question

this reverend advocated the superiority of Anglo-Saxon culture and urged Americans to spread their religious beliefs and values to those with contrary beliefs. His book, Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis was of great inspiration to missionaries that went overseas.

answer

Josiah Strong/Our Country 641

question

In his book, he attested that the most crucial way to achieve world dominance was through controlling the sea. This book was widely read among Japanese, English, Germans, and Americans and thereby helped foster the naval race among powerful nations and encourage citizens to demand increased naval strength.

answer

Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan/The Influence of Sea Power Upon History 642

question

"Big Sister Policy"- former secretary of state to both Harrison and Garfield who wrote this book in attempt to persuade Latin American nations to support America and become partners in trade. This book is said to have been a major cause of his leading the Pan-American Conference.

answer

James G. Blaine

question

secretary of state to President Cleveland who was angered by Britain's attempt to reign over Venezuela despite the Monroe Doctrine.

answer

Richard Olney/The Olney Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine) 643

question

when Germany attempted to remove Britain from Venezuela they agreed on a compromise that gave Britain control over most of the lands it had originally claimed. Because of their conflict with Germany, the British maintained far less animosity towards America, thereby causing a new era of reconciliation between America and Britain that became crucial to foreign policy.

answer

Venezuelan Boundary Dispute/Great Rapprochement 644

question

the title of the new era initiated by Britain that referred to Britain's newfound kindness to America as to gain America as an ally. This followed the era of America's "twisting the lion's tail."

answer

"Patting the eagle's head"

question

the leader of the native Hawaiians who opposed being annexed into the United States and was ultimately defeated by the white minority. However, because force would have been necessary to annex Hawaii at this time due to lack of American support from the majority of Hawaiians, mainly the native Hawaiians, Hawaii was not actually annexed until 1898.

answer

Queen Liliuokalani 645

question

two competing major journalists, Pulitzer mainly with the New York World and Hearst with the San Francisco Examiner. Pulitzer employed comics which included the "Yellow Kid" to illustrate his ideas, thereby creating the concept of yellow journalism. Both journalists often wrote stories merely to sell papers rather to report wholesome news. They often competed with their stories about the war in Cuba.

answer

Yellow journalism/Pulitzer/Hearst 646-7

question

a Spanish General who fought in Cuba and was inhumanly harsh to Cubans—he put them in barbed wire reconcentration camps with poor health conditions to prevent them from helping the soldiers on the Cuban and American side, which cause many to die. His acts inspired the American public to fully support America going to war in Cuba.

answer

General Valeriano "Butcher" Weyler 646

question

this American battleship was sent to Cuba poorly disguised as a "friendly visit" that was actually to help protect and evacuate those American citizens in Cuba in case dangerous war would break out in Cuba. After a little while, the ship mysteriously blew up in the Havana harbor and, at the time, America concluded that the Spanish must have done this heinous act, which further inspired them to fight. Thus, Americans began to use the battle cry "Remember the Maine."

answer

The Maine/"Remember the Maine" 647-8

question

the Spanish minister in Washington wrote a letter in which he described President McKinley as an untrustworthy and terrible man that was headlined by Hearst. This incident resulted in his being forced to resign.

answer

Minister Dupuy de Lome/the De Lome letter 647

question

nicknamed McKinley "Wobbly Willie." These were the Americans who fervently desired a war against Spain and felt the McKinley was too gentle and nervous to fight a war.

answer

Jingoes 648

question

an amendment that promised Cuba independence as soon as the United States defeated Spain in that territory. The relationship between America and Cuba was further adjusted in the Platt Amendment

answer

The Teller Amendment 649

question

the daring assistant navy secretary who contacted George Dewey when his boss was away and told Dewey to bring his troops to the Spanish Philippines despite the current battles being fought only in Cuba. Later left and became a lieutenant colonel through the use of some political connections and ultimately became president.

answer

Theodore Roosevelt

question

the commander of the American Asiatic Squadron in Hong Kong which he led, upon Roosevelt's and McKinley's orders, against the Spanish Philippines without losing a single American life at battle. Because of this great victory, he immediately became a national hero and was promoted to admiral.

answer

Commodore George Dewey 650

question

after the Spanish exiled him from the Philippines, America brought him back to help with their invasion. Just a year later, he led the Filipino revolt against the American rule. After being captured a couple years afterwards, Aguinaldo affirmed his loyalty to America.

answer

Emilio Aguinaldo

question

Spanish admiral who insisted that his ships were unfit for battle and ultimately had his seamen trapped in an American blockade in Santiago harbor.

answer

Admiral Pascual Cervera 651

question

the leading general of the American army in Cuba who was so heavy that he had to be carried around on a door.

answer

General William Shafter

question

part of the American army that invaded Cuba, it consisted of a wide variety of characters including cowboys, former polo players, and ex-convicts and was mainly organized by the now lieutenant colonel Roosevelt.

answer

The "Rough Riders"

question

a battle site in Cuba where Roosevelt led his Rough Riders and lost many of his men.

answer

San Juan Hill 652

question

a meeting between Spanish and American negotiators in Paris in 1898 that resulted in America keeping the Philippines and paying the Spaniards $20 million for the Philippine Islands.

answer

The Treaty of Paris 654

question

conquered by America during the Spanish-American War, it was the last trace of the Spanish New World which had been erased once America took over. To this day it remains a territory and maintains a very complex relationship with America.

