Fallacies and Speech – Flashcards
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non sequitur
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"it does not follow"
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begging the question
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Often called circular reasoning, __ occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim.
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either-or fallacy
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Arguing that a complex situation can be simply explained in one of two ways
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hasty generalizations
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drawing conclusions based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence
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false analogy
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the assumption that because two things are alike in some ways they must be alike in other ways
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special pleading
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a fallacy of logical argument in which the writer suppresses evidence that contradicts the conclusion in an inductive argument
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ad hominem
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In an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."
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bandwagon
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The argument that everyone is doing it so you should too
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appeal to tradition
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the fallacy of assuming or arguing that something is good or desirable simply because it is old or traditional
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appeal to pity
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This type of fallacy uses the audiences's sympathy, concern, or guilt in order to overwhelm their sense of logic
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post hoc, ergo propter hoc
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Assuming that an incident that precedes another is the cause of the second incident
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red herring
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Something that draws attention away from the main issue
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anaphora
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repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses
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contrapuntal turnaround
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using two words as a noun and a verb
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pulse
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pace of speech delivery
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peroration
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conclusion of an oration
