question

Holocaust

answer

The mass murder of six million jews

question

Dike

answer

Large banks of earth and stone, to hold back water.

question

Polder

answer

Reclaimed lands

question

Glaciation

answer

Glaciers formed and spread over the peninsula.

question

Fjord

answer

Long, narrow, steep-sided inlets.

question

Loess

answer

A type of rich dust-like soil.

question

Timberline

answer

The elevation above which trees cannot grow.

question

Foehn

answer

Dry winds blow down from the mountains into valleys and plains.

question

Chaparral

answer

Shrubs and small trees

question

Why is Europe sometimes called "peninsula of peninsulas"?

answer

Because Europe is a peninsula with different peninsulas inside of it.

question

What are the different peninsulas of Europe?

answer

Balkan Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Scandinavian Peninsula,

question

What geographic area in Europe has rich, fertile farmland and is a center of industry?

answer

North European Plain

question

What are some of the numerous islands surrounding the continent of Europe?

answer

Great Britain, Ireland, Sicily

question

Why are rivers vital to Europe's economy?

answer

It serves as transportation, provide water to irrigate farmland, and produce electricity.

question

What are some of Europe's most important natural resources?

answer

Coal and iron ore

question

What are the climate regions in Europe?

answer

Western and southern parts of Europe, which lie near or along large bodies of water, benefit from warm maritime winds.

question

What physical features influence Europe's climates?

answer

Trees, Highlands, Winds, Forests

question

How do the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Drift affect Europe's climate?

answer

It bring warm waters to this part of Europe from the Gulf of Mexico and regions near the Equator.

question

Why are most of Europe's original forests gone?

answer

Because of pressure from agriculture and the large-scale harvest of native lumber for firewood.

question

Middle Ages

answer

The time between ancient and modern times, about A.D. 500-1500

question

Loess

answer

A type of rich, dust-like soil

question

Serf

answer

A peasant who could not leave the land of a lord for whom he or she worked in exchange for protection.

question

Feudalism

answer

A system in which people had obligations based on their position in society.

question

Adolf Hitler

answer

Leader of the Nazi party and German dictator during WWII.

question

Ivan

answer

The first Russian czar, crowned in 1547; conquered western

question

Vlamidir Lenin

answer

Leader who took over the Russian government in 1917 and set up a new communist regime.

question

Propaganda

answer

The spread of ideas designed to support a cause to hurt an opposing cause.

question

Tsar

answer

A Russian emperor

question

Westernization

answer

The adoption of western european culture.

question

Communism

answer

Society based on equality in which workers would control industrial production.

question

Enlightenment

answer

A movement during the 1700s which emphasized the importance of reason and questioned traditions and values.

question

Feudalism

answer

In medieval Europe and Japan, a system of government in which powerful lords gave land to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty.

question

Impressionists

answer

The artistic style developed in Europe in the late 1800s, in which dabs or strokes of color are used to give the effect of reflecting light.

question

Peninsula

answer

A land area nearly surrounded by water.

question

Realism

answer

Artistic style portraying everyday life that developed in Europe during the mid-1800s.

question

Renaissance

answer

In Europe, a 300-year period of renewed interest in classical learning and the arts, beginning in the 1300s.

question

Romanticism

answer

Artistic style emphasizing individual emotions

question

Reformation

answer

Religious movement that began in Germany in the 1400s, leading to the establishment of Protestant churches.

question

Ethnic Group

answer

Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characteristics.

question

Cold War

answer

Power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States after WWII.

question

Reparations

answer

Payment for damages.

question

Refugee

answer

People who flee to a foreign country for safety.

question

Urbanization

answer

The movement of people from rural areas into cities.

question

City-state

answer

Independent community consisting of a city and the surrounding lands.

question

Crusades

answer

Series of religious wars (A.D. 1100-1300) in which European Christians tried to retake Palestine from Muslim rule

question

Industrial capitalism

answer

An economic system in which business leaders used profits to expand their companies.

question

Czar

answer

Supreme ruler

question

Serf

answer

A virtually enslaved workforce bound to the land and under the control of nobility

question

Russification

answer

Encouraged people to speak Russian and follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity. Those who refused were harshly persecuted, especially the Jews, who were often blamed for Russia's problems.

question

Socialism

answer

A belief that calls for greater economic equality in society.

question

Bolshevik

answer

A revolutionary group led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, to seize control.

question

Perestroika

answer

Economic restructuring

question

Glasnost

answer

Greater political openness

question

Describe the causes and results of Ethnic Diversity in Europe.

answer

Immigrants came to Europe and led to some tension/conflict among the ethnic groups in which ethnic cleansing came to be. But, Europeans in recent years have been working toward greater unity.

