Chapter 10 part 2 (Brain) – Flashcards
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cerebrum
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largest part of the brain
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limbic system
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called the emotional brain
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thalamus
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We first become aware of pain at this level of the diencephalon; however, this structure does not allow us to determine the type of pain or locate the source of the pain.
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medulla oblongata
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part of the brain stem that connects the brain to the spinal cord
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parietal lobe
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the central sulcus separates the frontal lobe from this lobe
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brain stem
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composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
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hypothalamus
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part of the dienciphalon that controls the pituitary gland; also helps control the autonomic nervous system, water balance, and body temperature
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cerebrum
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part of the brain that is divided into the right and left hemispheres
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diencephalon
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composed of the thalamus and the hypothalamus
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pons
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this structure means bridge; it helps regulate breathing rate and rhythm
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corpus callosum
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bands of white matter that join the right and left cerebral hemispheres
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frontal lobe
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the precentral gyrus of this cerebral lobe is the major motor cortex; nerve impulses that originate in the motor area control voluntary muscle activity
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parietal lobe
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the postcentral gyrus of this cerebral lobe is the primary somatosensory area
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frontal lobe
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plays key role in personality development, emotional and behavioral expression, and performance of high level thinking and learning tasks
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temporal lobe
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Cerebral lobe that contains the auditory cortex (hearing) and the olfactory area (smell)
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medulla oblongata
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Part of the brain stem called the vital center because it regulates vital processes such as blood pressure, heart rate, and respirations
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medulla oblongata
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part of the brain stem that contains the vomiting center
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frontal lobe
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cerebral lobe that contains the frontal eye fields
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frontal lobe
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cerebral lobe that controls motor speech
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frontal lobe
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crossing of most motor fibers occurs here
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frontal lobe
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a motor homunculus lives here
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parietal lobe
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a sensory homunculus lives here
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occipital lobe
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cerebral lobe that is primarily concerned with vision
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thalamus
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part of the diencephalon that acts as a relay and sorting station for most sensory fibers
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reticular formation
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this widespread group of cells is concerned with the sleep-wake cycle and consciousness; signals passing from this structure to the cerebral cortex keep us awake
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frontal lobe
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cerebral lobe that contains Broca's area
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occipital lobe
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Damage to this cerebral lobe causes cortical blindness
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medulla oblongata
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part of the brain stem that contains the emetic center
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cerebellum
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brain structure that protrudes from under the occipital lobe; concerned primarily with the coordination of skeletal muscle activity
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temporal lobe
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damage to this cerebral lobe causes cortical deafness
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medulla oblongata
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part of the brain stem that receives information form the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
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cerebrum
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composed of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes
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frontal lobe
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cerebral lobe that functions as the CEO (chief executive officer)
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precentral gyrus
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convolution located on the frontal lobe immediately anterior to the central sulcus
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gyrus
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a bump or elevation on the surface of the cerebrum
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sulcus
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a shallow groove found on the surface of the brain
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fissure
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a deep groove found on the surface of the brain
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gyrus
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also called a convolution
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postcentral gyrus
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convolution that is located on the parietal lobe immediately posterior to the central sulcus
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central sulcus
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sulcus that separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobes
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lateral sulcus
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groove that separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes
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longitudinal fissure
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deep groove that separates the left and right hemispheres
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central sulcus
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sulcus that separates the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex
