World History – Chapter 14 – – Flashcards
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Moluccas
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a group of islands in eastern Indonesia; was the center of the spice trade in the 1500s and 1600s
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Prince Henry
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ruled Portugal, and sent ships to explore the west coast of Africa with a modivation of the need to know
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cartographer
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a person who makes maps
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Vasco da Gama
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Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route. (p. 428)
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Christopher Columbus
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Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)
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Line of Demarcation
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This was the line drawn by Alexander VI that gave Portugal most of Brazil and Spain the rest of South America
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.
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Ferdinand Magellan
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Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world.
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circumnaviage
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sail completely around the world
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Mombasa
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an important Swahili city-state and trading center between 1100 and 1500; the main part of Kenya on the Indian Ocean.
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Malindi
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an east African town in SE Kenya (was attacked by the Portuguese in the 1400s)
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plantation
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A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country.
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Affonso I
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Ruler of the Kongo in west-central Africa who wanted to create a modern Christian state by converting Africans to Christians. He also wanted to stop the slave trade, but was unsuccessful
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missionary
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a person who teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs
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Asante kingdom
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a kingdom that emerged in the 1700s in present-day Ghana and was active in the slave trade
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Osei Tutu
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Asante leader; uses European firearms to centrailize and expand empire
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monopoly
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exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices
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Oyo empire
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arose from successive waves of settlement be the Yoruba people of present day nigeria grew because of slave trade profits
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Cape Town
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seaport city and legislative capital of South Africa; first Dutch colony in Africa
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Boers
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Dutch farmers in South Africa
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Afonso de Albuquerque
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portuguese naval commander who used brute force to gain control in asia.
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Mughal empire
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Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
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Goa
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Island off the coast of India that was the base of Portuguese trade
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Malacca
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Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca. Also spelled Melaka. (p. 387)
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outpost
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a military post stationed at a distance from the main body of troops
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Dutch East India Company
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Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies.
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sovereign
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a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
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Philippines
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Spanish colony in the Pacific whom the US helped free from the Spanish, but soon after took as their own colony
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sepoys
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Indian troops who served in the British army
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Macao
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One of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty
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Guangzhou
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a small trading outlet. The Qing dynasty had restricted European merchants to this place. The merchants could deal with only a few Chinese firms, which the British did not like this arrangement
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Matteo Ricci
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Italian Jesuit who wanted to convert China to Christianity during the Ming dynasty
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Manchus
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a member of a people native to Manchuria who ruled China during the Qing dynasty
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Qing
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the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries
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Quianlong
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1736-1796, stopped Mongol invasions and had dual government positions for Chinese and Manchu's
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Lord Macartney
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Ambassador to China who insulted the Chinese with his goods and refused to honor their emperor.
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Nagasaki
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Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped (August 9, 1945).