question

Describe the different Ethnic groups.

answer

Russians, Germans, French, British, Italians, Spanish, Ukrainians, Flemings(closely related to Dutch), Walloons (Ancestry is traced back to Celts who lived in the area during the Germanic invasions.

question

Describe any Ethnic tensions that have occurred in Europe.

answer

The Balkans was a battleground among Serbs, Croats, Bosnian Muslims, and Kosovar Albanians, " The republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina and the Serb-ruled territory of Kosovo were centers of the most brutal warfare. Following a policy called ethnic cleansing, Serb leaders expelled or killed rival ethnic groups in these areas. Many people called refugees flee to another foreign country for safety.

question

Describe the sources of unity in Europe.

answer

Most Europeans value the importance of the past and the cultural achievements of their ancestors. They also take pride in their families, which they place at the center of their social lives.

question

Describe the population density of Europe.

answer

Europe is smaller in land area than any other continent except Australia. Yet it is the third most populous continent, after Asia and Africa. In the year 2001, Europe's population (excluding Russia) was about 583 million. "Europe's population density is greater than that of any other continent except Asia. If Europe's population were distributed evenly throughout the continent, the average population density would be 255 people per square mile.

question

Describe the Population Distribution of Europe.

answer

It's closely related to its physical geography. The parts of Europe with average or higher than average population densities share one or more of the following features: favorable climates, plains, fertile soil, mineral resources, and inland waterways.

question

What effects have urbanization and Industrialization had on Europe?

answer

When western Europe's economy boomed during the 1950s and 1960s, labor shortages developed. Many European countries invited guest workers from other countries to fill available jobs. Soon guest workers and immigrants began arriving, seeking the social and economic opportunities that western Europe had to offer.

question

What are some of the urban features of Europe?

answer

Overcrowding and pollution. Fast-food restaurants and shopping malls.

question

Describe the different population movements that have occurred in Europe.

answer

During the 1800s and early 1900s, many Europeans migrated to the Americas and parts of Africa and the South Pacific region. Since the mid-1900s, far fewer Europeans have permanently left the region, but large numbers of foreigners have migrated to Europe. When western Europe's economy boomed during the 1950s and 1960s, labor shortages developed. Many European countries invited guest workers from other countries to fill available jobs. Soon guest workers and immigrants began arriving, seeking the social and economic opportunities that western Europe had to offer.

question

Describe the Early Peoples of Europe.

answer

They moved from place to place in search for food.

question

Describe the development and impact of Ancient Greece and Rome.

answer

Ancient Greece- 400s and 300s B.C., Greece's mountainous landscape and its closeness to the sea influenced the ancient Greeks to form separate communities called city-states. The city-state of Athens introduced the Western idea of democracy. Ancient Rome- 27 B.C. and A.D. 180, Founded a republic, government, law, and engineering. Also roads, bridges, and aqueducts-channel used for carrying water.

question

Describe the impact of Christianity on Europe and its people.

answer

The western side of Rome accepted Roman Catholicism and The Byzantine Empire (Eastern) accepted Eastern Orthodoxy.

question

Describe the Middle Ages, its political systems and any major wars or events.

answer

Feudalism, Roman culture and principles of government and law to the region's Germanic peoples, Cathedrals and Monasteries were major centers of learning. Crusades, Renaissance, Reformation, Enlightenment, Industrial Capitalism, Communism, Holocaust, Cold War, EU

question

Describe the impact and importance of the Renaissance.

answer

It brought great advances and discovery in learning.

question

Describe the impact of European Exploration.

answer

Christopher Columbus sailed to the Americas, brought trade and great wealth back to Europe.

question

Identify and describe the impact of the "Era of Revolutions."

answer

Political revolutions. In the late 1600s, the English Parliament, or lawmaking body, passed a Bill of Rights that limited the power of the monarch. The French Revolution in the late 1700s overthrew France's monarchy and spread the ideals of democracy. During this time, the Industrial revolution began.

question

Describe the impact of the Enlightenment of Europe.

answer

Many educated Europeans emphasized the importance of reason and began to question long-standing traditions and values.

question

Describe the causes and impact of WWI on Europe.

answer

Rivalries among European powers for colonies and economic power led to World War I, which lasted from 1914 to 1918. As a result of World War I, monarchies collapsed in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia, and several central and eastern European countries won independence. The Versailles peace treaty in 1919 found Germany guilty of starting the war and demanded that Germany make reparations, or payment for damages.

question

Describe the causes and impact of WWII on Europe.

