Communication apprehension – Flashcards

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stereotype
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A belief or association that links a whole group of people with certain traits of characteristics
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Visualization
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Is the process of presenting data in form that allows rapid understanding of relationships and findings that are not readily evident from raw data
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Communication
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Apprehension the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others
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trait anxiety
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part of the personality
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state anxiety
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ever changing mood;temporary consciously perceived feelings of apprehensionand tension associated with autonomic nervous system;somewhat nervous at start of game ;as game goes on she calms to low level;close to end needs a win she get high level feeling
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demographics
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Population the number of given people in an area Population Distribution who lives where and what concentration Population Pyramid a graph that shows the gender and age distribution of an area Growth Rate number that shows how quickly or slowly a population grows Birth Rate number of birth's per 1,000 Death Rate number of deaths's per Infant Mortality Rate death of infants per 1,000 Migration moving from one place to another Family Size size of your family
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Ethnocentrism
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Belief in the superiority of one's ethnic group, developed through the embeddedness in one's culture
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psychographics
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The way we feel about ourselves The things we value The things we do in our spare time The way consumers think
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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a method of classifying human needs and motivations into five categories in ascending order of importance: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization
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saliency
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issue important to a particular group (SS = senior citizens)
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general perpouse
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General Purpose=broad goal of the speech To inform- your goal is to describe, explain or demonstrate something. To persuade- attempt to reinforce, modify, or change audiences members beliefs attitudes, opinions, values, and behaviors. To entertain- seeks to captivate audiences members and have them enjoy the speech.
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NARRATIVE WRITING
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includes characters, conflict, setting, and a plot and is usually written to share a theme (moral, or teaching) with the reader
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Specific Purpose
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The general purpose of any speech will be either to Inform; Motivate/Persuade; or Entertain your audience. As soon as you know the general purpose of your speech you can develop your Specific Purpose Statement (What the speaker will accomplish). Your Specific Purpose Statement is used to develop your speech.
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public speaking
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(sometimes termed oratory or oration) is the process or act of performing a presentation (a speech) focused around an individual directly speaking to a live audience in a structured, deliberate manner in order to inform, influence, or entertain them.
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hypothetical example.
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According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n) d. hypothetical example.
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Information literacy
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The abilities to find, access, retrieve, evaluate, use, and communicate information
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Thesis Statistics
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The general attitude or feeling toward a topic is called-
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lay testamoney
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A witness is any person who testifies under oath in a trial or a deposition in a lawsuit. Those who testify in court essentially fall into two categories: expert witnesses and lay witnesses
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Evaluating internet
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.com .org .edu etc.
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Expert testimony
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RULE 701 OPINION TESTIMONY BY LAY WITNESSES If the witness is NOT testifying as an expert, then the witness' testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is LIMITED to those opinions or inferences which are: (a) rationally based on the perception of the witness, AND (b) helpful to a clear understanding of the witness' testimony OR the determination of a fact in issue, AND (c) NOT based on scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge within the scope of Rule 702
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demographics
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The audience's educational level is a factor related to _____. B. demographics
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audience demographics
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When you tailor your speech to the educational level of your classmates in a public speaking course, you are focusing your audience analysis on: D.
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conclusion
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What part of the speech contains closure to the speech and a brief summary of the main points? B. the
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brainstorming
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When you make a list of your own interests and just begin writing as many topics related to these as you can think of without stopping to consider them, you are using a technique known as _____.
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chronological
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What would be the best design for a speech on "The History of the University of South Alabama?" A.
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sub-points
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At what level of speech structure should speakers locate materials supporting the main points of their presentations? D.
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transitions
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What do effective speakers use to demonstrate to their listeners that they are through with one point or part of their speeches, and moving onto the next? C.
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spatial pattern
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Organizing speech ideas according to direction and location is _____. C.
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problem-solution pattern
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A speech topic that presents an issue that needs resolving can effectively be organized as _____. C.
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ethos
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When Ramon spoke about the need for regular health check-ups, he was so knowledgeable, so sincere, and so energetic in his delivery that everyone responded quite positively to his speech. What aspect of good persuasive delivery did Ramon demonstrate? D. ethos
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Topical Order:
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With this organizational pattern, you categorize your information by certain specific topics in your speech. Then you either arrange those topics in the order of most importance to least importance or by least importance to most importance.
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Chronological Order
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looks at ideas over time. With this approach, the speaker typically discusses events or conditions that occurred furthest away and works his way up to the present occurrences. On an occasion, he'll start with more recent happenings and then refer to things that happened earlier
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Spatial Order
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arranges ideas according to location or geography. Spatial order provides a way to examine structures, such as buildings and objects. Spatial order provides a way to analyze conditions in relevant locales.
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Causal Order
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looks at the causes and effects of a problem or phenomenon. The approach discusses or examines the effects first and then presents the probable causes. This approach is useful in accounting for historical events and understanding problems. You can refer to probable effects when you want to make predictions about the future.
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Pathos Exciting Emotions through connecting to the audience's needs
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My father's love truly does live on. Through my mother, sister, and me, his love continues through our words and actions. The people my dad touched during his life also carry on his love. But even more tangibly, there are four strangers who are now aware of my father's immense spirit of love. For my father, the display of love did not cease when his heart did. His love continues to this day in the very lives of four strangers: the recipients of my dad's heart, live, kidneys, and pancreas. (example of....)
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Ethos Establishing the writer/ speaker's credibility
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According to Dr. Hubert Blackstone, M.D. from Harvard University, organ donation is key to saving many lives. (example of...)
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Logos Satisfying the audience's reason through proof-logical appeal
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in the year 2000, 22,953 transplants were performed in the United States. These organs were harvested from 5984 donors. However, more people still wait desperately for the gift of life. As of November 2, 2001, there were 78,802 people nationwide waiting for organs (example of...)
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Kinds of syllogisms
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a,e,i,o,u
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Manuscript
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Mr. Mrs. M. (monsieur) Mme. (madame)
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Spatial
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order a method or speech organization in which the main points follow a directional path
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