answer

Puerto Rico 654, 658-9

question

formed to dispute the expansion of America that had been occurring during McKinley's presidency, this group had a variety of reasons for their views, such as how terrible America treated those living in its territories and how little justice those people were granted, particularly upon common request for independence. Many major names from this era were members, including Mark Twain, Carnegie, Samuel Gompers, William James, and the presidents of Harvard and Stanford.

answer

Anti-Imperialist League 655

question

an act of Congress in 1900 that gave Puerto Rico the right to a limited popular government and ultimately led to their being granted American citizenship in 1917.

answer

Foraker Act 656

question

a series of court cases that resulted from the recent acquirement of foreign territories regarding whether or not the American Constitution must be upheld in all regions controlled by the United States. The ultimate decision was that those living in the newly conquered territories were not automatically granted rights of citizens.

answer

The "Insular Cases" 656

question

an addition made by the United States to the constitution of Cuba that promised Cuba independence on the conditions that the United States could intervene to preserve Cuban independence and maintain a naval base at Guantanamo Bay.

answer

The Platt Amendment 657

question

a doctor who performed experiments on volunteer American soldiers to devise a way to remove yellow fever from Havana.

answer

Walter Reed 657

question

the location of an American naval base in Cuba that was granted to America as part of the agreement that gave Cuba independence.

answer

Guantanamo

question

a revolt of the Filipinos led by Emilio Aguinaldo against the Americans in desire of freedom when Congress refused to grant the Philippines independence. Eventually, Americans soldiers gained control over the Filipinos.

answer

Filipino revolt 664

question

the Anglo concept that white men had to spread their knowledge and religion to all those who were "lost" around the world, which often served as a "reason" for Americans gaining new territories.

answer

White Man's Burden 665

question

secretary of state who made a dramatic decision to push many countries into his Open Door foreign trade policy.

answer

John Hay 666

question

an attempt to open foreign trade with China by secretary of state John Hay which included an agreement with Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, and, halfheartedly, Russia.

answer

Open Door Note

question

when extreme Chinese patriots, known as Boxers, murdered hundreds of white missionaries and other whites in attempt to display their disagreement with trading with Europeans. This rebellion was put to rest by a number of nations that eventually were repaid by China.

answer

Boxer Rebellion 667

question

twenty-sixth president, helped create the Rough Riders, maintained the restrictions against trusts that interfered with interstate commerce, used the theory "speak softly and carry a big stick" to go about diplomacy, ensured the proper building of the Panama Canal, held powerful control over the Latin American nations, helped settle conflicts between Japan and Russia, established the Gentlemen's Agreement

answer

Teddy Roosevelt 670-72

question

Teddy Roosevelt's theory that if one had a big stick, they would always be heard among foreign nations, never need to shout, speak quietly, and ultimately be successful.

answer

The "Big Stick" Policy 672

question

an old treaty formed with Britain that declared that the United States could not exclusively control a canal or similar route, although this was ultimately repealed through the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty.

answer

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty 1850 673

question

a treaty in which Britain allowed the United States to build the isthmian canal and protect it despite earlier agreements.

answer

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 1901

question

a treaty between America and the Panamanian minister from France which sold the isthmian canal region to America for $40 million despite widening the region from 6 to 10 miles.

answer

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, 1903 674

question

Cowboy Diplomacy referred to Teddy Roosevelt's purchase of Panama which seemed to reflect his Rough Rider background. The Rape of Panama referred to the ugly acquiring of Panama by America which further enraged Latin America. Big Brother policy referred to the fact that America was so powerful that all other republics could not deny America anything, thereby causing all other nations to hate America's superiority.

answer

"Cowboy Diplomacy"/"Rape of Panama"/"Big Brother" policy 675

question

a West Point engineer who used his enthusiasm and autocratic nature to more efficiently oversee the construction of the canal, particularly the workers.

answer

Colonel George Washington Goethals

question

Roosevelt's declaration that if any financial issues were to occur in Latin America that involved European nations, America itself would collect the finances from those nations and give the money to those to whom it was due. This was a response to his fear that Britain and Germany would attempt to occupy territory in the Americas which was a clear dismissal of the Monroe Doctrine although it was justified as a moral obligation.

answer

Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine)

question

the overbearing power of the United States which was taken too far in the eyes of basically all other nations

answer

Colossus of the North 676

question

a conference between the Japanese and the Russians held by Roosevelt in order to end their war which resulted in Japan keeping only the southern half of Sakhalin and earning no payment for its lost territory. This conference, as well as one other, was a reason for TR to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906.

answer

Portsmouth Conference, 1905 677

question

talks of war in regards to Japanese immigrants in California that were experiencing harsh discrimination.

answer

"Yellow peril" 678

question

an agreement between TR and the Japanese to stop discrimination in California as long as the Japanese prevented more immigrants from coming, which they did by withholding passports.

answer

Gentlemen's Agreement 679

question

a massive and showy white fleet of American battleships that were sent on a voyage around the world starting from Virginia in order to show off the strength of America. This show was interestingly well accepted by many foreign nations, especially Japan, and became helpful for recruiting for the American navy.

answer

The Great White Fleet

question

in this agreement spurred by the lighthearted and diplomatic air created by the Great White Fleet, Japan and America promised to recognize each other's territorial holdings in the pacific and to maintain the Open Door policy in Chin

answer

Root-Takahira Agreement

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