Introduction To Chemistry – Flashcards
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What is an atom?
[image] |
| basic unit of matter |
[image] This picture demonstrates three things. What are they showing? Hint: (3 __________ of _______) |
3 states of matter |
[image]
What charge does a neutron have? Where is a neutron located? |
neutral or no charge particle
located in the nucleus of the atom |
What is an electron?
[image]
Where do you find an electron? |
negatively charged particle
found outside the nucleus in an orbital or energy level |
What is a compound?
[image] |
a substance formed by combining two or more elements |
[image]
The science that deals with the composition and properties of substances is known as ...?
|
chemistry |
What is an isotope? |
[image] atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons
|
What are the two main types of chemical bonding? |
covalent and ionic bonding |
The type of bond when two or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another is called..?? |
ionic bond |
A chemical bond that shares electrons is known as __________. |
covalent bonding
[image] |
A smalled unit of a compound is known as a ...? |
[image]
molecule |
What is a mixture? |
material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together, but not chemically combined |
An attraction between molecules of different substances is known as... |
adhesion |
An attraction between molecules of the same substances is known as.... |
cohesion |
A mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed is known as ...? |
[image]
solution |
The universal solvent is ____________. |
water
[image] |
A substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution is known as ..? |
solvent |
A substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution is known as ..? |
solute |
What is a suspension?
[image] |
A mixture of water and nondissolved materials |
Percent of hydroden can be abbreviated as .... |
pH |
The pH scale ranges from _____ to _____.
|
[image]
0 to 14 |
In order to be considered neutral on the pH scale, you must have a pH of _________________. |
exactly 7.0
[image] |
If you have a pH of 0 to 6.9999 on the pH scale, you are considered a(n) _____________.
[image] |
acid |
If you are tomato juice you would be considerded:
(acidic, neutral, or basic) |
acid
[image] |
[image]
If you are considered pure water, you are ___________. (acidic, neutral, or basic)
|
neutral |
If you have a pH of 10 (most soaps), you are considered: (acidic, neutral, or basic) |
basic
[image]
|
How many atoms of hydrogen are in a water molecule?
How many atoms of oxygen are in a water molecule? |
[image]
2 hydrogen atoms; 1 oxygen atom |
What is an ion? |
atom that has a positive or negative charge |
The outermost layer of electrons is known as the ____________ electrons. |
[image]
valence electrons |
When doing the Bohr models, how can you tell how many valence electrons there are? |
Do the model and see how many electrons are in the outermost shell; OR refer to the column # in the periodic table
[image] |
In the first energy level, the maximum amount of electrons allowed are ___________. |
2 electrons |
In the 100th energy level, what is the maximum amount of electrons you can have? |
8 electrons |
In order to be considered stable, the element must.... |
have its outermost (valence) layer filled to capacity
1st level: 2 max 2nd level: 8 max 3rd level: 8 max 4th level: 8 max etc. |
What is the only element that does not have any neutrons? |
[image]
Hydrogen
|
Who created the periodic table?
[image] |
Dmitri Mendeleev [image] |
The two subatomic particles found within the nucleus of an atom are called the _____ and _____. |
proton and neutron [image] |
Another term for the atomic mass is....? |
atomic weight or mass number |
Define the term atomic mass. |
[image] the mass of the protons and neutrons
|
[image]
What is the chemical symbol for potassium? |
K (capital K) |
How many protons does carbon have?
[image] |
6 |
What is the element symbol for mercury?
[image] |
Hg |
The chemical formula of NaCl is a fancy name for this item... |
[image]
table salt |
How many neutrons does Scandium have?
(Hint: atomic # 21 atomic mass = 44.956) |
Atomic mass - Atomic number = # of neutrons
So.... 45-21 = 24 neutrons |
What is the element symbol for nickel? |
Ni [image] |
If I go from a 4 to a 5 on the pH scale, what times greater is that concentration? |
10 times (for every jump I go 101) |
If I go from a concentration of 10 to 12 on the pH scale, what times greater is that concentration? |
100 times greater
(I jumped 2 spaces, so it is 102) |
What type mixture is soda - homogeneous or heterogeneous? |
[image]
homogeneous (the same throughout) |
[image] Is burning a piece of paper, a chemical or physical change?
|
chemical
(you can't put it back together!) |
True/False: There are 50 flashcards.
True/False: I got every one correct.
True/False: I have been studying for the exam.
True/False: Chemistry is fun!
True/False: I love my chemistry teacher! |
If you answered "true" for all of these questions, then you are done! |
; ; What do I always need to bring to a test/quiz? |
; ; [image] A pencil! |