answer

Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler, gain control of Italy and Germany and followed by territorial expansion. The Holocaust was an impact of WWII.

question

Describe the causes, impact and outcomes of communism and the Cold War.

answer

Power struggle between communist soviet union and non-communist United states. Communist East Germany and democratic West Germany--became the "hot point" of the Cold War in Europe. Berlin wall was put up cause people were escaping from communist eastern Germany to the democratic west Germany.

question

Describe the changes Europe has made in order to make a more unified continent.

answer

Polish workers founded Solidarity, the first free labor union in the communist world. The infamous Berlin Wall came down, and in 1990, the two parts of Germany reunited. Three years later, Czechoslovakia split into two separate countries: the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Throughout much of eastern Europe during the 1990s, free elections installed democratic leaders, who encouraged the rise of market economies. Led to European Union

question

Industrial Revolution

answer

The rapid major change in the economy with the introduction of power-driven machinery.

question

The Ural Mountains form

answer

the dividing line between Europe and Asia

question

The northern areas of Russia are covered by

answer

tundra which can't be used for farming

question

More than half of Europe is covered by a landform called the

answer

North European Plain

question

What are Europe's most important natural resources?

answer

oil, natural gas, and coal

question

Two important rivers on the continent of Europe are

answer

the Volga and the Rhine

question

Which statement best describes the Volga River in Russia?

answer

It is not navigable for part of the year because of ice

question

Many of the worst cases of pollution are found in

answer

Russia

question

In Europe, winds have deposited a type of rich, dust-like soil known as

answer

loess

question

The natural vegetation for much of Europe is

answer

forest

question

Much of the Russian steppes are used for

answer

farming

question

Europe is the ________ continent.

answer

second smallest

question

Which statement about the mountains of northwestern Europe is not true?

answer

They contain some high, wooded plateaus

question

The Danube flows from Germany to the

answer

Black Sea

question

The North European Plain is rich in

answer

agricultural lands, iron ore, and coal.

question

A fine, rich soil that is carried by the wind is known as

answer

loess

question

A mild ______ climate is found in most of southern Europe.

answer

Mediterranean

question

Hot, dry winds from Africa are called

answer

siroccos

question

How does the Netherlands protect its lowland areas?

answer

With dikes to hold back the sea

question

Air currents from the Atlantic

answer

Have difficulty reaching eastern Europe, keep temperatures more mild in western Europe, are warmed by the Gulf Stream, (all of the above)

question

The Pyrenees Mountains separate the _________ Peninsula from the rest of Europe.

answer

Iberian

question

The British Isles include

answer

Great Britain and Ireland

question

Iceland is a land of glaciers and ___________.

answer

active volcanoes

question

Fjords are long, narrow inlets carved by

answer

ancient glaciers

question

Ireland's original forests

answer

were mostly cut for firewood and to clear land for farms.

question

Dry winds called ________ can cause avalanches.

answer

foehns

question

________ is an active volcano on the Apennine Peninsula.

answer

Vesuvius

question

Europe's marine west coast climate

answer

has mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rain.

question

Above the timberline,

answer

only shrubs, grasses, and lichens will grow.

question

The _______ separates the Iberian Peninsula from Africa.

answer

Strait of Gibraltar

question

What ocean currents bring warm waters to western Europe?

answer

Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift

question

Eurasia

answer

landmass shared by Europe and Asia

question

Iberian Peninsula

answer

landform politically divided into Spain and Portugal

question

Scandinavian Peninsula

answer

landform located in far northern Europe

question

Apennine Peninsula

answer

Italian Peninsula

question

Balkan Peninsula

answer

landform bordered by the Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, and Black Seas

question

Europe's most densely populated regions have

answer

good soil, waterways, and mineral resources.

question

When did the growth of the industrial cities begin in Europe?

answer

in the late 1700s

question

In the 1950s and 1960s, many people immigrated to Europe

answer

to find plentiful jobs.

question

The worst fighting in Europe since WWII occurred in the 1990s in

answer

Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo.

question

______ has the largest population of any European country.

answer

Germany

question

Vatican City

answer

European country with the smallest population

question

Walloons

answer

the smaller of Belgium's 2 main ethnic groups

question

UK

answer

England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland

question

Important European painters include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and __________ _________.

answer

Pablo Picasso

question

What anniversary does Bastille Day celebrate?

answer

beginning of the French Revolution

question

Which of the following are not Romance languages?

answer

Finnish and Hungarian

question

The long dispute in Northern Ireland has centered upon

answer

religious and political ties

question

One major obstacle to European unity is

answer

unequal standards of living.

World Geo. Test- Unit 4: Europe and Russia – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards