APUSH Terms Chapter 19 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Atlanta Compromise
answer
A speech made by Washington in Atlanta that outlined the philosophy that blacks should focus on economic gains, go to school, learn skills, and work their way up the ladder and that Southern whites should help out to create an unresentful people.
question
Booker T. Washington
answer
An ex-slave founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1881. He stressed patience, manual training and hard work for blacks. Made the Atlanta Compromise speech.
question
Charles Darwin
answer
Created the theory of evolution
question
Clarence Darrow
answer
Lawyer from Ashtabula, OH who believed that criminals were not born but made; poverty lay at the root of crime
question
Cummings v. County Board of Education
answer
The doctrine of "separate but equal" was approved by the Court and applied directly to schools.
question
Dumbbell tenements
answer
About seven to eight stories in height with 30 four room apt. on a lot only 25 by 100 feet. 4 to 16 families lived on one floor with two toilets in the hall. The building would narrow in the middle to create an air shaft between adjoining buildings providing light and ventilation but prone to fires.
question
Dwight L. Moody
answer
An Evangelist that conducted mass revival meetings across the country
question
E.L. Godkin
answer
Editor of the influential Nation who was a member of the Mugwumps
question
Edward Bellamy
answer
Dreamed of a cooperative society in which poverty, greed, and crime no longer existed. Published Looking Backward, 2000-1887 transforming him into a national reform figure overnight.
question
femme couverte
answer
Under this doctrine wives were chattel of their husbands; they couldn't legally control their own earnings, property, or children unless a specific contract had been drawn up before marriage.
question
Florence Kelley
answer
Devoted her life to the problem of child labor. She worked with Addams to push through the IL Factory Act of 1893 which mandated 8 hour days for women and kids under 14
question
Frank Lloyd Wright
answer
Disciple of Sullivan who also believed that buildings should be designed for function and introduced skyscrapers
question
Henry George
answer
Wrote Progress and Poverty which led the way to a more critical appraisal of society. Proposed the solution of "single tax".
question
Herbert Spencer
answer
A social philosopher that took the evolutionary theories of Darwin and applied Darwinian principles of natural selection to society creating a theory of "social selection" or social Darwinism. Coined the term "survival of the fittest."
question
Jacob Riis
answer
Described the poor population's lives in How the Other Half Lives 1890
question
Jane Addams/Hull House
answer
A graduate of Rockford College in IL she opened this settlement house in the heart of the Chicago slums she intended to share the lives of the poor and humanize the industrial city. This settlement house stressed education, offering classes, and also offered courses in cooking, sewing, and manual skills.
question
Lillian Wald
answer
Founded Henry Street Settlement in NY and focused on providing health care for the poor
question
Louis H. Sullivan
answer
A leader of the new architecture movement along with John Root. He designed the Chicago Auditorium, the last masonry building. Later he stated that buildings should be designed for function.
question
Morrill Land Grant Act
answer
Gave large grants of land to the state for the est. of colleges to teach "agriculture and the mechanic arts." (1862)
question
Mugwumps
answer
A reform group that worked to end corruption in politics drawn mostly from educated upper class
question
political machine
answer
As cities grew city gov'ts became confused on responsibilities increasing chance of corruption or greed while populations required streets, buildings and public services allowing this to take over
question
Richard T. Ely
answer
Attacked classical economics for its dogmatism, simple faith in laissez-faire, and reliance on self-interest as a guide for human conduct. Him and followers founded the American Economic Association which linked economics to social problems and urged gov't intervention in economic affairs
question
Robert Woods
answer
Founded South End House in Boston and focused on the problem of school dropouts
question
single tax
answer
A tax on the "unearned increment" of land that rose in price and could make few people grow wealthy without them doing anything
question
Social Darwinism
answer
A philosophy based on the writings of Herbert Spencer that created in theory a sort of "social selection" that tried to explain human progress such as "survival of the fittest" that preserved the strong and weeded out the weak.
question
Social Gospel
answer
A religious philosophy that focused on society as well as individuals, on improving living conditions as well as saving souls
question
streetcar suburbs
answer
A residential community whose growth and development was strongly shaped by the use of streetcar lines as a primary means of transportation.
question
Susan B. Anthony
answer
A veteran of many reform campaigns, she tried to vote in the 1872 presidential election and was fined $100; she refused to pay. She helped form the National American Woman Suffrage Association to work for the enfranchisement of women.
question
Thomas Nast
answer
A famous political cartoonist who was a member of the Mugwumps
question
Victorian era
answer
Time of strict standards of dress, manners, and sexual behavior
question
W.E.B. DuBois
answer
An African American sociologist and civil rights leader who attended Harvard but Yale was closed to him; he spoke about Jefferson Davis in his commencement speech treating it with contemptuous fairness
question
William Dean Howells
answer
The prominent author of the time who explored the cities and stated that they stank.
question
William G. Sumner
answer
A professor of political and social science at Yale U who argued that gov't action on behalf of the poor or weak interfered with evolution and sapped the species-reform tampered with the laws of nature.
question
William Tweed
answer
Head of Tammany Hall in NY, was a model for all the "bosses" of the machines. The New York County Courthouse was his masterpiece.
question
Women's Christian Temperance Union
answer
A group of women reformers who campaigned the prohibition of the sale of intoxicating liquors, hoping to end social evils that stemmed from drunkenness