brought to a halt by

answer

the journalistic exposes of The New York Times and cartoonist Thomas Nast.

question

The Credit Mobilier scandal involved

answer

railroad corporation fraud and the subsequent bribery of congressmen.

question

Grant's greatest failing in the scandals that plagued his administration was

answer

his toleration of corruption and his loyalty to crooked friends.

question

The depression of the 1870s led to increasing demands for

answer

inflation of the money supply by issuing more paper or silver currency.

question

The political system of the "Gilded Age" was generally characterized by

answer

strong party loyalties, high voter turnout, and few disagreements on national issues

question

The primary goal for which all factions in both political parties contended during the Gilded Age

answer

patronage

question

The key tradeoff featured in the Compromise of 1877 was that

answer

Republicans got the presidency in exchange for the final removal of federal troops from the South.

question

Which of the following was NOT among the changes that affected African Americans in the South after federal troops were withdrawn in the Compromise of 1877?

answer

The forced relocation of black farmers to the Kansas and Oklahoma "dust bowl"

question

The Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson upholding "separate but equal" public facilities in effect legalized

answer

the system of unequal segregation between the races.

question

The great railroad strike of 1877 revealed

answer

the growing threat of class warfare in response to the economic depression of the mid-1870s.

question

The final result of the widespread anti-Chinese agitation in the West was

answer

a Congressional law to prohibit any further Chinese immigration.

question

President James Garfield was assassinated by

answer

a mentally unstable disappointed office seeker.

question

In its first years, the Populist Party advocated, among other things

answer

free silver, a graduated income tax, and government ownership of the railroads, telegraph, and telephone.

question

Grover Cleveland stirred a furious storm of protest when, in response to the extreme financial crisis of the 1890s, he

answer

borrowed $65 million dollars from J.P. Morgan and other bankers in order to save the monetary gold standard.

question

The symbol of the Republican political tactic of attacking Democrats with reminders of the Civil War

answer

Waving the Bloody Shirt

question

Corrupt construction company whose bribes and payoffs to congressmen and others created a major Grant administration scandal

answer

Credit Mobilier

question

Short-lived third party of 1872 that attempted to curb Grant administration corruption

answer

Liberal Republican

question

Precious metal that "soft-money" advocates demanded be coined again to compensate for the "Crime of '73"

answer

Silver

question

"Soft-money" third party that polled over a million votes and elected fourteen congressmen in 1878 by advocating inflation

answer

Greenback Labor

question

Mark Twain's sarcastic name for the post-Civil War era, which emphasized its atmosphere of greed and corruption

answer

Gilded Age

question

Civil War Union veterans' organization that became a potent political bulwark of the Republican party in the late nineteenth century

answer

Grand Army of the Republic

question

Republican party faction led by Senator Roscoe Conkling that opposed all attempts at civil-service reform

answer

Stalwart Faction

question

Republican party faction led by Senator James G. Blaine that paid lip service to government reform while still battling for patronage and spoils

answer

Half-Breed Faction

question

The complex political agreement between Republicans and Democrats that resolved the bitterly disputed election of 1876

answer

Compromise of 1877

question

Asian immigrant group that experienced discrimination on the West Coast

answer

Chinese

question

System of choosing federal employees on the basis of merit rather than patronage introduced by the Pendleton Act of 1883

answer

Civil Service Commission

question

Sky-high Republican tariff of 1890 that caused widespread anger among farmers in the Midwest and the South

answer

McKinley's Tariff

question

Insurgent political party that gained widespread support among farmers in the 1890s

answer

People's Party

question

Notorious clause in southern voting laws that exempted from literacy tests and poll taxes anyone whose ancestors had voted in 1860, thereby excluding blacks

answer

"Grandfather Clauses"

question

Great military leader whose presidency foundered in corruption and political ineptitude

answer

Ulysses S. Grant

question

Bold and unprincipled financier whose plot to corner the U.S. gold market nearly succeeded in 1869

answer

Jim Fisk

question

Heavyweight New York political boss whose widespread fraud landed him in jail in 1871

answer

Boss Tweed

question

Colorful, eccentric newspaper editor who carried the Liberal Republican and Democratic banners against Grant in 1872

answer

Horace Greeley

question

Wealthy New York financier whose bank collapse in 1873 set off an economic depression

answer

Jay Cooke

question

Irish-born leader of the anti-Chinese movement in California

answer

Denis Kearney

question

Radical Populist leader whose early success turned sour, and who then became a vicious racist

answer

Tom Watson

question

Imperious New York senator and leader of the "Stalwart" faction of Republicans

answer

Roscoe Conkling

question

Charming but corrupt "Half-Breed" Republican senator and presidential nominee in 1884

answer

James G. Blaine

question

Winner of the contested 1876 election who presided over the end of Reconstruction and a sharp economic downturn

answer

Rutherford B. Hayes

question

President whose assassination after only a few months in office spurred the passage of a civil service law

answer

James Garfield

question

Term for the racial segregation laws imposed in the 1890s

answer

Jim Crow

question

First Democratic president since the Civil War; defender of laissez faire economics and low tariffs

answer

Grover Cleveland

question

Eloquent young Congressman from Nebraska who became the most prominent advocate of "free silver" in the early 1890s

answer

William Jennings Bryan

question

Enormously wealthy banker whose secret bailout of the federal government in 1895 aroused fierce public anger

answer

J.P. Morgan

question

Favor-seeking business-people and corrupt politicians

answer

Caused numerous scandals during President Grant's administration

question

The New York Times and cartoonist Thomas Nast

answer

Forced Boss Tweed out of power and into jail

question

Upright Republicans'. disgust with Grant administration scandals

answer

Led to the formation of the Liberal Republican party in 1872

question

The economic crash of the mid-1870s

answer

Caused unemployment, railroad strikes, and a demand for "cheap money"

question

Local cultural, moral, and religious differences

answer

Created fierce partisan competition and high voter turnouts, even though the parties agreed on most national issues

question

The Compromise of 1877 that settled the disputed Hayes-Tilden election

answer

Led to the withdrawal of troops from the South and the virtual end of federal efforts to protect black rights there

question

White workers' resentment of Chinese labor competition

answer

Caused anti-Chinese violence and restrictions against Chinese immigration

question

Public shock at Garfield's assassination by Guiteau

answer

Helped ensure passage of the Pendleton Act

question

The 1890s depression and the drain of gold from the federal treasury

answer

Induced Grover Cleveland to negotiate a secret loan from J. P. Morgan's banking syndicate

question

The inability of Populist leaders to overcome divisions between white and black farmers

answer

Led to failure of the third party revolt in the South and a growing racial backlash

Ch. 23 – History – Flashcards

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