exam 3 (part 2: chapter 16-18) – Flashcards
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Has the use of nannies by upper-middle-class families demonstrated a number of problems including tensions over differences in disciplinary action, parents missing important milestones in the child's life (first step and first words), and the emotional attachment the child develops with the nanny?
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Yes
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With the need for independence and greater opportunity, are children leaving home at an earlier age and less likely to return home after they leave?
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No
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Among all family groups, what group is the most likely to be permissive with their children and avoid physical punishment?
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Native American
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Although women are having children at a later time in life, are more married women giving birth today than did twenty years ago?
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No
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Are same-sex couples more likely to break up than heterosexual marriages?
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Yes
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Has internet dating become the most popular way to meet a prospective mate?
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No
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Maria and Brian recently gave birth to their first child. Based on sociological findings, what is the likely change in the marital satisfaction that Maria and Brian feel towards one another?
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Less intimacy
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The stage of life before adulthood during which a new trend of children staying home longer is becoming common is referred to as what?
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Adultolescence
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What is the group with the highest percentage of families headed by a married couple? What is the group with the lowest percentage of families headed by a married couple? Highest: Asian Americans Lowest:
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African Americans
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Generally speaking, in which families would elders play the most active role in rearing their grandchildren?
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Native American
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How has the age of the average first-time bride and groom in the United States changed since 1890?
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It increased
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What is the sandwich generation?
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Taking care of parents and children
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Are couples who cohabit before marriage less likely to get divorced?
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No
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Of the 60 million married couples in the United States today, statistics show that approximately how many of these will be divorced a year from now?
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1 million
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From a sociological perspective of marriage and divorce, to what does the term continuities refer?
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Lingering attachments
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According to the findings of Diana Russell, who are the most common incest offenders?
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Uncles
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Is a central sociological principle that a nation's education system reflects its culture?
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Yes
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Is the cultural transmission of values a latent function of education?
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No (manifest function)
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What is tracking?
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Sorting of students into different programs on the basis of real perceived abilities
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Do children who are home schooled become socially challenged when they encounter real world experiences?
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No
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Has research has shown that people who go farther in school live longer?
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Yes
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What did the Rosenthal-Jacobsen experiment confirm?
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Students that are expected to do better generally do better and those who are expected to do poorly generally do poorly
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What is the root of the word school as well as its literal meaning?
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Scholé meaning leisure
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When employers use diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for jobs, even though the diploma or degree may be irrelevant to the actual work, it becomes a what society?
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Credential society
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One of the functions performed by schools is to promote a sense of national identity and stabilize the political system. This function is referred to as what?
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Social integration
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Determining which people will enter what occupation is a function of education referred to as what?
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Gatekeeping
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What social worker suggested the dice question for IQ tests?
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Adrian Dove
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What characteristic of society corresponds with the characteristic of schools to promote patriotism?
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Need to maintain armed forces
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When Ray Rist conducted a participant observation study in an African American grade school, what did he conclude was the underlying basis for assigning children to different worktables in kindergarten?
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Social class
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In the research by Rosenthal and Jacobson, certain students identified as "spurters" excelled throughout the school year. How did Rosenthal and Jacobson select them?
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They randomly chose 20% of the class as spurters
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Based on the research of sociologist George Farkas, what two groups of students were most successful in signaling their teachers they were good students?
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Girls and Asian Americans
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Higher grades given for the same work or a general rise in student grades without a corresponding increase in learning is known as what?
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Grade inflation
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The word church, as used by Durkheim, is synonymous with the concept of what?
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Moral community
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Did a dysfunction of religion that included executing suspected witches disappear during the eighteenth century when religion became more civilized?
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No
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Do Jews, Christians, and Muslims all share a common ground in their religious beliefs which is called a cosmology?
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Yes
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What is the oldest monotheistic religion in the world?
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Judaism
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During the first thousand years of Christianity, was there was only one church organization, directed from Rome?
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Yes
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As a group, are Jews and Jehovah's Witnesses status consistent in respect to income, education, and occupational prestige?
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No
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What are the two dysfunctions of religion addressed in the textbook?
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Persecution War and Terrorism
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What theologian proposed that God has predestined some people to go to heaven and others to hell at the time of their birth?
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John Calvin
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What religion has the longest history?
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Judaism
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What is the world's largest religion, with around 2 billion members?
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Christians
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Muslims and Jews alike trace their ancestry to whom?
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Abraham
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A central symbol of Buddhism is what?
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Eight-spoke wheel
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With 54 million members, what denomination has the highest membership in the United States?
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Evangelical churches
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Which mainstream religion do many members of Pentecostalism abandon to engage in their new faith?
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Roman Catholic Religion
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At one time, Methodists prohibited members from playing cards, dancing, and going to movies. Since then, these prohibitions have been dismantled. What is this shifting of focus from spiritual matters to worldly matters called?
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Secularization of religion
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Why is it believed that the Internet will have a significant effect on our religious lives and alter the face of religion?
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The Net has put us at a verge of religious reformation; The leader of a pagan group can compete directly with the pope