question

Greece's topography is characterized by_____________, mountains,valleys, hot summers and rainy winters.

answer

bays and harbors

question

In general, separate early Greek communities became fierce ___________.

answer

rivals

question

The chief center of Minoan Crete was _________.

answer

Knossus

question

The period immediately following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization is referred to as the _______________.

answer

Greek Dark Age

question

The Greek Dark Age was a period of migrations and declining ___________production.

answer

Food

question

Homer's Iliad points out the honor and courage of ______aristocratic heros in battle

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.Greek

question

The ______ evolved into the central institution of Greek life in the eighth century B.C.

answer

polis

question

The polic was the Greek name for______.

answer

city-state

question

The typical Greek polis contained an agora and acropolis, was autonomous from other poleis, its community strength came from cooperation, and most Greek women were mainly restricted to the _______.

answer

home

question

The development of the polis had a negative impact on the Greek society by dividing _________ into fiercely competitive states.

answer

Greece

question

During the period of Greek history from 750-500 B.C ______ and _____ increased greatly.

answer

Trade and Colonization

question

The hoplite _______ was a new Greek military organization of heavily armed infantry.

answer

phalanx

question

Ancient Greek warfare was characterized by all of the following:

answer

The Greek warriors possessed excellent weapons and armor. Greek warriors were willing to engage the enemy head-on, thus deciding most battles quickly. Greek armies were made up of citizen soldiers. The use of heavy infantry in battle usually determined the outcome.

question

The rise of tyrants in the poleis in the seventh and sixth centuries B.C. often encouraged the ________ and ________ progress of the cities.

answer

economic and culture

question

Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as a reaction to aristocratic power and a widening gulf between _______________.

answer

rich and poor

question

In Sparta life resembled that of a ______ camp.

answer

military

question

The neighbors of the Spartans who were free inhabitants and required to pay taxes and perform military services but who were not citizens of Sparta were _________.

answer

perioikoi

question

To balance the power of kings and the Council of Elders, Spartan political reformers created the _______.

answer

ephors

question

Spartans helots farmed the land as ___________ and had was declared on them every year.

answer

Sharecoppers

question

For the Greeks, the term _____ described the striving for excellence.

answer

arete

question

Athenian leaders can be characterized as follows:

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Themistocles --developed a navy Cleisthenes--created the ten tribes and Council of 500 Solon--sole archon and political reformer Cleon--leader of the war party in the Peloponnesian War

question

The Athenian statesman who established the ten tribes and who weakened the aristocracy and increased the authority of the ordinary citizens was _______.

answer

Cleisthenes

question

Typical of Greek culture in the archaic age was ________ as found in the works of Sappho.

answer

lyric poetry

question

Hesiod's famous poem about the pleasures of ordinary work is titled__________.

answer

Works and Days

question

The _________ in Athens was a board of ten generals.

answer

strategoi

question

The immediate cause of the ________ wars was a revolt of the Ionian Greek colonies in Asia Minor.

answer

Persian

question

At the Battle of Marathon, the _______ won a decisive victory by an aggressive attack against a stronger foe.

answer

Greeks

question

At the Battle of Thermopylae, the _________ fought a noble holding action to the last man.

answer

Spartans

question

The _______ ______ was an alliance of city-state let by Athens after the Perisan War.

answer

Delian League

question

During the Age of Pericles, ___________ became deeply attached to their democratic system.

answer

Athenians

question

The Peloponnesian War resulted in the defeat if the _________ and the collapse of its empire.

answer

Athens

question

One of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was ______ fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire.

answer

Sparta's

question

The Greek historian Thucydides differed from Herodotus in that ___________ was unconcerned with spiritual forces as a factor in history.

answer

Heredotus

question

The Greek dramatist who was a realist and known for his portrayal of realistic characters in real life situations was ___________.

answer

Euripedes

question

Greek comedy was used to express _________ views as evidenced by Aristophans.

answer

political

question

The Greek Parthenon is considered the greatest example of classic Greek temple _________.

answer

architecture

question

Early _________ philosophy attempted to explain the universe on the basis of unifying principles.

answer

Greek

question

The Sophists were professional ________ who seemingly questioned the traditional values of their societies.

answer

teachers

question

Socrates was condemned to death for corrupting the youth of ________.

answer

Athens

question

"The unexamined life is not worth living" is a cornerstone of the philosophy of _____________.

answer

Socrates

question

The republic depicted ________ ideas of the ideal government and society.

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Plato's

question

Greek religion can be characterized as follows:

answer

It was polytheistic. It involved ritual and sacrifice. Festivals were held to honor the gods. Each city had a chief god or goddess.

question

Most _______ women were kept under strick control, cut off from formal education, and were always assigned a male guardian.

answer

Greek

question

In classical Athens, male _________ was practiced and tolerated in parts as a mean by which mature men instructed young males about the masculine world of politics and patronage.

answer

homosexuality

question

The Philppics were a series of orations in which Demosthenes convinced the Athenians to fight against _______.

answer

Philip

question

Alexander conquered Syria, Babylon, Egypt, and _______.

answer

Persia

question

Alexander's military success against the Persians was in part attributable to the role of Alexander's _______ as a strike force.

answer

calvary

question

Alexander invaded the ______ Empire with an army of 37,000 including 5,000 calvary.

answer

Persian

question

___________ the Great's conquests on Asia occurred despite violent opposition back in Greece by most of the city-state.

answer

Alexander

question

Alexander the Great's troops rebelled when he made the decision to invade and capture __________.

answer

India

question

In establishing his empire, Alexander the Great saw himself as a descendant of Greek gods and heroes, combined Greek and Persian practices to allow its administration, and allow intermarriage between his soldiers and native __________ women.

answer

Persian

question

The _________ era describes an age that saw the extension and imitation of Greek culture throughout the ancient Near East.

answer

Hellenistic

question

Upon the death of Alexander his Macedonian ______ became involved in successive power struggles.

answer

generals

question

The people from Europe north of the Alps who attacked Rome and Macedonia and Greece in the forth and third centuries B.C were the ________.

answer

Celts

question

The Hellenistic states in the centuries after Alexander the Great became despotic _________.

answer

monarchies

question

____________ cities important centers of administration, most of which were dominated by Greeks and Greek culture.

answer

Hellenistic

question

A clear trend of _____ cities was the close relationship between the Hellenistic rulers and the cities

answer

Hellenistic

question

Improvements in trade and commerce in the _______ world were greatly aided by improvements in harbors, a money economy, the development of trade routes, and the emergence of a large merchant and artisan class.

answer

Hellenistic

question

The economic life of the Hellenistic world was characterized by a significant shift in industry and manufacturing from -_________ to the east.

answer

Greece

question

________ class of women achieved the most notable gains during the Hellenistic period.

answer

Upper

question

In the Hellenistic world _____ families were common.

answer

small

question

In the Hellenistic world, children were sold into slavery by their parents, prisoners of war became slaves, persons kidnapped by pirates could be auctioned as slaves, and persons whose ______were slaves were slaves.

answer

parents

question

Among the most ill-treated Hellenistic slaves were those who worked the Egyptian _________.

answer

gold mines

question

Hellenistic education as embodied in the gymnasium closely and widely followed classical ______ ideas about proper education.

answer

Greek

question

Rather than education being a private enterprise in the classical period, Hellenistic education became a duty of ___________ and ____________.

answer

cities and governments

question

An especially important cultural center with the largest library in ancient times was _______.

answer

Alexandria

question

Hellenistic culture can be characterized as follows:

answer

It was a great period of literature, especially in drama, history, and biography. It was a period that saw the need to preserve the writings of the classical Greeks. Sculptors and architects could very easily find work in the new Hellenistic cities. Hellenist sculpture was often made realistic and emotional than classical Greek Sculpture.

question

The theatrical center of the Hellenistic world and home of the New Comedy was ________.

answer

Athens

question

____________ sculpture was more emotional and realistic than classical Greek scuplture.

answer

Hellenistic

question

Hellenistic scientists were able to accomplish all of the following:

answer

establishing the heliocentric theory of the universe. estimating the circumference of the earth. inventing the Archimedean screw. theorizing that the earth rotates on its own axis.

question

The Alexandrian scholar Euclid's most famous achievement was systematizing the study of ___________.

answer

geometry

question

The philosophical school that stressed happiness through freeing oneself from a political life was _________.

answer

Epicureanism

question

__________ maintained that people could gain inner peace by seeking virtue and living according to nature.

answer

Stoicism

question

The widespread popularity of Stoicism and Epicureanism in the Hellenistic world suggested a new openness to thoughts of _________.

answer

universality

question

During the Hellenistic period, __________ religion changed as Greeks became very receptive to the Eastern religious mystery cults.

answer

Greek

question

The mystery cults and religions of the Hellenistic world helped pave the way for the success of ____________.

answer

Christianity

question

In the Hellenistic era, ________ progressed due to the use of dissection and vivisection.

answer

medicine

question

The cult of Isis was a popular mystery religion, Isis was associated with the giver of laws and letter to humankind, her cult promised an ___________ and she supposedly invented the marriage contract between husband and wife.

answer

afterlife

question

The _______ in the Hellenistic era were dispersed throughout the eastern Mediterranean region.

answer

Jews

question

Signs of the decline of the _________ civilization were apparent by the late third century B.C. Hellenistic civilization.

answer

Hellenistic

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